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Sharma H, Kakkar R, Bishnoi S, Daisy Milton M. Synthesis of acceptor-donor-acceptor based phenothiazine-5-oxide aldehydes displaying large Stokes shift- “on-off-on” acidofluorochromic switch and molecular logic gate operation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Misra R, Yadav IS. Phenothiazine and phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide based push-pull Derivatives: Synthesis, photophysical, electrochemical and computational Studies. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03089f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A set of phenothiazine (PTZ) and phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide based π-conjugated push–pull chromophores PTZ 1–6 were designed and synthesized by the Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling and [2+2] cycloaddition retroelectrocyclic ring opening reaction in...
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Sachdeva T, Milton MD. Novel push-pull based phenothiazine-benzothiazole derivatives integrated with molecular logic gate operation for reversible volatile acid detection. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
Smart materials displaying changes in color and optical properties in response
to acid stimuli are known as acidochromic materials. The recent progress and emerging
trends in the field of smart organic materials with acidochromic properties, reported in the
last seven years, are presented herein. The molecular design of acidochromic organic materials,
the origin of the chromic and fluorochromic response to acid stimuli, and related
mechanisms are also discussed. Materials and systems covered in the review are divided
according to the presence of basic moiety undergoing reversible protonation/
deprotonation, such as pyridine, quinoline, quinoxaline, azole, amine derivatives, etc.,
in the molecules. Many donor-acceptor molecules displaying acidochromic behavior are
cited. Alterations in visual color change and optical properties supporting acidochromism
are discussed for each example. Mechanistic studies based on the theoretical calculations,
single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and powder pattern diffraction analysis are also discussed here. The
application of these acidochromic molecules as acid-base switches, sensor films, self-erasable and rewritable
media, data security inks, data encryption, molecular logic gates, etc., are also reported. Thus, this review article
aims at giving an insight into the design, characterization, mechanism, and applications of organic acidochromic
materials, which will guide the researchers in designing and fine-tuning new acidochromic materials
for desired applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha Sachdeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Shalu Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
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Sachdeva T, Milton MD. Fluorescent dyes for moisture detection in organic solvents: Push-pull based phenothiazine aldehydes with large Stokes shifts. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Al-Zahrani FAM, Alzahrani KA, El-Shishtawy RM, Abu Mellah K, Al-Soliemy AM, Asiri AM. Synthesis, photophysical properties, and density functional theory studies of phenothiazine festooned vinylcyclohexenyl-malononitrile. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 35:998-1009. [PMID: 32196947 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A novel phenothiazine derivative conjugated with vinylcyclohexenyl-malononitrile (PTZ-CDN) was synthesized through the Knoevenagel reaction of 10-octyl-10H-phenothiazine-3,7-dicarbaldehyde with 2-(3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene)-malononitrile and fully characterized. The UV-vis absorption spectra of PTZ-CDN in different solvents showed a λmax band at 497-531 nm with a high molar extinction coefficient attributed to intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) with the characteristics of a π-π* transition. Increasing the solvent polarity resulted in a bathochromic shift of λmax . The PTZ-CDN fluorescence emission spectra were more sensitive to increasing the solvent polarity than the absorption spectra; they displayed a blue shift of λem by 85 nm. To understand the behaviour of the PTZ-CDN derivative, Stokes' shift ( Δ ν ¯ ) with respect to the solvent polarity, Lippert-Mataga and linear solvation-energy relationship (LSER) models were applied in which the LSER showed better regression than the Lippert-Mataga plots (r2 = 0.9627). Finally, the TD-density functional theory (DFT) electronic transition spectra in dioxane and dimethyl formamide (DMF) were calculated. The DFT data showed that λmax resulted from the support of the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital transition with 74% and 99% in dioxane and DMF, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah A M Al-Zahrani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ahmed Alzahrani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda M El-Shishtawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Dyeing, Printing and Textile Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khloud Abu Mellah
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amerah M Al-Soliemy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Chaudhary S, Mukherjee M, Paul TK, Bishnoi S, Taraphder S, Milton MD. Novel Phenothiazine‐
5
‐oxide Based Push‐Pull Molecules: Synthesis and Fine‐Tuning of Electronic, Optical and Thermal Properties. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Madhubani Mukherjee
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Tanmoy K. Paul
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Swati Bishnoi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Delhi Delhi 110 007 India
| | - Srabani Taraphder
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India
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Gupta S, Milton MD. Synthesis of novel AIEE active pyridopyrazines and their applications as chromogenic and fluorogenic probes for Hg2+ detection in aqueous media. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04573e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of AIEE active novel pyridopyrazine derivatives showing selective and sensitive detection of Hg2+ in aqueous media is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110007
- India
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Sachdeva T, Bishnoi S, Milton MD. Multi-Stimuli Response Displaying Novel Phenothiazine-Based Non-Planar D-π-A Hydrazones: Synthesis, Characterization, Photophysical and Thermal studies. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha Sachdeva
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007 India
| | - Swati Bishnoi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007 India
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