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Egan LM, Stiller WN. The Past, Present, and Future of Host Plant Resistance in Cotton: An Australian Perspective. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:895877. [PMID: 35873986 PMCID: PMC9297922 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.895877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is a key global fiber crop. However, yield potential is limited by the presence of endemic and introduced pests and diseases. The introduction of host plant resistance (HPR), defined as the purposeful use of resistant crop cultivars to reduce the impact of pests and diseases, has been a key breeding target for the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) cotton breeding program. The program has seen success in releasing cultivars resistant to Bacterial blight, Verticillium wilt, Fusarium wilt, and Cotton bunchy top. However, emerging biotic threats such as Black root rot and secondary pests, are becoming more frequent in Australian cotton production systems. The uptake of tools and breeding methods, such as genomic selection, high throughput phenomics, gene editing, and landscape genomics, paired with the continued utilization of sources of resistance from Gossypium germplasm, will be critical for the future of cotton breeding. This review celebrates the success of HPR breeding activities in the CSIRO cotton breeding program and maps a pathway for the future in developing resistant cultivars.
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Martin DE, Latheef MA. Active optical sensor assessment of spider mite damage on greenhouse beans and cotton. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2018; 74:147-158. [PMID: 29423706 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is an important pest of cotton in mid-southern USA and causes yield reduction and deprivation in fiber fitness. Cotton and pinto beans grown in the greenhouse were infested with spider mites at the three-leaf and trifoliate stages, respectively. Spider mite damage on cotton and bean canopies expressed as normalized difference vegetation index indicative of changes in plant health was measured for 27 consecutive days. Plant health decreased incrementally for cotton until day 21 when complete destruction occurred. Thereafter, regrowth reversed decline in plant health. On spider mite treated beans, plant vigor plateaued until day 11 when plant health declined incrementally. Results indicate that pinto beans were better suited as a host plant than cotton for rearing T. urticae in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Martin
- USDA-ARS, Aerial Application Technology Research Unit, 3103 F and B Road, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
| | - Mohamed A Latheef
- USDA-ARS, Aerial Application Technology Research Unit, 3103 F and B Road, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
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He J, Zhou L, Yao Q, Liu B, Xu H, Huang J. Greenhouse and field-based studies on the distribution of dimethoate in cotton and its effect on Tetranychus urticae by drip irrigation. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:225-233. [PMID: 28834288 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch is an important pest of cotton. We investigated the efficacy of dimethoate in controlling T. urticae by drip irrigation. Greenhouse and field experiments were carried out to determine the efficacy of dimethoate to T. urticae and the absorption and distribution of dimethoate in cotton. RESULTS Greenhouse results showed that cotton leaves received higher amounts of dimethoate compared with cotton roots and stems, with higher amounts in young leaves compared with old leaves and cotyledon having the lowest amounts among leaves. Field results showed the efficacy of dimethoate to T. urticae by drip irrigation varied by volume of dripping water, soil pH and dimethoate dosage. Dimethoate applied at 3.00 kg ha-1 with 200 m3 ha-1 water at weak acidic soil pH (5.70-6.70) through drip irrigation can obtain satisfactory control efficacy (81.49%, 7 days) to T. urticae, without negatively impacting on its natural enemy Neoseiulus cucumeris. The residue of dimethoate in all cotton seed samples were not detectable. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the effectiveness of applying dimethoate by drip irrigation for control of T. urticae on cotton. This knowledge could aid in the applicability of dimethoate by drip irrigation for field management of T. urticae populations. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao He
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Liu
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanhong Xu
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiguang Huang
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Silva R, Walter GH, Wilson LJ, Furlong MJ. Effects of single and dual species herbivory on the behavioral responses of three thrips species to cotton seedlings. INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 24:684-698. [PMID: 27029603 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the olfactory responses of 3 thrips species [Frankliniella schultzei Trybom, F. occidentalis Pergrande and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)] to cotton seedlings [Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvales: Malvaceae)] simultaneously damaged by different combinations of herbivores. Cotton seedlings were damaged by foliar feeding Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiforms: Tetranychidae), Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) or root feeding Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Thrips responses to plants simultaneously damaged by 2 species of herbivore were additive and equivalent to the sum of the responses of thrips to plants damaged by single herbivore species feeding alone. For example, F. occidentalis was attracted to T. urticae damaged plants but more attracted to undamaged plants than to plants damaged by H. armigera. Plants simultaneously damaged by low densities of T. urticae and H. armigera repelled F. occidentalis but as T. urticae density increased relative to H. armigera density, F. occidentalis attraction to coinfested plants increased proportionally. Thrips tabaci did not discriminate between undamaged plants and plants damaged by H. armigera but were attracted to plants damaged by T. urticae alone or simultaneously damaged by T. urticae and H. armigera. Olfactometer assays showed that simultaneous feeding by 2 herbivores on a plant can affect predator-prey interactions. Attraction of F. occidentalis to plants damaged by its T. urticae prey was reduced when the plant was simultaneously damaged by H. armigera, T. molitor, or A. gossypii and F. schultzei was more attracted to plants simultaneously damaged by T. urticae and H. armigera than to plants damaged by T. urticae alone. We conclude that plant responses to feeding by 1 species of herbivore are affected by responses to feeding by other herbivores. These plant-mediated interactions between herbivore complexes affect the behavioral responses of thrips which vary between species and are highly context dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Silva
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Gimme H Walter
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lewis J Wilson
- Cotton Research Unit, CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Locked Bag 59, Narrabri, NSW, 2390, Australia
| | - Michael J Furlong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Guo J, Guo J, He K, Bai S, Zhang T, Zhao J, Wang Z. Physiological Responses Induced by Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Feeding in Maize and Their Effects on O. furnacalis Performance. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:739-747. [PMID: 28334193 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants damaged by herbivorous insects often respond by mounting a series of defense responses that can inhibit the insect's fitness. Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a major insect pest in maize throughout much of Asia, Australia, and the western Pacific islands. We examined the effects of O. furnacalis -induced maize defenses on O. furnacalis fitness, and explained the effects from biochemical changes that occur in maize leaves in response to O. furnacalis feeding. The results of the age-stage, two-sex life table showed that significantly longer larval and pupal life spans, and total preoviposition period (TPOP) occurred. A decrease in the longevity and fecundity of female adults was observed in O. furnacalis fed on O. furnacalis -damaged leaves. The mean generation time ( T ), finite rate of increase ( ), net reproductive rate ( R 0 ), and intrinsic rate of increase ( r ) were also correspondingly affected. Biochemical assays indicated that 24 h of O. furnacalis herbivory resulted in decreased levels of the benzoxazinoids, 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA), and 2-(2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one)-β-D-glucopyranose (DIMBOA-Glc), and a corresponding increase in 2-(2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one)-β-D-glucopyranose (HDMBOA-Glc). Maize also exhibited higher activities of the defensive enzymes-peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)-after 24 h of herbivory. We concluded that exposure to O. furnacalis -damaged leaves had an inhibitory impact on the fitness of the neonate to pupa stages of O. furnacalis . The observed higher level of HDMBOA-Glc and higher enzymatic activities of POD, SOD, CAT, and PPO may account, in part, for the observed inhibitory effects on O. furnacalis fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, MOA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Jianqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, MOA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China ( ; ; ; ; ; )
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Kanglai He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, MOA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Shuxiong Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, MOA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Tiantao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, MOA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Jiuran Zhao
- Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Zhenying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, MOA-CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; )
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Trapero C, Wilson IW, Stiller WN, Wilson LJ. Enhancing Integrated Pest Management in GM Cotton Systems Using Host Plant Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:500. [PMID: 27148323 PMCID: PMC4840675 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cotton has lost many ancestral defensive traits against key invertebrate pests. This is suggested by the levels of resistance to some pests found in wild cotton genotypes as well as in cultivated landraces and is a result of domestication and a long history of targeted breeding for yield and fiber quality, along with the capacity to control pests with pesticides. Genetic modification (GM) allowed integration of toxins from a bacteria into cotton to control key Lepidopteran pests. Since the mid-1990s, use of GM cotton cultivars has greatly reduced the amount of pesticides used in many cotton systems. However, pests not controlled by the GM traits have usually emerged as problems, especially the sucking bug complex. Control of this complex with pesticides often causes a reduction in beneficial invertebrate populations, allowing other secondary pests to increase rapidly and require control. Control of both sucking bug complex and secondary pests is problematic due to the cost of pesticides and/or high risk of selecting for pesticide resistance. Deployment of host plant resistance (HPR) provides an opportunity to manage these issues in GM cotton systems. Cotton cultivars resistant to the sucking bug complex and/or secondary pests would require fewer pesticide applications, reducing costs and risks to beneficial invertebrate populations and pesticide resistance. Incorporation of HPR traits into elite cotton cultivars with high yield and fiber quality offers the potential to further reduce pesticide use and increase the durability of pest management in GM cotton systems. We review the challenges that the identification and use of HPR against invertebrate pests brings to cotton breeding. We explore sources of resistance to the sucking bug complex and secondary pests, the mechanisms that control them and the approaches to incorporate these defense traits to commercial cultivars.
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Miyazaki J, Wilson LJ, Stiller WN. Lack of adaptation to a new host in a generalist herbivore: implications for host plant resistance to twospotted spider mites in cotton. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2015; 71:531-536. [PMID: 24777962 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) is an important pest of cotton. This pest has a broad host range, but when changing between hosts an initial decline in fitness often occurs. This is usually followed by an increase in fitness after rapid adaptation to the new host, usually within five generations. RESULTS The generality of this adaptive response was tested by assessing elements of fitness when mites were reared on a host to which they were adapted (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Sicot 71) or on a new host, Gossypium arboreum L. (accession BM13H). In a first experiment, mites reared on the new host for ten generations showed declining immature survival compared with those reared on the adapted host. In a second experiment, the intrinsic capacity for increase of mites cultured on the new host for six generations was significantly lower than that of mites cultured on the adapted host for six generations and then transferred to the new host. Hence, exposure to the new host for six or ten generations resulted in declining fitness. CONCLUSION This 'negative adaptation' indicates robust antibiosis traits in G. arboreum accession BM13H, which therefore have value in developing mite-resistant G. hirsutum cultivars.
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Miyazaki J, Stiller WN, Truong TT, Xu Q, Hocart CH, Wilson LJ, Wilson IW. Jasmonic acid is associated with resistance to twospotted spider mites in diploid cotton (Gossypium arboreum). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2014; 41:748-757. [PMID: 32481029 DOI: 10.1071/fp13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) is capable of dramatically reducing the yield of cotton crops and is often difficult and expensive to control. This study investigated and compared two important plant hormones, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), as constitutive and/or induced defence response components in a mite susceptible commercial cotton cultivar, Sicot 71 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and a resistant diploid cotton BM13H (Gossypium arboreum L.). Foliar application of JA and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) reduced the mite population and leaf damage but application of other potential elicitors, SA and methyl salicylate (MeSA) did not. The concentrations of JA and SA in leaf tissues of induced and non-induced Sicot 71 and BM13H were quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The JA content was constitutively higher in BM13H than Sicot 71 and also highly induced by mite infestation in BM13H but not in Sicot 71. However, SA was not significantly induced in either BM13H or Sicot 71. The expression levels of JA related genes, LOX, AOS and OPR were measured by quantitative PCR and elevated expression levels of JA related genes were detected in mite-infested BM13H. Therefore, JA and MeJA were implicated as key biochemical components in both the constitutive and induced defence responses of BM13H to spider mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Miyazaki
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Locked Bag 59, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia
| | | | - Thy T Truong
- Research School of Biology, Mass Spectrometry Facility, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Qian Xu
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Charles H Hocart
- Research School of Biology, Mass Spectrometry Facility, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Lewis J Wilson
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Locked Bag 59, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia
| | - Iain W Wilson
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia
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