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Yokoyama T, Kobayashi Y, Arai N, Nikoubashman A. Aggregation of amphiphilic nanocubes in equilibrium and under shear. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6480-6489. [PMID: 37575055 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00671a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the self-assembly of amphiphilic nanocubes into finite-sized aggregates in equilibrium and under shear, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) calculations. These patchy nanoparticles combine both interaction and shape anisotropy, making them valuable models for studying folded proteins and DNA-functionalized nanoparticles. The nanocubes can self-assemble into various finite-sized aggregates ranging from rods to self-avoiding random walks, depending on the number and placement of the hydrophobic faces. Our study focuses on suspensions containing multi- and one-patch cubes, with their ratio systematically varied. When the binding energy is comparable to the thermal energy, the aggregates consist of only few cubes that spontaneously associate/dissociate. However, highly stable aggregates emerge when the binding energy exceeds the thermal energy. Generally, the mean aggregation number of the self-assembled clusters increases with the number of hydrophobic faces and decreases with increasing fraction of one-patch cubes. In sheared suspensions, the more frequent collisions between nanocube clusters lead to faster aggregation dynamics but also to smaller terminal steady-state mean cluster sizes. The results from the MD and KMC simulations are in excellent agreement for all investigated two-patch cases, whereas the three-patch cubes form systematically smaller clusters in the MD simulations compared to the KMC calculations due to finite-size effects and slow aggregation kinetics. By analyzing the rate kernels, we are able to identify the primary mechanisms responsible for (shear-induced) cluster growth and breakup. This understanding allows us to tune nanoparticle and process parameters to achieve desired cluster sizes and shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 223-8522 Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Yusei Kobayashi
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Arai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 223-8522 Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Arash Nikoubashman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 223-8522 Yokohama, Japan.
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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2
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Wintersinger CM, Minev D, Ershova A, Sasaki HM, Gowri G, Berengut JF, Corea-Dilbert FE, Yin P, Shih WM. Multi-micron crisscross structures grown from DNA-origami slats. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:281-289. [PMID: 36543881 PMCID: PMC10818227 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Living systems achieve robust self-assembly across a wide range of length scales. In the synthetic realm, nanofabrication strategies such as DNA origami have enabled robust self-assembly of submicron-scale shapes from a multitude of single-stranded components. To achieve greater complexity, subsequent hierarchical joining of origami can be pursued. However, erroneous and missing linkages restrict the number of unique origami that can be practically combined into a single design. Here we extend crisscross polymerization, a strategy previously demonstrated with single-stranded components, to DNA-origami 'slats' for fabrication of custom multi-micron shapes with user-defined nanoscale surface patterning. Using a library of ~2,000 strands that are combinatorially arranged to create unique DNA-origami slats, we realize finite structures composed of >1,000 uniquely addressable slats, with a mass exceeding 5 GDa, lateral dimensions of roughly 2 µm and a multitude of periodic structures. Robust production of target crisscross structures is enabled through strict control over initiation, rapid growth and minimal premature termination, and highly orthogonal binding specificities. Thus crisscross growth provides a route for prototyping and scalable production of structures integrating thousands of unique components (that is, origami slats) that each is sophisticated and molecularly precise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Wintersinger
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dionis Minev
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anastasia Ershova
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroshi M Sasaki
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- 10x Genomics, Inc., Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Gokul Gowri
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan F Berengut
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- EMBL Australia Node for Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F Eduardo Corea-Dilbert
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Peng Yin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William M Shih
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Saurabh A, Niekamp S, Sgouralis I, Pressé S. Modeling Non-additive Effects in Neighboring Chemically Identical Fluorophores. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01889. [PMID: 35649158 PMCID: PMC9712593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative fluorescence analysis is often used to derive chemical properties, including stoichiometries, of biomolecular complexes. One fundamental underlying assumption in the analysis of fluorescence data─whether it be the determination of protein complex stoichiometry by super-resolution, or step-counting by photobleaching, or the determination of RNA counts in diffraction-limited spots in RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH) experiments─is that fluorophores behave identically and do not interact. However, recent experiments on fluorophore-labeled DNA origami structures such as fluorocubes have shed light on the nature of the interactions between identical fluorophores as these are brought closer together, thereby raising questions on the validity of the modeling assumption that fluorophores do not interact. Here, we analyze photon arrival data under pulsed illumination from fluorocubes where distances between dyes range from 2 to 10 nm. We discuss the implications of non-additivity of brightness on quantitative fluorescence analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Saurabh
- Center for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Stefan Niekamp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Ioannis Sgouralis
- Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Steve Pressé
- Center for Biological Physics, Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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4
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Rajwar A, Kharbanda S, Chandrasekaran AR, Gupta S, Bhatia D. Designer, Programmable 3D DNA Nanodevices to Probe Biological Systems. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7265-7277. [PMID: 35019470 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology is a unique field that provides simple yet robust design techniques for self-assembling nanoarchitectures with extremely high potential for biomedical applications. Though the field began to exploit DNA to build various nanoscale structures, it has now taken a different path, diverging from the creation of complex structures to functional DNA nanodevices that explore various biological systems and mechanisms. Here, we present a brief overview of DNA nanotechnology, summarizing the key strategies for construction of various DNA nanodevices, with special focus on three-dimensional (3D) nanocages or polyhedras. We then discuss biological applications of 3D DNA nanocages, particularly tetrahedral DNA cages, in their ability to program and modulate cellular systems, in biosensing, and as tools for targeted therapeutics. We conclude with a final discussion on challenges and perspectives of 3D DNA nanodevices in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Rajwar
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sumit Kharbanda
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Sharad Gupta
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
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A 6-nm ultra-photostable DNA FluoroCube for fluorescence imaging. Nat Methods 2020; 17:437-441. [PMID: 32203385 PMCID: PMC7138518 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-0782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Photobleaching limits extended imaging of fluorescent biological samples. Here, we developed DNA based “FluoroCubes” that are similar in size to the green fluorescent protein (GFP), have single-point attachment to proteins, have a ~54-fold higher photobleaching lifetime and emit ~43-fold more photons than single organic dyes. We demonstrate that DNA FluoroCubes provide outstanding tools for single-molecule imaging, allowing the tracking of single motor proteins for >800 steps with nanometer precision.
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Pujals S, Feiner-Gracia N, Delcanale P, Voets I, Albertazzi L. Super-resolution microscopy as a powerful tool to study complex synthetic materials. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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7
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Boron-Implanted Silicon Substrates for Physical Adsorption of DNA Origami. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092513. [PMID: 30149587 PMCID: PMC6165417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA nanostructures routinely self-assemble with sub-10 nm feature sizes. This capability has created industry interest in using DNA as a lithographic mask, yet with few exceptions, solution-based deposition of DNA nanostructures has remained primarily academic to date. En route to controlled adsorption of DNA patterns onto manufactured substrates, deposition and placement of DNA origami has been demonstrated on chemically functionalized silicon substrates. While compelling, chemical functionalization adds fabrication complexity that limits mask efficiency and hence industry adoption. As an alternative, we developed an ion implantation process that tailors the surface potential of silicon substrates to facilitate adsorption of DNA nanostructures without the need for chemical functionalization. Industry standard 300 mm silicon wafers were processed, and we showed controlled adsorption of DNA origami onto boron-implanted silicon patterns; selective to a surrounding silicon oxide matrix. The hydrophilic substrate achieves very high surface selectivity by exploiting pH-dependent protonation of silanol-groups on silicon dioxide (SiO₂), across a range of solution pH values and magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) buffer concentrations.
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Fonseca P, Romano F, Schreck JS, Ouldridge TE, Doye JPK, Louis AA. Multi-scale coarse-graining for the study of assembly pathways in DNA-brick self-assembly. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:134910. [PMID: 29626893 DOI: 10.1063/1.5019344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by recent successes using single-stranded DNA tiles to produce complex structures, we develop a two-step coarse-graining approach that uses detailed thermodynamic calculations with oxDNA, a nucleotide-based model of DNA, to parametrize a coarser kinetic model that can reach the time and length scales needed to study the assembly mechanisms of these structures. We test the model by performing a detailed study of the assembly pathways for a two-dimensional target structure made up of 334 unique strands each of which are 42 nucleotides long. Without adjustable parameters, the model reproduces a critical temperature for the formation of the assembly that is close to the temperature at which assembly first occurs in experiments. Furthermore, the model allows us to investigate in detail the nucleation barriers and the distribution of critical nucleus shapes for the assembly of a single target structure. The assembly intermediates are compact and highly connected (although not maximally so), and classical nucleation theory provides a good fit to the height and shape of the nucleation barrier at temperatures close to where assembly first occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Fonseca
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | - Flavio Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - John S Schreck
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 W 120th St., New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Thomas E Ouldridge
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P K Doye
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ard A Louis
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
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9
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Wang D, Liu Q, Wu D, He B, Li J, Mao C, Wang G, Qian H. Isothermal Self-Assembly of Spermidine-DNA Nanostructure Complex as a Functional Platform for Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:15504-15516. [PMID: 29652478 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Programmable DNA nanostructure self-assembly offers great potentials in nanomedicine, drug delivery, biosensing, and bioimaging. However, due to the intrinsically negatively charged DNA backbones, the instability of DNA nanostructures in physiological settings poses serious challenges to their practical applications. To overcome this challenge, a strategy that combines the magnesium-free DNA self-assembly and functionalization is proposed in this study. We hypothesize that naturally abundant spermidine may not only mediate the self-assembly of DNA nanostructures, but also shield them from harsh physiological environments. As a proof of concept, a DNA nanoprism is designed and synthesized successfully through spermidine. It is found that spermidine can mediate the isothermal self-assembly of DNA nanoprisms. Compared to conventional Mg2+-assembled DNA nanostructures, the spermidine-DNA nanoprism complex shows higher thermal stability and better enzymatic resistance than Mg2+-assembled DNA nanoprisms, and more importantly, it has a much higher cellular uptake efficacy in multiple cancerous cell lines. The internalization mechanism is identified as clathrin-mediated endocytosis. To demonstrate the suitability of this new nanomaterial for biomedical applications, an mTOR siRNA, after being conjugated into the complex, is efficiently delivered into cancer cells and shows excellent gene knockdown efficacy and anticancer capability. These findings indicate that the spermidine-DNA complex nanomaterials might be a promising platform for biomedical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037 , China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037 , China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037 , China
| | - Binfeng He
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037 , China
| | - Jin Li
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037 , China
| | - Chengde Mao
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Guansong Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037 , China
| | - Hang Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037 , China
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Alvarez MM, Aizenberg J, Analoui M, Andrews AM, Bisker G, Boyden ES, Kamm RD, Karp JM, Mooney DJ, Oklu R, Peer D, Stolzoff M, Strano MS, Trujillo-de Santiago G, Webster TJ, Weiss PS, Khademhosseini A. Emerging Trends in Micro- and Nanoscale Technologies in Medicine: From Basic Discoveries to Translation. ACS NANO 2017; 11:5195-5214. [PMID: 28524668 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the state of the art and innovative micro- and nanoscale technologies that are finding niches and opening up new opportunities in medicine, particularly in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. We take the design of point-of-care applications and the capture of circulating tumor cells as illustrative examples of the integration of micro- and nanotechnologies into solutions of diagnostic challenges. We describe several novel nanotechnologies that enable imaging cellular structures and molecular events. In therapeutics, we describe the utilization of micro- and nanotechnologies in applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and pharmaceutical development/testing. In addition, we discuss relevant challenges that micro- and nanotechnologies face in achieving cost-effective and widespread clinical implementation as well as forecasted applications of micro- and nanotechnologies in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario M Alvarez
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey , Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnológico, CP 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mostafa Analoui
- UConn Venture Development and Incubation, UConn , Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David J Mooney
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic , Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | | | | | | | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey , Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnológico, CP 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325000, China
| | | | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University , Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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Schwarz RJ, Richert C. A four-helix bundle DNA nanostructure with binding pockets for pyrimidine nucleotides. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:7047-7054. [PMID: 28327725 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00094d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Designed DNA nanostructures of impressive size have been described, but designed structures of the size of protein enzymes that bind organic ligands with high specificity are rare. Here we report a four-helix motif consisting of three synthetic strands with 65 base pairs and 165 nucleotides in total that folds well. Furthermore, we show that in the interior of this small folded DNA nanostructure, cavities can be set up that bind pyrimidine nucleotides with micromolar affinity. Base-specific binding for both thymidine and cytidine derivatives is demonstrated. The binding affinity depends on the position in the structure, as expected for recognition beyond simple base pairing. The folding motif reported here can help to expand DNA nanotechnology into the realm of selective molecular recognition that is currently dominated by protein-based enzymes and receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Joachim Schwarz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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12
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Zhou F, Liu H. Direct Nanofabrication Using DNA Nanostructure. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1500:217-235. [PMID: 27813011 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6454-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in DNA nanotechnology make it possible to fabricate arbitrarily shaped 1D, 2D, and 3D DNA nanostructures through controlled folding and/or hierarchical assembly of up to several thousands of unique sequenced DNA strands. Both individual DNA nanostructures and their assembly can be made with almost arbitrarily shaped patterns at a theoretical resolution down to 2 nm. Furthermore, the deposition of DNA nanostructures on a substrate can be made with precise control of their location and orientation, making them ideal templates for bottom-up nanofabrication. However, many fabrication processes require harsh conditions, such as corrosive chemicals and high temperatures. It still remains a challenge to overcome the limited stability of DNA nanostructures during the fabrication process.This chapter focuses on the proof-of-principle study to directly convert the structural information of DNA nanostructure to various kinds of materials by nanofabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 201 Eberly Hall, Chevron Science Center, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 201 Eberly Hall, Chevron Science Center, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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Schlichthaerle T, Strauss MT, Schueder F, Woehrstein JB, Jungmann R. DNA nanotechnology and fluorescence applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 39:41-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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