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Duda M, Oszajca M, Łasocha W. Non‐invasive surface analysis of ancient bronze arrowheads with scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray powder diffractometry. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Duda
- Faculty of Chemistry Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
| | - Marcin Oszajca
- Faculty of Chemistry Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
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Synergistic Inhibition Effect of Chitosan and L-Cysteine for the Protection of Copper-Based Alloys against Atmospheric Chloride-Induced Indoor Corrosion. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910321. [PMID: 34638662 PMCID: PMC8508862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The protection of metals from atmospheric corrosion is a task of primary importance for many applications and many different products have been used, sometimes being toxic and harmful for health and the environment. In order to overcome drawbacks due to toxicity of the corrosion inhibitors and harmful organic solvents and to ensure long-lasting protection, new organic compounds have been proposed and their corrosion inhibition properties have been investigated. In this work, we describe the use of a new environment-friendly anticorrosive coating that takes advantage of the synergism between an eco-friendly bio-polymer matrix and an amino acid. The corrosion inhibition of a largely used Copper-based (Cu-based) alloy against the chloride-induced indoor atmospheric attack was studied using chitosan (CH) as a biopolymer and l-Cysteine (Cy) as an amino acid. To evaluate the protective efficacy of the coatings, tailored accelerated corrosion tests were carried out on bare and coated Cu-based alloys, further, the nature of the protective film formed on the Cu-based alloy surface was analyzed by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) while the surface modifications due to the corrosion treatments were investigated by optical microscopy (OM). The evaluation tests reveal that the Chitosan/l-Cysteine (CH/Cy) coatings exhibit good anti-corrosion properties against chloride attack whose efficiency increases with a minimum amount of Cy of 0.25 mg/mL.
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Lucarelli C, Ferro D, Susanna F, de Caro T. Microchemical, structural and mineralogical study of ancient Moroccan pyrometallurgical remains and data sharing through the support of a QGIS software. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25155-25165. [PMID: 31020521 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mining areas of the Middle Atlas, already inhabited in the Neolithic period, have been under the influences of different cultures, firstly Phoenician, then Punic or Ibero-Punic, Berber, Roman and finally Islamic. The impact of external cultures on the evolution and development of ancient metallurgy in the north-central Atlas region and the Southern Rift occurred since prehistoric times to Arab domination in the Middle Ages. This study proposes the development of an up-to-date protocol for archaeometallurgical investigation, based on the correlation between the chemical-physical analysis of the pyrometallurgical materials and the contextual systematic geoarchaeological excavations. The microchemical analysis has been carried out on opportunely selected pyrometallurgical materials, coming from different mining areas of the Middle Atlas regions in Morocco (Tabarouch for Cu and Aouam for Pb/Ag) in order to understand the evolution of the technological knowledge in archaeometallurgical work of local people. After that, the analytical results have been included in a Geographic Information System (GIS) software with the aim of creating an easily usable database that will support multidisciplinary research on the ancient metallurgical activities also with its future development and implementation. The GIS application could indeed correlate all the data coming from different extraction/work sites, present in the exploited mining veins. Furthermore, the GIS application is a starting point for an integrated study of the different mining archaeological sites in the Mediterranean basin proposing an innovative method of data exchange of archaeological, physical and geological chemical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lucarelli
- University of Siena, Via Banchi di Sotto 55, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Daniela Ferro
- ICVBC-CNR, Montelibretti, via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Susanna
- Université de Neuchatel, Av. Du 1er Mars, 26, 2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Tilde de Caro
- ISMN-CNR, Montelibretti, via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Chelazzi D, Bordes R, Giorgi R, Holmberg K, Baglioni P. The use of surfactants in the cleaning of works of art. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ingo GM, Riccucci C, Guida G, Albini M, Giuliani C, Di Carlo G. Rebuilding of the Burial Environment from the Chemical Biography of Archeological Copper-Based Artifacts. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11103-11111. [PMID: 31460208 PMCID: PMC6648805 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The long-term interaction between Cu-based alloys and environmental species gives rise to the formation of different and sometimes unusual compounds (i.e., the patina) with distinctive chemical and structural features as a function of the peculiar characteristics of the context. In this paper, we describe some representative case studies concerning degraded bronze Roman valuable or common use objects, and we show that an attentive study at a microscale level, as for forensic analysis, allows one to understand the chemical processes that underlie the formation of the surface alteration products. The achieved information describe fragments of chemical life and disclose the complex chemical changes suffered by the artifacts, allowing one to write their chemical biography. This challenging approach expands the panorama of available information and demonstrates that it is possible to reconstruct the different modes through which the bronze surfaces and interfaces have interacted with environmental species, organic matter, and microorganisms, opening up a new possibility to describe complex environmental chemical stories, in certain cases interrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M. Ingo
- Institute
for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, via Salaria km 29.3, Rome 1 Research Area-Montelibretti, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Riccucci
- Institute
for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, via Salaria km 29.3, Rome 1 Research Area-Montelibretti, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Guida
- Istituto
Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro, 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Albini
- Institute
for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, via Salaria km 29.3, Rome 1 Research Area-Montelibretti, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Giuliani
- Institute
for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, via Salaria km 29.3, Rome 1 Research Area-Montelibretti, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Carlo
- Institute
for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, via Salaria km 29.3, Rome 1 Research Area-Montelibretti, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
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Faraldi F, Angelini E, Mezzi A, Riccucci C, de Caro T, Di Carlo G. Surface studies of environmental reactive species during exhibition or storage of ancient Ag-based artefacts. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Faraldi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology; Polytechnic of Turin; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy
| | - E. Angelini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology; Polytechnic of Turin; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy
| | - A. Mezzi
- Institute for the Study of Nano-structured Materials-CNR; 00016 Monterotondo Scalo Rome Italy
| | - C. Riccucci
- Institute for the Study of Nano-structured Materials-CNR; 00016 Monterotondo Scalo Rome Italy
| | - T. de Caro
- Institute for the Study of Nano-structured Materials-CNR; 00016 Monterotondo Scalo Rome Italy
| | - G. Di Carlo
- Institute for the Study of Nano-structured Materials-CNR; 00016 Monterotondo Scalo Rome Italy
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Ingo GM, Guida G, Angelini E, Di Carlo G, Mezzi A, Padeletti G. Ancient mercury-based plating methods: combined use of surface analytical techniques for the study of manufacturing process and degradation phenomena. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:2365-75. [PMID: 23829823 DOI: 10.1021/ar300232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fire gilding and silvering are age-old mercury-based processes used to coat thesurface of less precious substrates with thin layers of gold or silver. In ancient times, these methods were used to produce and decorate different types of artefacts, such as jewels, statues, amulets, and commonly-used objects. Gilders performed these processes not only to decorate objects but also to simulate the appearance of gold or silver, sometimes fraudulently. From a technological point of view, the aim of these workmen over 2000 years ago was to make the precious metal coatings as thin and adherent as possible. This was in order to save expensive metals and to improve the resistance to the wear caused by continued use and circulation. Without knowledge about the chemical-physical processes, the ancient crafts-men systematically manipulated these metals to create functional and decorative artistic objects. The mercury-based methods were also fraudulently used in ancient times to produce objects such as jewels and coins that looked like they were made of silver or gold but actually had a less precious core. These coins were minted by counterfeiters but also by the official issuing authorities. The latter was probably because of a lack of precious metals, reflecting periods of severe economic conditions. In this Account, we discuss some representative cases of gold- and silver-coatedobjects, focusing on unique and valuable Roman and Dark Ages period works of art, such as the St. Ambrogio's altar (825 AD), and commonly used objects. We carried out the investigations using surface analytical methods, such as selected area X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. We used these methods to investigate the surface and subsurface chemical features of these important examples of art and technology, interpreting some aspects of the manufacturing methods and of disclosing degradation agents and mechanisms. These findings may contribute to cultural heritage preservation, thus extending the applicability of the surface analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Maria Ingo
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca RM 1-Montelibretti, via Salaria Km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Guida
- Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro, via di San Michele 23, 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Angelini
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Carlo
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca RM 1-Montelibretti, via Salaria Km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Mezzi
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca RM 1-Montelibretti, via Salaria Km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Padeletti
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area della Ricerca RM 1-Montelibretti, via Salaria Km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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Mezzi A, de Caro T, Riccucci C, Parisi EI, Faraldi F, Vassiliou P, Grassini S. Analytical methodologies for the investigation of soil-induced degradation of Cu-based archaeological artefacts. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.4803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mezzi
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR; Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; via Salaria Km 29.3 00015 Monterotondo Rome Italy
| | - T. de Caro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR; Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; via Salaria Km 29.3 00015 Monterotondo Rome Italy
| | - C. Riccucci
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR; Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; via Salaria Km 29.3 00015 Monterotondo Rome Italy
| | - E. I. Parisi
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR; Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; via Salaria Km 29.3 00015 Monterotondo Rome Italy
| | - F. Faraldi
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - P. Vassiliou
- National Technical University of Athens; Iroon Polytechneiou 9 15780 Athens Greece
| | - S. Grassini
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
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Mezzi A, De Caro T, Riccucci C, Angelini E, Faraldi F, Grassini S. Micro-chemical surface investigation of brittle carthaginian and roman silver artefacts. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.4845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mezzi
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR; Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; via Salaria km 29.3; 00015; Rome; Monterotondo; Italy
| | - T. De Caro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR; Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; via Salaria km 29.3; 00015; Rome; Monterotondo; Italy
| | - C. Riccucci
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-CNR; Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; via Salaria km 29.3; 00015; Rome; Monterotondo; Italy
| | - E. Angelini
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24; Torino; Italy
| | - F. Faraldi
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24; Torino; Italy
| | - S. Grassini
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24; Torino; Italy
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Mezzi A, Angelini E, De Caro T, Grassini S, Faraldi F, Riccucci C, Ingo GM. Investigation of the benzotriazole inhibition mechanism of bronze disease. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mezzi
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials; CNR, Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; Via Salaria km 29.3 Monterotondo Rome 00015 Italy
| | - E. Angelini
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino Italy
| | - T. De Caro
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials; CNR, Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; Via Salaria km 29.3 Monterotondo Rome 00015 Italy
| | - S. Grassini
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino Italy
| | - F. Faraldi
- Dipartimento Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino Italy
| | - C. Riccucci
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials; CNR, Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; Via Salaria km 29.3 Monterotondo Rome 00015 Italy
| | - G. M. Ingo
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials; CNR, Area della Ricerca RM1-Montelibretti; Via Salaria km 29.3 Monterotondo Rome 00015 Italy
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Angelini E, Grassini S, Parvis M, Zucchi F. An in situ investigation of the corrosion behaviour of a weathering steel work of art. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Angelini
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Politecnico di Torino; 10129; Torino; Italy
| | - S. Grassini
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Politecnico di Torino; 10129; Torino; Italy
| | - M. Parvis
- Department of Electronics; Politecnico di Torino; 10129; Torino; Italy
| | - F. Zucchi
- Corrosion Study Center ‘A. Daccò’; TekneHub, Università di Ferrara; 44100; Ferrara; Italy
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Vaníčková J, Děd J, Bartuška P, Drahokoupil J, Čerňanský M, Lejček P. Analysis of grain boundaries in an embrittled ancient silver necklace. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Casaletto MP, Chiozzini G, De Caro T, Ingo GM. A multi-analytical investigation on medieval pottery from Caltagirone (Sicily, Italy). SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Paparazzo E. Recovering the past from surfaces and interfaces: experimental and cultural issues. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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