1
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Sandelin E, Schilling L, Saha E, Ruiu A, Neutze R, Sundén H, Wallentin CJ. Spatiotemporal Release of Singlet Oxygen in Low Molecular Weight Organo-Gels Upon Thermal or Photochemical External Stimuli. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400827. [PMID: 38660701 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The first example of a material capable of spatiotemporal catch and release of singlet oxygen (1O2) in gel phase is presented. Several low molecular weight organogelators based around an oxotriphenylhexanoate (OTHO) core are developed and optimized with regard to; their gelation properties, and ability of releasing 1O2 upon thermal and/or photochemical external stimuli, in both gel phase and solution. Remarkably, reversible phase transitioning between the gel and solution phase are also demonstrated. Taken together two complementary modes of releasing 1O2, one thermally controlled over time, and one rapid release by means of photochemical stimuli is disclosed. These findings represent the first phase reversible system where function and aggregation properties can be controlled independently, and thus pave the way for novel applications in material sciences as well as in life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Sandelin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 90, Sweden
| | - Leonard Schilling
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Ekata Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 90, Sweden
| | - Andrea Ruiu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 90, Sweden
| | - Richard Neutze
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 90, Sweden
| | - Henrik Sundén
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 90, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Wallentin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 90, Sweden
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2
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Li T, Zhang PL, Dong LZ, Lan YQ. Post-synthetic Rhodium (III) Complexes in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photothermal Heterogeneous C-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318180. [PMID: 38242848 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Although photocatalytic C-H activation has been realized by using heterogeneous catalysts, most of them require high-temperature conditions to provide the energy required for C-H bond breakage. The catalysts with photothermal conversion properties can catalyze this reaction efficiently at room temperature, but so far, these catalysts have been rarely developed. Here, we construct bifunctional catalysts Rh-COF-316 and -318 to combine photosensitive covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and transition-metal catalytic moiety using a post-synthetic approach. The Rh-COF enable the heterogeneous C-H activation reaction by photothermal conversion for the first time, and exhibit excellent yields (up to 98 %) and broad scope of substrates in [4+2] annulation at room temperature, while maintaining the high stability and recyclability. Significantly, this work is the highest yield reported so far in porous materials catalyzing C(sp2)-C(sp2) formation at room temperature. The excellent performances can be attributed to the COF-316, which enhances the photothermal effect (ΔT=50.9 °C), thus accelerating C-H bond activation and the exchange of catalyst with substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Lin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Long-Zhang Dong
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qian Lan
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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3
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Liu Y, Yang K, Wang J, Tian Y, Song B, Zhang R. Hypoxia-triggered degradable porphyrinic covalent organic framework for synergetic photodynamic and photothermal therapy of cancer. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100981. [PMID: 38356961 PMCID: PMC10865025 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines receive great attention in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, nonbiodegradable and long-term retention still limit their clinical translation. Herein, we successfully synthesize a hypoxia-triggered degradable porphyrinic covalent organic framework (HPCOF) for antitumor therapy in vivo. HPCOF possesses wide absorption in near infrared region (NIR) which endows HPCOF excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and photoacoustic (PA) imaging ability. Moreover, HPCOF exhibits excellent photodynamic and photothermal effect under special-wavelength laser irradiation. For the first time, the in vitro and in vivo tests demonstrate that HPCOF shows effective therapeutic effect for the combination of PDT and PTT under the monitoring of PA imaging. Importantly, in tumor region, HPCOF could be triggered by hypoxia microenvironment and collapsed gradually, then cleared from the body after treatment. This work fabricates a novel COF for cancer treatment and testifies great potential of HPCOF in clinical application with reducing long-term toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Liu
- General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jun Wang
- General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yanzhang Tian
- General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Bin Song
- General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People’ Hospital, Five Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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4
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Zhang X, Dou Y, Liu S, Chen P, Wen Y, Li J, Sun Y, Zhang R. Rationally Designed Benzobisthiadiazole-Based Covalent Organic Framework for High-Performance NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303842. [PMID: 38458147 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Although being applied as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) fail the precise fluorescence imaging in vivo and phototherapy in deep-tissue, due to short excitation/emission wavelengths. Herein, this work proposes the first example of NIR-II emissive and benzobisthiadiazole-based COF-980. Comparing to its ligands, the structure of COF-980 can more efficiently reducing the energy gap (ΔES1-T1) between the excited state and the triplet state to enhance photodynamic therapy efficiency. Importantly, COF-980 demonstrates high photostability, good anti-diffusion property, superior reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency, promising imaging ability, and ROS production in deep tissue (≈8 mm). Surprisingly, COF-980 combined with laser irradiation could trigger larger amount of intracellular ROS to high efficiently induce cancer cell death. Notably, COF-980 NPs precisely enable PDT guided by NIR-II fluorescence imaging that effectively inhibit the 4T1 tumor growth with negligible adverse effects. This study provides a universal approach to developing long-wavelength emissive COFs and exploits its applications for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- The Radiology Department of First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, P. R. China
| | - You Dou
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Peiyao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, P. R. China
| | - Yating Wen
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Junrong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yao Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Radiology Department of First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
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5
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He L, Wang L, He Z, Pang CH, Tang B, Wu A, Li J. Strategies for utilizing covalent organic frameworks as host materials for the integration and delivery of bioactives. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1126-1151. [PMID: 38112198 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01492d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a new and developing class of porous framework materials, are considered a type of promising carrier for the integration and delivery of bioactives, which have diverse fascinating merits, such as a large specific surface area, designable and specific porosity, stable and orderly framework structure, and various active sites. However, owing to the significant differences among bioactives (including drugs, proteins, nucleic acid, and exosomes), such as size, structure, and physicochemical properties, the interaction between COFs and bioactives also varies. In this review, we firstly summarize three strategies for the construction of single or hybrid COF-based matrices for the delivery of cargos, including encapsulation, covalent binding, and coordination bonding. Besides, their smart response release behaviors are also categorized. Subsequently, the applications of cargo@COF biocomposites in biomedicine are comprehensively summarized, including tumor therapy, central nervous system (CNS) modulation, biomarker analysis, bioimaging, and anti-bacterial therapy. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu He
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Le Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Zhen He
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China.
| | - Bencan Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China.
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Juan Li
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
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6
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Li Y, Qi H, Geng Y, Li L, Cai X. Research progress of organic photothermal agents delivery and synergistic therapy systems. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113743. [PMID: 38215604 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is currently one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Due to the inevitable shortcomings of conventional treatments, photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted great attention as an emerging and non-invasive cancer treatment method. Photothermal agents (PTAs) is a necessary component of PTT to play its role. It accumulates at the tumor site through appropriate methods and converts the absorbed light energy into heat energy effectively under near-infrared light irradiation, thus increasing the temperature of the tumor area and facilitating ablation of the tumor cells. Compared to inorganic photothermal agents, which have limitations such as non-degradability and potential long-term toxicity in vivo, organic photothermal agents exhibit excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, thus showing promising prospects for the application of PTT in cancer treatment. And these organic photothermal agents can also be engineered into nanoparticles to improve their water solubility, extend their circulation time in vivo, and specifically target tumors. Moreover, further combination of PTT with other treatment methods can effectively enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment and alleviate the side effects associated with single treatments. This article briefly introduces several common types of organic photothermal agents and their nanoparticles, and reviews the applications of PTT based on organic photothermal agents in combination with chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, and multimodal combination therapy for tumor treatment, which expands the ideas and methods in the field of tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Haolong Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Yingjie Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, PR China.
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7
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Guo J, Kong S, Lian Y, Zhao M. Recent bio-applications of covalent organic framework-based nanomaterials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:918-934. [PMID: 38168699 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Appearing as a new class of functional organic materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have aroused a huge wave of interest in versatile fields ever since they were first proposed in 2005. Thanks to but not limited to their ultralight weights, high surface areas, ordered channels, variable functional groups and well-defined crystal structures, the applications of COF-based biomaterials in the fields of drug loading and delivery, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, bioimaging, etc. are comprehensively summarized and introduced. The existing challenges and future prospects for this emerging but hot research direction are also discussed. It is hoped that this review will serve as a guidance for future research on COFs as multifunctional bioplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Shuyue Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ye Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Meiting Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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8
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Liang H, Chen S, Qileng A, Liu W, Xu Z, Zhang S, Liu Y. Enhanced Photothermal Activity of Nanoconjugated System via Covalent Organic Frameworks as the Springboard. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304720. [PMID: 37649208 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanomaterials with high photothermal conversion efficiency has been a hot issue. In this work, a novel photothermal nanomaterial is synthesized using Prussian blue nanocubes (PBNCs) as the photothermal active substance and covalent organic framework (COF) as the substrate. The as-prepared COF@PBNCs show a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 59.1%, significantly higher than that of pure PBNCs (32.5%). A new circuit path is generated with the combination of COF, which prevents the direct combination of thermal electrons and holes, as well as enhances the nonradiation transition of PBNCs. Besides, the imine groups on COF as the coordination and reduction agent allow the in situ growth of PBNCs, and the dense micropores of COF as the ideal heat conduction channels can also be the potential factors for the enhanced photothermal property. The photothermal property of COF@PBNCs is further used in the construction of immunosensor for the detection of furosemide (FUR). With the help of handheld thermal imager, the concentration of FUR can be easily read, thus shedding a new light in the construction of visual sensor for simple and low-cost point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shizhang Chen
- College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Aori Qileng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shengsen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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9
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Cole HD, Vali A, Roque JA, Shi G, Kaur G, Hodges RO, Francés-Monerris A, Alberto ME, Cameron CG, McFarland SA. Ru(II) Phenanthroline-Based Oligothienyl Complexes as Phototherapy Agents. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21181-21200. [PMID: 38079387 PMCID: PMC10754219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes have gained widespread attention as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, we systematically investigate a series of the type [Ru(phen)2(IP-nT)]2+, featuring 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) coligands and imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligands tethered to n = 0-4 thiophene rings (IP-nT). The complexes were characterized and investigated for their electrochemical, spectroscopic, and (photo)biological properties. The electrochemical oxidation of the nT unit shifted by -350 mV as n = 1 → 4 (+920 mV for Ru-1T, +570 mV for Ru-4T); nT reductions were observed in complexes Ru-3T (-2530 mV) and Ru-4T (-2300 mV). Singlet oxygen quantum yields ranged from 0.53 to 0.88, with Ru-3T and Ru-4T being equally efficient (∼0.88). Time-resolved absorption spectra of Ru-0T-1T were dominated by metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (3MLCT) states (τTA = 0.40-0.85 μs), but long-lived intraligand charge-transfer (3ILCT) states were observed in Ru-2T-4T (τTA = 25-148 μs). The 3ILCT energies of Ru-3T and Ru-4T were computed to be 1.6 and 1.4 eV, respectively. The phototherapeutic efficacy against melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28) under broad-band visible light (400-700 nm) increases as n = 0 → 4: Ru-0T was inactive up to 300 μM, Ru-1T-2T were moderately active (EC50 ∼ 600 nM, PI = 200), and Ru-3T (EC50 = 57 nM, PI > 1100) and Ru-4T (EC50 = 740 pM, PI = 114,000) were the most phototoxic. The activity diminishes with longer wavelengths of light and is completely suppressed for all complexes except Ru-3T and Ru-4T in hypoxia. Ru-4T is the more potent and robust PS in 1% O2 over seven biological replicates (avg EC50 = 1.3 μM, avg PI = 985). Ru-3T exhibited hypoxic activity in five of seven replicates, underscoring the need for biological replicates in compound evaluation. Singlet oxygen sensitization is likely responsible for phototoxic effects of the compounds in normoxia, but the presence of redox-active excited states may facilitate additional photoactive pathways for complexes with three or more thienyl groups. The 3ILCT state with its extended lifetime (30-40× longer than the 3MLCT state for Ru-3T and Ru-4T) implicates its predominant role in photocytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houston D. Cole
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019-0065 USA
| | - Abbas Vali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019-0065 USA
| | - John A. Roque
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019-0065 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402 USA
| | - Ge Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019-0065 USA
| | - Gurleen Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019-0065 USA
| | - Rachel O. Hodges
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402 USA
| | | | - Marta E. Alberto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Italy
| | - Colin G. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019-0065 USA
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019-0065 USA
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10
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Qin Y, Zhu X, Huang R. Covalent organic frameworks: linkage types, synthetic methods and bio-related applications. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6942-6976. [PMID: 37750827 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01247f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are composed of small organic molecules linked via covalent bonds, which have tunable mesoporous structure, good biocompatibility and functional diversities. These excellent properties make COFs a promising candidate for constructing biomedical nanoplatforms and provide ample opportunities for nanomedicine development. A systematic review of the linkage types and synthesis methods of COFs is of indispensable value for their biomedical applications. In this review, we first summarize the types of various linkages of COFs and their corresponding properties. Then, we highlight the reaction temperature, solvent and reaction time required by different synthesis methods and show the most suitable synthesis method by comparing the merits and demerits of various methods. To appreciate the cutting-edge research on COFs in bioscience technology, we also summarize the bio-related applications of COFs, including drug delivery, tumor therapy, bioimaging, biosensing and antimicrobial applications. We hope to provide insight into the interdisciplinary research on COFs and promote the development of COF nanomaterials for biomedical applications and their future clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xinran Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Rongqin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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11
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Li T, Wang D, Guo Z, Lin L, Meng M, Liu C, Hao K, Pang X, Tian H, Chen X. Biodegradable covalent organic frameworks achieving tumor micro-environment responsive drug release and antitumor treatment. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6524-6536. [PMID: 37584991 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01088k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of nanocarriers has greatly improved the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. As emerging nanocarriers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been increasingly used in biomedicine in recent years. However, due to their inherent chemical stability, existing COF nanocarriers hardly undergo in vivo degradation, which brings potential safety hazards to further applications. In this work, we introduce the azo bond into COFs. When the nanocarrier enters the cell, ˙OH generated by the coordinated Fe response to the H2O2 in the cell will break the azo bond and cause the degradation of the framework structure, accelerating the release of internally loaded DOX to effectively realize tumor treatment. We verified the degradation ability of the materials by constructing model compounds, in vitro drug release, MTT assay and antitumor experiments. Compared with the control groups, the degradable COF accelerates the release of DOX and shows a stronger killing effect on 4T1 cells. Serum biochemical analysis and H&E sections of organs show good biocompatibility for both COFs and degradation products. This work provides a new idea for the design of biodegradable COFs in vivo, and greatly explores the potential application of COF materials in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dianwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhaopei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Kai Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Xuan Pang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Huayu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
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12
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Mahmut Z, Zhang C, Ruan F, Shi N, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zheng X, Tang Z, Dong B, Gao D, Sun J. Medical Applications and Advancement of Near Infrared Photosensitive Indocyanine Green Molecules. Molecules 2023; 28:6085. [PMID: 37630337 PMCID: PMC10459369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is an important kind of near infrared (NIR) photosensitive molecules for PTT/PDT therapy as well as imaging. When exposed to NIR light, ICG can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can kill cancer cells and pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the absorbed light can also be converted into heat by ICG molecules to eliminate cancer cells. In addition, it performs exceptionally well in optical imaging-guided tumor therapy and antimicrobial therapy due to its deeper tissue penetration and low photobleaching properties in the near-infrared region compared to other dyes. In order to solve the problems of water and optical stability and multi-function problem of ICG molecules, composite nanomaterials based on ICG have been designed and widely used, especially in the fields of tumors and sterilization. So far, ICG molecules and their composite materials have become one of the most famous infrared sensitive materials. However, there have been no corresponding review articles focused on ICG molecules. In this review, the molecular structure and properties of ICG, composite material design, and near-infrared light- triggered anti-tumor, and antibacterial, and clinical applications are reviewed in detail, which of great significance for related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulpya Mahmut
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.M.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.M.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Fei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (F.R.); (Z.T.)
| | - Nan Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, No. 964 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army, 4799 Xi’an Road, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Xinyao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.M.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuda Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.M.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xianhong Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.M.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zixin Tang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (F.R.); (Z.T.)
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (F.R.); (Z.T.)
| | - Donghui Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operating Room, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.M.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.)
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13
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Chen G, Chen L, Li N, Li J, Huang M, Gong C, Peng Y. Salt-Assisted Fabrication of a Water-Based Covalent Organic Framework Ink and Its Hybrid Films for Photothermal Actuators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37478481 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The exceptional properties of two-dimensional covalent organic framework materials (2D-COFs), including their large π-conjugated structure at the molecular level and π-π multilayer stacking, have attracted interest for soft photothermal actuator applications. However, the conventional synthesis of COFs as microcrystalline powders limits their processing in water due to their limited dispersibility. Herein, we present a simple and environmentally friendly method to fabricate water-suspended COF inks by adjusting the surface potential of COF powders through adsorption of ionic species such as Na+ and Cl-. This technique effectively prevents the accumulation and aggregation of COF powder, resulting in an aqueous COF ink that can be easily cast into homogeneous hybrid COF films by Mayer-rod coating. In addition, the resulting photothermal actuator exhibited a fast response time within 3 s at a curvature of 2.35 cm-1 in the near-infrared light. This facile and practical approach to fabricating water-based COFs ink represents a promising strategy for the development of practical applications of COFs in photothermal actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guinan Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Liangjun Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Nanjun Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Minchu Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Cobetter Filtration Equipment Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311265, China
| | - Chengtao Gong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yongwu Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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14
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Lang W, Chen LZ, Chen Y, Cao QY. A GSH-activated AIE-based polymer photosensitizer for killing cancer cells. Talanta 2023; 258:124473. [PMID: 36989616 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient photosensitizers which are sensitive to therapeutic tumor signals, but non-toxic to normal cells has always been a tremendous challenge in photodynamic therapy (PDT) process. Herein, a novel copolymer P1 was developed by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with disulfide bond linked ferrocene-norbornene dyad NB-SS-PyFc and the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorephore anchored norbornene NB-TPE, and its nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained by using the amphiphilic Pluronic F-127 as the surfactant via a nanoprecipitation method. The P1 NPs show a weak emission and a low 1O2 generation for the quenching effect from the ferrocene moiety to the AIE group. However, the addition of GSH can recover the AIE fluorephore emission and 1O2 generation for cleavage the disulfide bond. Importantly, P1 NPs have been used for image-guided cancer cells apoptosis for the GSH activated 1O2 generation.
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