Copper‐Catalyzed Sonogashira‐Cross‐Coupling of Phenols Using Dichloroimidazolidinedione

DCID-mediated esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols under mild conditions

DCID (Dichloroimidazolidinedione) 2 is used as a novel coupling reagent for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols at room temperature. The reaction represents the first DCID-promoted esterification under mild conditions with good to excellent yields. Reactions can proceed smoothly with those bearing electron-withdrawing and donating group(s) on the carboxylic acids and benzyl alcohols at ambient temperature. Furthermore, we proposed a plausible mechanism and confirmed it by isolating and characterizing intermediates 3a and 7. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by comparison of melting points and NMR spectra.

Copper-catalyzed Sonogashira reactions: advances and perspectives since 2014

Transition metal catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction has evolved as an efficient pathway for the construction of C-C bonds. Initially, palladium cooperating with copper was considered as the efficient catalytic system for this reaction. However, nowadays there have been astonishing progress in copper catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions. Copper catalyzed reactions have attained significant attention owing to the cost effective and environmentally benign characteristics of this metal compared to palladium. This review summarizes the recent developments in copper catalyzed Sonogashira coupling covering literature from 2014 to 2021.

DCID-Mediated Heck Cross-Coupling of Phenols via C-O Bond activation

In this work a Palladium-catalyzed Heck cross-coupling of phenols using dichloroimidazolidinedione (DCID) as new reagent for the activation of C-O bond has been developed for the first time. Substituted phenols...