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Inheritance of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) resistance in Amaranthus palmeri. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21822. [PMID: 36528649 PMCID: PMC9759536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25686-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the inheritance of 2,4-D resistance in a multiple herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (KCTR) was investigated. Direct and reciprocal crosses were performed using 2,4-D-resistant KCTR and susceptible KSS plants to generate F1 progenies. 2,4-D dose-response assays were conducted to evaluate the response of progenies from each F1 family along with KCTR and KSS plants in controlled environmental growth chambers. Additionally, 2,4-D-resistant male and female plants from each of the F1 families were used in pairwise crosses to generate pseudo-F2 families. Segregation (resistance or susceptibility) of progenies from the F2 families in response to a discriminatory rate of 2,4-D (i.e., 560 g ae ha-1) was evaluated. Dose-response analysis of F1 progenies derived from direct and reciprocal crosses suggested that the 2,4-D resistance in KCTR is a nuclear trait. Chi-square analyses of F2 segregation data implied that 2,4-D resistance in KCTR is controlled by multiple gene(s). Overall, our data suggest that the 2,4-D resistance in KCTR Palmer amaranth is a nuclear inherited trait controlled by multiple genes. Such resistance can spread both via pollen or seed-mediated gene flow. In future, efforts will be directed towards identifying genes mediating 2,4-D resistance in KCTR population.
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Wang T, Han J, Fang H, Khan AA, Tang L, Zhang M, Shi F. The enhanced functional traits contribute to the successful invasion of Amaranthus palmeri in salinity environments: a comparison with its congeners. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gaines TA, Busi R, Küpper A. Can new herbicide discovery allow weed management to outpace resistance evolution? PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3036-3041. [PMID: 33942963 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
While herbicides are the most effective and widely adopted weed management approach, the evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in damaging weed species threatens the yield and profitability of many crops. Weeds accumulate multiple resistance mechanisms through sequential selection and/or gene flow, with long-range and international transport of herbicide-resistant weeds proving to be a serious issue. Metabolic resistance mechanisms can confer resistance across multiple sites of action and even to herbicides not yet discovered. When a new site of action herbicide is introduced to control a key driver weed, it likely will be one of very few effective available herbicide options for that weed in a specific crop due to the continuous use of herbicides over the years and the resulting accumulation of resistance mechanisms, placing it at even higher risk to be rapidly lost to resistance due to the high selection pressure it will experience. The number of available, effective herbicides for certain driver weeds is decreasing over time because the rate of resistance evolution is faster than the rate of new herbicide discovery. Effective monitoring for species movement and diagnostics for resistance should be deployed to rapidly identify emerging resistance to any new site of action. While innovation in herbicide discovery is urgently needed to combat the pressing issue of resistance in weeds, the rate of selection for herbicide resistance in weeds must be slowed through changes in the patterns of how herbicides are used. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Gaines
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Roberto Busi
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anita Küpper
- Bayer AG, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Brusa A, Patterson EL, Gaines TA, Dorn K, Westra P, Sparks CD, Wyse D. A needle in a seedstack: an improved method for detection of rare alleles in bulk seed testing through KASP. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:2477-2484. [PMID: 33442897 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amaranthus palmeri is an aggressive and prolific weed species with major impact on agricultural yield and is a prohibited noxious weed across the Midwest. Morphological identification of A. palmeri from other Amaranthus species is extremely difficult in seeds, which has led to genetic testing for seed identification in commercial seed lots. RESULTS We created an inexpensive and reliable genetic test based on novel, species-specific, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from GBS (Genotyping by Sequencing) data. We report three SNP-based genetic tests for identifying A. palmeri alone or in a mixed pool of Amaranthus spp. Sensitivity ranged from 99.8 to 100%, specificity from 99.59 to 100%. Accuracy for all three tests is > 99.7%. All three are capable of reliably detecting one A. palmeri seed in a pool of 200 Amaranthus spp. seeds. The test was validated across 20 populations of A. palmeri, along with eight other Amaranthus species, the largest and most genetically diverse panel of Amaranthus samples to date. CONCLUSION Our work represents a marked improvement over existing commercial assays resulting in an identification assay that is (i) accurate, (ii) robust, (iii) easy to interpret and (iv) applicable to both leaf tissue and pools of up to 200 seeds. Included is a data transformation method for calling of closely grouped competitive fluorescence assays. We also present a comprehensive GBS dataset from the largest geographic panel of Amaranthus populations sequenced. Our approach serves as a model for developing markers for other difficult to identify species. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Brusa
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric L Patterson
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Todd A Gaines
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kevin Dorn
- Soil Management and Sugarbeet Research, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Philip Westra
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Crystal D Sparks
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Don Wyse
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Khalil Y, Ashworth MB, Han H, Qin Y, Rocha RL, Pritchard B, Cameron D, Beckie HJ. Identification of the first glyphosate-resistant capeweed (Arctotheca calendula) population. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:2568-2575. [PMID: 33481327 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate is routinely used in Australia to control the Arctotheca species Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns (referred hereinafter as capeweed). This study identifies the first global case of field-evolved glyphosate-resistant capeweed, collected from the grainbelt of Western Australia. RESULTS In 2020, a capeweed biotype that was collected from Borden in the southern Western Australian grainbelt was confirmed to be glyphosate-resistant (referred hereinafter as Spence population). When compared to the pooled mortality of six field-collected, glyphosate susceptible capeweed populations (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6), the Spence population was found > 11-fold more resistant to glyphosate than the pooled results of the susceptible populations (S1-S6) at the lethal dose of 50% (LD50 ) level. The growth of the Spence population was also less affected, requiring > 13-fold more glyphosate to reduce growth than the pooled susceptible populations at the growth reduction of 50% (GR50 ) level. Sequencing of the plastidic 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene indicated no known single gene mutation imparting glyphosate resistance. This study, however, did not investigate any other known mechanisms that impart glyphosate resistance. When screened at the field-applied rate, this Spence population was also found to survive an inhibitor of acetolactate synthase (ALS) (metosulam) and an inhibitor of phytoene desaturase (diflufenican). CONCLUSIONS This is the first confirmation of glyphosate resistance evolution in a capeweed population globally. With capeweed resistance already confirmed to photosystem-I inhibiting herbicides (paraquat and diquat), this study emphasizes the importance of using integrated measures that do not depend only on the use of non-selective herbicides for controlling herbicide resistance-prone capeweed populations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen Khalil
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI), School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michael B Ashworth
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI), School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Heping Han
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI), School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yu Qin
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI), School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Roberto L Rocha
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI), School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - David Cameron
- Farmanco Management Consultants, Moora, WA, Australia
| | - Hugh J Beckie
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI), School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Todd OE, Figueiredo MRA, Morran S, Soni N, Preston C, Kubeš MF, Napier R, Gaines TA. Synthetic auxin herbicides: finding the lock and key to weed resistance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 300:110631. [PMID: 33180710 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic auxin herbicides are designed to mimic indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), an integral plant hormone affecting cell growth, development, and tropism. In this review, we explore target site genes in the auxin signaling pathway including SCFTIR1/AFB, Aux/IAA, and ARFs that are confirmed or proposed mechanisms for weed resistance to synthetic auxin herbicides. Resistance to auxin herbicides by metabolism, either by enhanced cytochrome P450 detoxification or by loss of pro-herbicide activation, is a major non-target-site resistance pathway. We speculate about potential fitness costs of resistance due to effects of resistance-conferring mutations, provide insight into the role of polyploidy in synthetic auxin resistance evolution, and address the genetic resources available for weeds. This knowledge will be the key to unlock the long-standing questions as to which components of the auxin signaling pathway are most likely to have a role in resistance evolution. We propose that an ambitious research effort into synthetic auxin herbicide/target site interactions is needed to 1) explain why some synthetic auxin chemical families have activity on certain dicot plant families but not others and 2) fully elucidate target-site cross-resistance patterns among synthetic auxin chemical families to guide best practices for resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia E Todd
- Department of Agricultural Biology, 1177 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA.
| | - Marcelo R A Figueiredo
- Department of Agricultural Biology, 1177 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA.
| | - Sarah Morran
- Department of Agricultural Biology, 1177 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA.
| | - Neeta Soni
- Department of Agricultural Biology, 1177 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA.
| | - Christopher Preston
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5005, Australia.
| | - Martin F Kubeš
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Todd A Gaines
- Department of Agricultural Biology, 1177 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA.
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Shyam C, Borgato EA, Peterson DE, Dille JA, Jugulam M. Predominance of Metabolic Resistance in a Six-Way-Resistant Palmer Amaranth ( Amaranthus palmeri) Population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:614618. [PMID: 33519873 PMCID: PMC7841332 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.614618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in Palmer amaranth across the United States is a serious challenge for its management. Recently, a Palmer amaranth population (KCTR; Kansas Conservation Tillage Resistant) from a long-term conservation tillage research project in Kansas, United States, was found uncontrolled by several commonly used herbicides. Importantly, this field did not have a history of repeated use of some of the herbicides for which the KCTR Palmer amaranth population showed lack of control. The objectives of this study were to confirm the evolution of multiple resistances and determine possible mechanism(s) of resistance in KCTR Palmer amaranth plants. In response to post-emergence application, 28-100% of KCTR Palmer amaranth survived field recommended rates of 2,4-D, ALS-, PS II-, EPSPS-, PPO-, HPPD-inhibitor herbicides, or tank- or pre-mixture of PS II- and HPPD-inhibitor herbicides, confirming evolution of six-way resistance in this Palmer amaranth population. However, this population was found susceptible to the PS I- and glutamine synthetase inhibitor herbicides. Chlorsulfuron-, imazethapyr-, and atrazine-resistant plants did not show any previously reported mutation in ALS and psbA genes, the target sites of these herbicides, respectively. However, the survivors of glyphosate treatment showed amplification of EPSPS gene (up to 88 copies). The KCTR plants pretreated with cytochrome P450 or GST inhibitors along with atrazine, 2,4-D, lactofen, or mesotrione had significantly less biomass accumulation than those treated with herbicides alone. Plants treated with P450 inhibitor followed by imazethapyr showed moderate reduction of biomass in KCTR which was statistically similar to a susceptible Palmer amaranth population treated with imazethapyr. These results suggest predominance of metabolic resistance possibly mediated by cytochrome P450 and GST enzyme activity that may have predisposed the KCTR Palmer amaranth population to evolve resistance to multiple herbicides. This is the first report of evolution of six-way resistance in a single Palmer amaranth population. Appropriate management strategies, including integration of cultural, and mechanical, and herbicide mixtures, are warranted to control such Palmer amaranth populations.
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Mora AD, Rosario J, Rojano-Delgado AM, Palma-Bautista C, Torra J, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, De Prado R. Multiple Resistance to Synthetic Auxin Herbicides and Glyphosate in Parthenium hysterophorus Occurring in Citrus Orchards. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10010-10017. [PMID: 31414816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dominican farmers have started to apply synthetic auxin herbicides (SAHs) as the main alternative to mitigate the impacts of the occurrence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Parthenium hysterophorus populations in citrus orchards. A GR P. hysterophorus population survived field labeled rates of glyphosate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), dicamba, and picloram, which showed poor control (<50%). In in vivo assays, resistance levels were high for glyphosate and moderate for picloram, dicamba, and 2,4-D. Sequencing the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene revealed the double Thr-102-Ile and Pro-106-Ser amino acid substitution, conferring resistance to glyphosate. Additionally, reduced absorption and impaired translocation contributed to this resistance. Regarding SAH, impaired 2,4-D transport and enhanced metabolism were confirmed in resistant plants. The application of malathion improved the efficacy of SAHs (control >50%), showing that metabolism of these herbicides was mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes. This study reports, for the first time, multiple resistance to SAHs and glyphosate in P. hysterophorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés D Mora
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Edaphology , University of Cordoba , 14071 Cordoba , Spain
| | - Jesús Rosario
- Universidad Católica Tecnológica del Cibao-UCATECI , La Vega 41000 , República Dominicana
| | - Antonia M Rojano-Delgado
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Edaphology , University of Cordoba , 14071 Cordoba , Spain
| | | | - Joel Torra
- Department d'Hortofructicultura, Botánica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio , Universitat de Lleida , 25198 Lleida , Spain
| | | | - Rafael De Prado
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Edaphology , University of Cordoba , 14071 Cordoba , Spain
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