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The Effect of the Topmost Layer and the Type of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Immobilization on the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169287. [PMID: 36012551 PMCID: PMC9408842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) plays a key role in the stem cell response, not only via its influence on osteogenesis, but also on cellular adhesion, migration, and proliferation. However, when applied clinically, its supra-physiological levels cause many adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need to concomitantly retain the biological activity of BMP-2 and reduce its doses. Currently, the most promising strategies involve site-specific and site-directed immobilization of rhBMP-2. This work investigated the covalent and electrostatic binding of rhBMP-2 to ultrathin-multilayers with chondroitin sulfate (CS) or diazoresin (DR) as the topmost layer. Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study the exposed chemical groups. The rhBMP-2 binding efficiency and protein state were studied with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Quartz crystal microbalance, atomic force microscopy, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to analyze protein–substrate interactions. The effect of the topmost layer was tested on initial cell adhesion and short-term osteogenesis marker expression. The results show the highest expression of selected osteomarkers in cells cultured on the DR-ended layer, while the cellular flattening was rather poor compared to the CS-ended system. rhBMP-2 adhesion was observed only on negatively charged layers. Cell flattening became more prominent in the presence of the protein, even though the osteogenic gene expression decreased.
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Liu X, Meng J, Zhu J, Huang M, Wen B, Guo R, Mai L. Comprehensive Understandings into Complete Reconstruction of Precatalysts: Synthesis, Applications, and Characterizations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007344. [PMID: 34050565 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Reconstruction induced by external environment (such as applied voltage bias and test electrolytes) changes catalyst component and catalytic behaviors. Investigations of complete reconstruction in energy conversion recently receive intensive attention, which promote the targeted design of top-performance materials with maximum component utilization and good stability. However, the advantages of complete reconstruction, its design strategies, and extensive applications have not achieved the profound understandings and summaries it deserves. Here, this review systematically summarizes several important advances in complete reconstruction for the first time, which includes 1) fundamental understandings of complete reconstruction, the characteristics and advantages of completely reconstructed catalysts, and their design principles, 2) types of reconstruction-involved precatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction catalysis in wide pH solution, and origins of limited reconstruction degree as well as design strategies/principles toward complete reconstruction, 3) complete reconstruction for novel material synthesis and other electrocatalysis fields, and 4) advanced in situ/operando or multiangle/level characterization techniques to capture the dynamic reconstruction processes and real catalytic contributors. Finally, the existing major challenges and unexplored/unsolved issues on studying the reconstruction chemistry are summarized, and an outlook for the further development of complete reconstruction is briefly proposed. This review will arouse the attention on complete reconstruction materials and their applications in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiashen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiexin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ruiting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
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Lyu Y, Zheng J, Xiao Z, Zhao S, Jiang SP, Wang S. Identifying the Intrinsic Relationship between the Restructured Oxide Layer and Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance on the Cobalt Pnictide Catalyst. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906867. [PMID: 32162756 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt pnictides show good catalytic activity and stability on oxygen evolution reaction (OER) behaviors in a strong alkaline solution. Identifying the intrinsic composition/structure-property relationship of the oxide layer on the cobalt pnictides is critical to design better and cheaper electrocatalysts for the commercial viability of OER technologies. In this work, the restructured oxide layer on the cobalt pnictides and its effect on the activity and mechanism for OER is systematically analyzed. In-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra indicate that a higher OER performance of cobalt pnictides than Co3 O4 is attributed to the more structural disorder and oxygen defect sites in the cobalt oxide layer evolved from cobalt pnictides. Using angle resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) further demonstrates that the oxygen defect sites mainly concentrate on the subsurface of cobalt oxide layer. The current study demonstrated promising opportunities for further enhancing the OER performance of cobalt-based electrocatalysts by controlling the subsurface defects of the restructured active layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
- Department of Educational Science, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Jianyun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaohui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Shiyong Zhao
- Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering and Fuels and Energy Technology Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
| | - San Ping Jiang
- Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering and Fuels and Energy Technology Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
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