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Tao W, Xu C, Gao P, Zhang K, Zhu X, Wu D, Chen J. Synthesis of core-shell silicon-carbon nanocomposites via in-situ molten salt-based reduction of rice husks: A promising approach for the manufacture of lithium-ion battery anodes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:902-911. [PMID: 38754143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) has gained substantial interest as a potential component of lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes due to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, conventional methods for producing Si for anodes involve expensive metal reductants and stringent reducing environments. This paper describes the development of a calcium hydride (CaH2)-aluminum chloride (AlCl3) reduction system that was used for the in-situ low-temperature synthesis of a core-shell structured silicon-carbon (Si-C) material from rice husks (RHs), and the material was denoted RHs-Si@C. Moreover, as an LIB anode, RHs-Si@C exhibited exceptional cycling performance, exemplified by 90.63 % capacity retention at 5 A g-1 over 2000 cycles. Furthermore, the CaH2-AlCl3 reduction system was employed to produce Si nanoparticles (Si NPs) from RHs (R-SiO2, where SiO2 is silica) and from commercial silica (C-SiO2). The R-SiO2-derived Si NPs exhibited a higher residual silicon oxides (SiOx) content than the C-SiO2-derived Si NPs. This was advantageous, as there was sufficient SiOx in the R-SiO2-derived Si NPs to mitigate the volumetric expansion typically associated with Si NPs, resulting in enhanced cycling performance. Impressively, Si NPs were fabricated on a kilogram scale from C-SiO2 in a yield of 82 %, underscoring the scalability of the low-temperature reduction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Tao
- Laboratory of Advanced Environmental & Energy Materials, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chengjie Xu
- Laboratory of Advanced Environmental & Energy Materials, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Laboratory of Advanced Environmental & Energy Materials, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Environmental & Energy Materials, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xuewen Zhu
- Laboratory of Advanced Environmental & Energy Materials, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent B9000, Belgium; Center for Green Chemistry and Environmental Technology (GREAT), Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jianqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Environmental & Energy Materials, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China; Suzhou Sineng Carbon-Silicon Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215228, China.
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Huang X, Lai G, Wei X, Liang J, Wu S, Ye KH, Chen C, Lin Z. Scalable Synthesis of SiO x-TiON Composite As an Ultrastable Anode for Li-Ion Half/Full Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26217-26225. [PMID: 38733352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Among various anode materials, SiOx is regarded as the next generation of promising anode due to its advantages of high theoretical capacity with 2680 mA h g-1, low lithium voltage platform, and rich natural resources. However, the pure SiOx-based materials have slow lithium storage kinetics attributed to their low electron/ion conductive properties and the large volume change during lithiation/delithiation, restricting their practical application. Optimizing the SiOx material structures and the fabricating methods to mitigate these fatal defects and adapt to the market demand for energy density is critical. Hence, SiOx material with TiO1-xNx phase modification has been prepared by simple, low-cost, and scalable ball milling and then combined with nitridation. Consequently, based on the TiO1-xNx modified layer, which boosts high ionic/electronic conductivity, chemical stability, and excellent mechanical properties, the SiOx@TON-10 electrode shows highly stable lithium-ion storage performance for lithium-ion half/full batteries due to a stable solid-electrolyte interface layer, fast Li+ transport channel, and alleviative volumetric expansion, further verifying its practical feasibility and universal applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhuan Huang
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guoyong Lai
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiujuan Wei
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Branch, Jieyang 515200, China
| | - Jingxi Liang
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuxing Wu
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kai-Hang Ye
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhan Lin
- Institute for Sustainable Transformation, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Branch, Jieyang 515200, China
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Zhang W, Gui S, Zhang Z, Li W, Wang X, Wei J, Tu S, Zhong L, Yang W, Ye H, Sun Y, Peng X, Huang J, Yang H. Tight Binding and Dual Encapsulation Enabled Stable Thick Silicon/Carbon Anode with Ultrahigh Volumetric Capacity for Lithium Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303864. [PMID: 37525330 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, how to mitigate its poor intrinsic conductivity and the lithiation/delithiation-induced large volume change and thus structural degradation of Si electrodes without compromising their energy density is critical for the practical application of Si in LIBs. Herein, an integration strategy is proposed for preparing a compact micron-sized Si@G/CNF@NC composite with a tight binding and dual-encapsulated architecture that can endow it with superior electrical conductivity and deformation resistance, contributing to excellent cycling stability and good rate performance in thick electrode. At an ultrahigh mass loading of 10.8 mg cm-2 , the Si@G/CNF@NC electrode also presents a large initial areal capacity of 16.7 mA h cm-2 (volumetric capacity of 2197.7 mA h cm-3 ). When paired with LiNi0.95 Co0.02 Mn0.03 O2 , the pouch-type full battery displays a highly competitive gravimetric (volumetric) energy density of ≈459.1 Wh kg-1 (≈1235.4 Wh L-1 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Siwei Gui
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wanming Li
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Junhong Wei
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Shuibin Tu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Linxin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Hongjun Ye
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xinwen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Jianyu Huang
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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Sun Q, Zeng G, Li J, Wang S, Botifoll M, Wang H, Li D, Ji F, Cheng J, Shao H, Tian Y, Arbiol J, Cabot A, Ci L. Is Soft Carbon a More Suitable Match for SiO x in Li-Ion Battery Anodes? SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302644. [PMID: 37144432 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon oxide (SiOx ), inheriting the high-capacity characteristic of silicon-based materials but possessing superior cycling stability, is a promising anode material for next-generation Li-ion batteries. SiOx is typically applied in combination with graphite (Gr), but the limited cycling durability of the SiOx /Gr composites curtails large-scale applications. In this work, this limited durability is demonstrated in part related to the presence of a bidirectional diffusion at the SiOx /Gr interface, which is driven by their intrinsic working potential differences and the concentration gradients. When Li on the Li-rich surface of SiOx is captured by Gr, the SiOx surface shrinks, hindering further lithiation. The use of soft carbon (SC) instead of Gr can prevent such instability is further demonstrated. The higher working potential of SC avoids bidirectional diffusion and surface compression thus allowing further lithiation. In this scenario, the evolution of the Li concentration gradient in SiOx conforms to its spontaneous lithiation process, benefiting the electrochemical performance. These results highlight the focus on the working potential of carbon as a strategy for rational optimization of SiOx /C composites toward improved battery performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Guifang Zeng
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research - IREC, Sant Adrià de Besòs, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Shang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Marc Botifoll
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Hao Wang
- Land Transport Authority of Singapore, Singapore, 179102, Singapore
| | - Deping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fengjun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huaiyu Shao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yanhong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jordi Arbiol
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Andreu Cabot
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research - IREC, Sant Adrià de Besòs, Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- ICREA Pg. Lluis Companys, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Lijie Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
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Song J, Ke S, Sun P, Yang D, Luo C, Tian Q, Liang C, Chen J. High-performance Si@C anode for lithium-ion batteries enabled by a novel structuring strategy. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13790-13808. [PMID: 37578278 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02723f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Si anode has drawn growing attention because of its features of large specific capacity, low electrochemical potential, and high natural abundance. However, it suffers from severe electrochemical irreversibility due to its large volume change during cycling. In spite of the achievement of improved electrochemical performance after compositing with carbon materials, most of the reported Si/C composite anodes lack a simple preparation process. To obtain a promising Si-based anode material, both simple preparation process and improved performance are necessary. Herein, inspired by the structure of shock proof foam, a novel structure of Si-based composite (Si@FeNO@P), consisting of Si nanoparticles embedded within a highly graphitized Fe3C/Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticle-interspersed foam-like porous carbon matrix, has been constructed using a simple method, consisting of simple mixing, drying, and carbonization processes. Thus, the well-designed composite structure effectively mitigates issues resulting from volumetric change of the Si during cycle and hence improves its performance significantly. The research results confirm outstanding performance of the Si@FeNO@P anode in the aspects of cycle durability, specific capacity, and rate capability, with 1116.1 (250th cycle), 858.1 (500th cycle), and 503.1 (500th cycle) mA h g-1 at 100, 1000, and 5000 mA g-1, respectively. By comparing the performance and structure of Si@FeNO@P with other control samples, it was substantiated that the outstanding performances of the Si@FeNO@P anode depend on the synergistic effects of the well-designed unique carbon matrix, conductive Fe3C, and Fe3O4-in situ derived metallic Fe nanoparticles during cycling. The outstanding electrochemical performance and simple preparation route make the Si@FeNO@P anode promising for lithium-ion battery applications. This work also gives useful insights into the development of high-performance Si-based anodes with simple practical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Shengfeng Ke
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Pengkai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Dian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Chengang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Qinghua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Cui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Jizhang Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
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Kong X, Xi Z, Wang L, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Li S, Chen X, Wan Z. Recent Progress in Silicon-Based Materials for Performance-Enhanced Lithium-Ion Batteries. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052079. [PMID: 36903324 PMCID: PMC10004529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) has been considered to be one of the most promising anode materials for high energy density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity, low discharge platform, abundant raw materials and environmental friendliness. However, the large volume changes, unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation during cycling and intrinsic low conductivity of Si hinder its practical applications. Various modification strategies have been widely developed to enhance the lithium storage properties of Si-based anodes, including cycling stability and rate capabilities. In this review, recent modification methods to suppress structural collapse and electric conductivity are summarized in terms of structural design, oxide complexing and Si alloys, etc. Moreover, other performance enhancement factors, such as pre-lithiation, surface engineering and binders are briefly discussed. The mechanisms behind the performance enhancement of various Si-based composites characterized by in/ex situ techniques are also reviewed. Finally, we briefly highlight the existing challenges and future development prospects of Si-based anode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhong Kong
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ziyang Xi
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Linqing Wang
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Yuheng Zhou
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Shi Li
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Zhongmin Wan
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yueyang 414006, China
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of New Energy, Yueyang 414006, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (Z.W.)
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