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Du X, Yuan L, Gao S, Tang Y, Wang Z, Zhao CQ, Qiao L. Research progress on nanomaterial-based matrices for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1712:464493. [PMID: 37944434 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a novel soft ionization bio-mass spectrometry technology emerging in the 1980s, which can realize rapid detection of non-volatile, highly polar, and thermally unstable macromolecules. However, the analysis of small molecular compounds has been a major problem for MALDI-TOF MS all the time. In the MALDI analysis process based on traditional matrices, large numbers of interference peaks in the low molecular weight area and "sweet spots" phenomenon are produced, so the detection method needs to be further optimized. The promotion of matrix means the improvement of MALDI performance. In recent years, many new nanomaterial-based matrices have been successfully applied to the analysis of small molecular compounds, which makes MALDI applicable to a wider range of detection and useful in more fields such as pharmacy and environmental science. In this paper, the newly developed MALDI matrix categories in recent years are reviewed initially. Meanwhile, the potential applications, advantages and disadvantages of various matrices are analyzed. Finally, the future development prospects of nanomaterial-based matrices are also prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Du
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Lianghao Yuan
- College of Phamaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Shijie Gao
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Yuanting Tang
- College of Phamaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Zhiyi Wang
- College of Phamaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Chun-Qin Zhao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
| | - Li Qiao
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
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2
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Liu H, Ahn DJ. Anisotropic CdSe Tetrapods in Vortex Flow for Removing Non-Specific Binding and Increasing Protein Capture. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22155929. [PMID: 35957486 PMCID: PMC9371395 DOI: 10.3390/s22155929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-specific binding (NSB) is one of the important issues in biosensing performance. Herein, we designed a strategy for removing non-specific binding including anti-mouse IgG antibody and bovine serum albumin (BSA) by utilizing anisotropic cadmium selenide tetrapods (CdSe TPs) in a vortex flow. The shear force on the tetrapod nanoparticles was increased by controlling the rotation rate of the vortex flow from 0 rpm to 1000 rpm. As a result, photoluminescence (PL) signals of fluorescein (FITC)-conjugated protein, anti-mouse IgG antibody-FITC and bovine serum albumin (BSA)-FITC, were reduced by 35% and 45%, respectively, indicating that NSB can be removed under vortex flow. In particular, simultaneous NSB removal and protein capture can be achieved even with mixture solutions of target antibodies and anti-mouse IgG antibodies by applying cyclic mode vortex flow on anisotropic CdSe TPs. These results demonstrate successfully that NSB can be diminished by rotating CdSe TPs to generate shear force under vortex flow. This study opens up new research protocols for utilization of anisotropic nanoparticles under vortex flow, which increases the feasibility of protein capture and non-specific proteins removal for biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhe Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dong June Ahn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Ma W, Li J, Li X, Bai Y, Liu H. Nanostructured Substrates as Matrices for Surface Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry: A Progress Report from Material Research to Biomedical Applications. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100762. [PMID: 34927930 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Within the past two decades, the escalation of research output in nanotechnology fields has boosted the development of novel nanoparticles and nanostructured substrates for use as matrices in surface assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS). The application of nanomaterials as matrices, rather than organic matrices, offers remarkable characteristics that allow the analysis of small molecules with fewer matrix interfering peaks, and share higher detection sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. The technological advancement of SALDI-MS has in turn, propelled the application of the analytical technique in the field of biomedical analysis. In this review, the properties and fabrication methods of nanostructured substrates in SALDI-MS such as metallic-, carbon-, and silicon-based nanostructures, quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent-organic frameworks are described. Additionally, the latest progress (most within 5 years) of biomedical applications in small molecule, large biomolecule, and MS imaging analysis including metabolite profiling, drug monitoring, bacteria identification, disease diagnosis, and therapeutic evaluation are demonstrated. Key parameters that govern nanomaterial's SALDI efficiency in biomolecule analysis are also discussed. Finally, perspectives of the future development are given to provide a better advancement and promote practical application in clinical MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xianjiang Li
- Division of Metrology in Chemistry, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Kailasa SK, Wu HF. Nanomaterial-based miniaturized extraction and preconcentration techniques coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for assaying biomolecules. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Kailasa SK, Mehta VN, Wu HF. Recent developments of liquid-phase microextraction techniques directly combined with ESI- and MALDI-mass spectrometric techniques for organic and biomolecule assays. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47347c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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6
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Kailasa SK, Cheng KH, Wu HF. Semiconductor Nanomaterials-Based Fluorescence Spectroscopic and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometric Approaches to Proteome Analysis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 6:5763-5795. [PMID: 28788422 PMCID: PMC5452753 DOI: 10.3390/ma6125763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) or nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit very unusual physico-chemcial and optical properties. This review article introduces the applications of semiconductor nanomaterials (NMs) in fluorescence spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for biomolecule analysis. Due to their unique physico-chemical and optical properties, semiconductors NMs have created many new platforms for investigating biomolecular structures and information in modern biology. These semiconductor NMs served as effective fluorescent probes for sensing proteins and cells and acted as affinity or concentrating probes for enriching peptides, proteins and bacteria proteins prior to MALDI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar Kailasa
- Department of Chemistry, S. V. National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, India.
| | - Kuang-Hung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 806, Taiwan.
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Wu HF, Gopal J, Abdelhamid HN, Hasan N. Quantum dot applications endowing novelty to analytical proteomics. Proteomics 2013; 12:2949-61. [PMID: 22930415 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review surveys all the state-of-art applications of quantum dots (QDs) in conventional and modern analytical methods in proteomic studies. A brief introduction of QDs and their properties is initially presented followed by outlining the application of QDs in fluorescence, MS, imaging, and cancer-based proteomics. The in-depth application of QDs in MALDI-MS and surface assisted laser desorption/ionization-MS has been elaborately discussed, summarizing the speculated mechanism behind the protein-QDs interactions during QD matrix applications leading to enhanced detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Evaluating the potential nonthermal microwave effects of microwave-assisted proteolytic reactions. J Proteomics 2013; 80:160-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Nizioł J, Rode W, Laskowska B, Ruman T. Novel Monoisotopic 109AgNPET for Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:1926-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303770y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Nizioł
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory,
Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Avenue, 35-959 Rzeszów,
Poland
| | - Wojciech Rode
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw,
Poland
| | - Barbara Laskowska
- The State Higher School of Technology and Economics, 16 Czarnieckiego
Street, 37-500 Jarosław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ruman
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory,
Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Avenue, 35-959 Rzeszów,
Poland
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Fu S, Sun Q, Li D, Dong M, Liu S, Huang C. A Novel One-Pot Synthesis of UV-Blue ZnSe Nanocrystals in Aqueous Solution. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Kim YK, Min DH. Fabrication of alternating multilayer films of graphene oxide and carbon nanotube and its application in mechanistic study of laser desorption/ionization of small molecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:2088-2095. [PMID: 22435538 DOI: 10.1021/am300054z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) have been actively explored as matrix for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) in place of conventional organic matrix. Recently, the GO/MWCNT double layer films on a solid substrate showed excellent applicability in small molecule analysis, enzyme activity assay and tissue imaging. In the present study, LDI processes of small molecules on multilayers of alternating MWCNT and GO hybrid films were thoroughly investigated. We found that the LDI efficiency of small molecules was affected by thickness, assembly sequence and surface roughness of the hybrid films that were controlled by varying the number of layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly cycles. The study would provide useful basic information to develop an efficient LDI-MS platform based on carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Ethiraj AS, Wua HF, Gopal J. Synthesis and Characterization of Ultrasmall Thioglycerol Modified ZnS Quantum Dots. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Liu CW, Chien MW, Chen GF, Chen SY, Yu CS, Liao MY, Lai CC. Quantum Dot Enhancement of Peptide Detection by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6593-600. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201016c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wei Chien
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Feng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Sheng Yu
- Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yuan Liao
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu HF, Chung FT. 3-Mercaptopropionic acid modified ZnSe quantum dots as the matrix for direct surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analysis of peptides/proteins from sodium salt solution. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:1779-1786. [PMID: 21598338 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a strategy of using zinc selenium quantum dots (ZnSe QDs) modified with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) as the matrix for direct analysis of peptides and proteins from sodium salt solution in surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS). The enhancement of detection sensitivity for these biomolecules was due to the adsorption of positively charged peptides or proteins onto the surfaces of negatively charged ZnSe-3MPA QDs via electrostatic interactions resulting in an increase in ionization efficiency for sodium adduct ions ([M+Na](+)). The applicability of the current approach was demonstrated for a variety of peptides, including leucine-enkephalin, methione-enkephalin, HW6, substance P and angiotensin II, and proteins (cytochrome c, myoglobin and lysozyme). Signal intensities of these peptides or proteins can be enhanced by 25-95 times compared with those obtained by LDI-MS in the absence of ZnSe-3MPA QDs. Applying ZnSe-3MPA QDs to serve as the matrix in SALDI-MS is a simple and effective approach for direct analysis of peptide and protein molecules from sodium salt solution without any pretreatment as the peptides and proteins can be successfully detected as sodium adduct ions ([M+Na](+)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat‐Sen University, 70 Lien‐Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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15
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Shrivas K, Agrawal K, Wu HF. Application of platinum nanoparticles as affinity probe and matrix for direct analysis of small biomolecules and microwave digested proteins using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2011; 136:2852-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15211d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Hasan N, Wu HF, Li YH, Nawaz M. Two-step on-particle ionization/enrichment via a washing- and separation-free approach: multifunctional TiO2 nanoparticles as desalting, accelerating, and affinity probes for microwave-assisted tryptic digestion of phosphoproteins in ESI-MS and MALDI-MS: comparison with microscale TiO2. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 396:2909-19. [PMID: 20232060 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a simplified sample preparation method using bare TiO(2) nanoparticles (NPs) to serve as multifunctional nanoprobes (desalting, accelerating, and affinity probes) for effective enrichment of phosphopeptides from microwave-assisted tryptic digestion of phosphoproteins (alpha-casein, beta-casein and milk) in Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The results demonstrate that TiO(2) NPs can effectively enrich and accelerate the digestion reactions of phosphoproteins in aqueous solutions and also from complex real samples. After the microwave experiments, we directly injected the resulting solutions into the ESI-MS and MALDI-MS systems for analysis, and excellent sensitivity was achieved without the need for any washing procedure or separation process. The reasons are attributed to the high binding affinity and selectivity of TiO(2) NPs toward phosphopeptides. Thus, phosphopeptides can be adsorbed onto the TiO(2) NP surface. The digested or partially digested phosphoproteins can be concentrated onto the TiO(2) NP surface. This results in the effective or complete digestion of phosphoproteins in a short period of time (45 s). In addition, high sensitivity and sequence coverage of phosphopeptide can be obtained using TiO(2) NPs as microwave absorbers and affinity probes in MALDI-MS and ESI-MS. This is due to the photocatalytic nature of the TiO(2) NPs because the absorption of microwave radiation that can accelerate the activation of trypsin for efficient digestion of phosphoproteins and enhances the ionization of phosphopeptides. The lowest concentrations detected for ESI-MS and MALDI-MS were 0.1 microM and 10 fmol, respectively, for alpha-casein. Comparing the two-step approach of TiO(2) NPs with microscale TiO(2) particles, the microscale TiO(2) particles shows no effect on the microwave-assisted tryptic digestion of phosphoproteins. The current approach offers multiple advantages, such as great simplicity, high sensitivity and selectivity, straightforward and separation/washing-free technique for phosphopeptide enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70, Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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ARAKAWA R, KAWASAKI H. Functionalized Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Surfaces for Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2010; 26:1229-40. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.26.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi ARAKAWA
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University
| | - Hideya KAWASAKI
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University
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Kailasa SK, Wu HF. Interference free detection for small molecules: Probing the Mn2+-doped effect and cysteine capped effect on the ZnS nanoparticles for coccidiostats and peptide analysis in SALDI-TOF MS. Analyst 2010; 135:1115-23. [DOI: 10.1039/b919359f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shrivas K, Kailasa SK, Wu HF. Quantum dots-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: 3-mercaptopropanic acid capped CdS quantum dots as accelerating and enrichment probes for microwave tryptic digestion of proteins. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:3603-3607. [PMID: 19844973 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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