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Van HT, Thang TD, Luu TN, Doan VD. An overview of the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils from Alpinia genus (Zingiberaceae). RSC Adv 2021; 11:37767-37783. [PMID: 35498079 PMCID: PMC9044187 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07370b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia Roxb. is the largest genus of the Zingiberaceae family. A large number of Alpinia species has been used as food and traditional medicines. Alpinia essential oils have been studied for their chemical profiles, in which 1,8-cineole, β-pinene, α-pinene, β-myrcene, camphor, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, geraniol, α-fenchyl acetate, ocimene, methyl cinnamate, and β-caryophyllene have been found to be the major compounds. Essential oils isolated from Alpinia plants have been reported to have antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, tyrosinase inhibitory, insecticidal, and larvicidal activities and slimming aromatherapy. In this review, the comprehensive information regarding the volatile components of various Alpinia plants, the bioactivities of Alpinia essential oils and their major compounds are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Thien Van
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City No. 12 Nguyen Van Bao Street, Ward 4, Go Vap District Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Tran Dinh Thang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City No. 12 Nguyen Van Bao Street, Ward 4, Go Vap District Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Thao Nguyen Luu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City No. 12 Nguyen Van Bao Street, Ward 4, Go Vap District Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Van Dat Doan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City No. 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ward 4, Go Vap District Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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Abstract
Background:
Peptic ulcer is a deep gastrointestinal erosion disorder that involves
the entire mucosal thickness and can even penetrate the muscular mucosa. Nowadays, several
plants and compounds derived from it have been screened for their antiulcer activity. In
the last few years, there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine. This
field has gained popularity in both developing and developed countries because of their natural
origin and less side effects.
Objective:
This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of currently available
knowledge of medicinal plants and phytoconstituents reported for their anti-ulcer properties.
Methods:
The worldwide accepted database like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, NISCAIR,
ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar were
used to retrieve available published literature.
Results:
A comprehensive review of the present paper is an attempt to list the plants with
antiulcer activity. The review narrates the dire need to explore potential chemical moieties
that exert an antiulcer effect, from unexploited traditional plants. Furthermore, the present
study reveals the intense requirement to exploit the exact mechanism through which either
the plant extracts or their active constituents exhibit their antiulcer properties.
Conclusion:
This article is the compilation of the plants and its constituents reported for the
treatment of peptic ulcers. The Comprehensive data will surely attract the number of investigators
to initiate further research that might lead to the drugs for the treatment of ulcers. As
sufficient scientific data is not available on plants, most of the herbals cannot be recommended
for the treatment of diseases. This can be achieved by research on pure chemical
structures derived from plants or to prepare new lead compounds with proven beneficial
preclinical in vitro and in vivo effects. However, a lot remains to be done in further investigations
for the better status of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minky Mukhija
- Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
| | - Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun-248001, India
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Pandey S, Prakash O, Zafar A, Hore SK, Pant AK, Mathela CS. Myorelaxant Effect of Essential Oil of Rhizome of Alpinia calcarata Rosc. on Rat Duodenal Smooth Muscle. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0700200718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the essential oil from the rhizome of Alpinia calcarata Rosc. (ACREO) by a combination of GC and GC-MS revealed the presence of 1,8-cineole (42.2%), endo-fenchyl acetate (14.7%), camphene (7.6%), β-pinene (6.9%), α-terpineol (5.3%) and camphor (5.0%). Twenty-three compounds were identified in the oil. ACREO showed dose dependent myorelaxant activity in rat duodenum. The dose response curves of acetylcholine (ACh) and CaCl2 were shifted by ACREO to the right with increases in EC50 values and decreases in Vmax. These findings suggest that ACREO is a non-competitive antagonist of ACh and calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 Uttaranchal, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 Uttaranchal, India
| | - Anjum Zafar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 Uttaranchal, India
| | - Subrata K. Hore
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 Uttaranchal, India
| | - Anil K. Pant
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 Uttaranchal, India
| | - Chandra S. Mathela
- Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263 002, Uttaranchal, India
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Ma XN, Xie CL, Miao Z, Yang Q, Yang XW. An overview of chemical constituents from Alpinia species in the last six decades. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27830b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia species is one of the most important genera of the Zingiberaceae family. Up to 2015, 544 compounds with various bioactivities were isolated, the major components are diarylheptanoids (143) and sesquiterpenoids (132).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ni Ma
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Third Institute of Oceanography
- State Oceanic Administration
| | - Chun-Lan Xie
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Third Institute of Oceanography
- State Oceanic Administration
| | - Zi Miao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Third Institute of Oceanography
- State Oceanic Administration
| | - Quan Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xian-Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources
- Third Institute of Oceanography
- State Oceanic Administration
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Khan SA, Khan AM, Karim S, Kamal MA, Damanhouri GA, Mirza Z. Panacea seed "Nigella": A review focusing on regenerative effects for gastric ailments. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 23:542-53. [PMID: 27298589 PMCID: PMC4890198 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nigella sativa (NS) or black cumin is a dark, thin, and crescent-shaped, seeded shrub belonging to the Ranunculaceae family commonly growing on Mediterranean coasts in Saudi Arabia, northern Africa and Asia. They have amazing curative and therapeutic features that make them one of the most popular, safe, non-detrimental, and cytoprotective medicinal plant that can be used for prevention and treatment of many complicated diseases. Originally, N. sativa was used to treat migraines and allergy, and researches have shown its effectiveness in destroying cancer cells as well. The gastro protective effect of NS oil and its constituents has also been reported earlier; however, the complete perception on etiology and pathogenesis of gastric ulcer is not yet clear. Herein, we attempt to unveil some of the potential mechanisms exhibited by NS in preventing problems related to gastric ulcers. Gastric ailments like ulcers and tumors are the most common disorders of the gastro-intestinal tract in the present day life of the industrialized world. Gastric ulcer being a multifaceted problem exhibits complex etiology and is the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality. Drug interactions and toxicity are the main hindrances in chemotherapy. The existing merits and demerits of modern-day drugs make us turn toward the plant kingdom which may provide a valuable resource of novel potent natural compounds for pharmaceuticals or alternately, as dietary supplements. In this context, the revered phytotherapeutic N. sativa comes as a promising savior in today’s times. This review aims to summarize, both the functional and disease-related effects in the area of gastroenterology.
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Key Words
- 5-FU, 5-flourouracil
- COX, cyclooxygenase
- GI, gastrointestinal
- GSH, glutathione
- Gastric ulcer
- Gastro-protective
- Gastropathies
- LOX, lipoxygenase
- Medicinal plant
- NF-κB, nuclear transcription factor kappa B
- NS, Nigella sativa
- NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Nigella sativa
- PGs, prostaglandins
- PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TQ, thymoquinone
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida A. Khan
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziz M. Khan
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajjad Karim
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A. Damanhouri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeenat Mirza
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author at: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Post Box No 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. Tel.: +966 6401000x72074, mobile: +966 553017824; fax: +966 6952076.
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Iyer D, Sharma BK, Patil UK. Isolation of Bioactive Phytoconstituent fromAlpinia galangaL. with Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity. J Diet Suppl 2013; 10:309-17. [DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2013.830674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rungsaeng P, Sangvanich P, Karnchanatat A. Zingipain, a ginger protease with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:934-50. [PMID: 23625608 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to search for new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), 15 Zingiberaceae plants were tested for AChEI activity in rhizome extracts. The crude homogenate and ammonium sulfate cut fraction of Zingiber officinale contained a significant AChEI activity. Eighty percent saturation ammonium sulfate precipitation and diethylaminoethyl cellulose ion exchange chromatography (unbound fraction) enriched the protein to a single band on nondenaturing and reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (approximately 33.5 kDa). Gelatin-degrading zymography showed that the AChEI-containing band also contained cysteine protease activity. The AChEI activity was largely stable between -20 and 60 °C (at least over 120 min) and over a broad pH range (2-12). The AChEI activity was stimulated strongly by Mn(2+) and Cu(2+) at 1-10 mM and weakly by Ca(2+), Fe(2+), Mg(2+), and Zn(2+) at 1 mM, but was inhibited at 10 mM. In contrast, Hg(2+) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were very and moderately strongly inhibitory, respectively. In-gel tryptic digestion with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy resolution revealed two heterogeneous peptides, a 16-amino-acid-long fragment with 100 % similarity to zingipain-1, which is a cysteine protease from Z. officinale, and a 9-amino-acid-long fragment that was 100 % identical to actinidin Act 2a, suggesting that the preparation was heterogeneous. AChEI exhibited noncompetitive inhibition of AChE for the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide with a K(i) value of 9.31 mg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porlin Rungsaeng
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Kumar S, Alagawadi KR. Anti-obesity effects of galangin, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor in cafeteria diet fed female rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:607-613. [PMID: 23363068 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.757327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Alpinia galanga Willd (Zingiberaceae) (AG) is a rhizomatous herb widely cultivated in shady regions of Malaysia, India, Indochina and Indonesia. It is used in southern India as a domestic remedy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, cough, asthma, obesity, diabetes, etc. It was reported to have anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE A flavonol glycoside, galangin, was isolated from AG rhizomes. Based on its in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect, the study was further aimed to clarify whether galangin prevented obesity induced in female rats by feeding cafeteria diet (CD) for 6 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect of galangin was determined by measuring the release of oleic acid from triolein. For in vivo experiments, female albino rats were fed CD with or without 50 mg/kg galangin for 6 weeks. Body weight and food intake was measured at weekly intervals. On day 42, serum lipids levels were estimated and then the weight of liver and parametrial adipose tissue (PAT) was determined. The liver lipid peroxidation and triglyceride (TG) content was also estimated. RESULTS The IC50 value of galangin for pancreatic lipase was 48.20 mg/mL. Galangin produced inhibition of increased body weight, energy intake and PAT weight induced by CD. In addition, galangin produced a significant decrease in serum lipids, liver weight, lipid peroxidation and accumulation of hepatic TGs. CONCLUSION Galangin present in AG rhizomes produces anti-obesity effects in CD-fed rats; this may be mediated through its pancreatic lipase inhibitory, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLE University's College of Pharmacy , Belgaum, Karnataka , India.
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A superoxide dismutase purified from the rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. as inhibitor of nitric oxide production in the macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cell line. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 166:2138-55. [PMID: 22391698 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is a metalloenzyme or antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of the harmful superoxide anionic radical to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. Due to its antioxidative effects, SOD has long been applied in medicinal treatment, cosmetic, and other chemical industries. Fifteen Zingiberaceae plants were tested for SOD activity in their rhizome extracts. The crude homogenate and ammonium sulfate cut fraction of Curcuma aeruginosa were found to contain a significant level of SOD activity. The SOD enzyme was enriched 16.7-fold by sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation, diethylaminoethyl cellulose ion exchange, and Superdex 75 gel filtration column chromatography. An overall SOD yield of 2.51 % with a specific activity of 812.20 U/mg was obtained. The enriched SOD had an apparent MW of 31.5 kDa, as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and a pH and temperature optima of 4.0 and 50 °C. With nitroblue tetrazolium and riboflavin as substrates, the K(m) values were 57.31 ± 0.012 and 1.51 ± 0.014 M, respectively, with corresponding V(max) values of 333.7 ± 0.034 and 254.1 ± 0.022 μmol min(-1) mg protein(-1). This SOD likely belongs to the Fe- or Mn-SOD category due to the fact that it was insensitive to potassium cyanide or hydrogen peroxide inhibition, but was potentially weakly stimulated by hydrogen peroxide, and stimulated by Mn(2+)and Fe(2+) ions. Moreover, this purified SOD also exhibited inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in cultured mouse macrophage cell RAW 264.7 in a dose-dependent manner (IC(50) = 14.36 ± 0.15 μg protein/ml).
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Padalia RC, Verma RS, Sundaresan V, Chanotiya CS. Chemical diversity in the genus Alpinia (Zingiberaceae): comparative composition of four Alpinia species grown in Northern India. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:2076-87. [PMID: 20730971 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The essential-oil compositions of leaves, flowers, and rhizomes of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., Alpinia calcarata Rosc., Alpinia speciosa K. Schum., and Alpinia allughas Rosc. were examined and compared by capillary GC and GC/MS. Monoterpenoids were the major oil constituents identified. 1,8-Cineole, alpha-terpineol, (E)-methyl cinnamate, camphor, terpinen-4-ol, and alpha- and beta-pinenes were the major constituents commonly distributed in leaf and flower essential oils. The presence of endo-fenchyl acetate, exo-fenchyl acetate, and endo-fenchol was the unique feature of rhizome essential oils of A. galanga, A. calcarata, and A. speciosa. On contrary, the rhizome oil of A. allughas was dominated by beta-pinene. Significant qualitative and quantitative variations were observed in essential-oil compositions of different parts of Alpinia species growing in subtemperate and subtropical regions of Northern India. Cluster analysis was performed to find similarities and differences in essential-oil compositions based on representative molecular skeletons. Monoterpenoids, viz., 1,8-cineole, terpinen-4-ol, camphor, pinenes, (E)-methyl cinnamate, and fenchyl derivatives, were used as chemotaxonomic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra C Padalia
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP, CSIR), Research Center, Pantnagar-263149, Uttarakhand, India.
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Padalia RC, Chanotiya CS, Sundaresan V. Compositional Variability in Essential Oil from Different Parts of Alpinia speciosa from India. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oils from the leaves, flowers and roots of cultivated Alpinia speciosa K. Schum. were examined by capillary GC and GC-MS. Monoterpenoids composed 89.6% of the total identified constituents of the leaf oil, out of which 59.3% were oxygenated, represented mainly by terpinen-4-ol (28.4%) and 1,8-cineole (19.2%). The flower and leaf oils had a uniform qualitative, but different quantitative composition. However, the flowers oil was also dominated by oxygenated monoterpenoids (68.9%) viz., terpinen-4-ol (26.0%), 1,8-cineole (24.4%) and linalool (6.1%), along with the monoterpene hydrocarbon, sabinene (11.3%). On the contrary, the root oil had an entirely different composition and was characterized by endo-fenchyl acetate (40.1%), 1,8-cineole (11.8%), camphene (7.8%), bornyl acetate (6.9%) and borneol (5.8%). Moreover, endo-fenchyl acetate, exo-fenchyl acetate and endo-fenchol were characteristic of only the A. speciosa root oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra C. Padalia
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP, CSIR), Resource Center, Pantnagar- 263 149, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Chandan S. Chanotiya
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP, CSIR), Lucknow-226 015,UP, India
| | - V. Sundaresan
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP, CSIR), Resource Center, Pantnagar- 263 149, Uttarakhand, India
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Abstract
Phytogenic agents have traditionally been used by herbalists and indigenous healers for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer. This article reviews the anti-acid/anti-peptic, gastro-protective and/or anti-ulcer properties of the most commonly employed herbal medicines and their identified active constituents. Botanical compounds with anti-ulcer activity include flavonoids (i.e. quercetin, naringin, silymarin, anthocyanosides, sophoradin derivatives) saponins (i.e. from Panax japonicus and Kochia scoparia), tannins (i.e. from Linderae umbellatae), gums and mucilages (i.e. gum guar and myrrh). Among herbal drugs, liquorice, aloe gel and capsicum (chilli) have been used extensively and their clinical efficacy documented. Also, ethnomedical systems employ several plant extracts for the treatment of peptic ulcer. Despite progress in conventional chemistry and pharmacology in producing effective drugs, the plant kingdom might provide a useful source of new anti-ulcer compounds for development as pharmaceutical entities or, alternatively, as simple dietary adjuncts to existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Borrelli
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples 'Federico II', via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Phytochemistry of the zingiberaceae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(00)80142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Disi AM, Tamimi SO, Abuereish GM. Effects of Anchusa strigosa root aqueous extract on gastric ethanol-induced ulcer in laboratory animals. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 1998; 60:189-198. [PMID: 9613832 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(97)00134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Anchusa strigosa Banks et Sol (Boraginaceae) root extracts (ASRE) were prepared by soaking the dry material in boiling water. The clear soluble extract was dried and found to be 0.238 g/g dry roots. A gastric ulcer was induced in fastened animals by oral ingestion of ethanol. Administration of 0.080 g of ASRE prior to ethanol ingestion protected the stomach of the rat from ulcer formation. The ulcer index values, expressed as a percentage of total stomach surface area affected by the ulcer, were lowered from 34.0+/-4.0 to 6.0+/-0.7 and 32.5+/-9.4 to 2.2+/-1.4 by the morphometric and the planimetric methods, respectively. Treatment of the induced ulcer in guinea pigs was achieved by oral administration of ASRE at the therapeutic dose of extract of 0.286 g/kg body weight/day for 24 days. The intraperitoneal LD50 of ASRE in mice was 0.080 g extract/kg body weight. Replacing water intake by ASRE at 75 ml of variable extract concentrations of 2.865, 3.57 and 4.284 g/l per animal per day for 90 days showed no histopathological changes in all organs of the rat. However, a clear depression effect on the central nervous system and anemia were observed particularly with extract of 3.57 g/l or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Disi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jordan, Amman
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