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Dubucs C, N'Go V, Caillet A, Cifuentes EA, Beau AB, Frémont F, Hurault-Delarue C, Courtade-Saïdi M, Damase-Michel C. The EFEMEREYE Study: prenatal medication exposure and ocular anomaly occurrence in EFEMERIS health database. J AAPOS 2024:103931. [PMID: 38719141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2024.103931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe ocular anomalies (OAs) in children and fetuses in a French general population, to estimate their prevalence, and to investigate a possible association between prenatal medication exposure and the occurrence of OA in utero or in early childhood. METHODS We conducted a case-control study using the EFEMERIS cohort, a database containing pregnancies registered in Haute-Garonne and their outcomes. We collected OA descriptions of fetuses at the time of pregnancy termination or of children at birth and the results of eye examinations of children at 9 months and 2 years of age. RESULTS The prevalence of overall OAs was 2.13%, of which 0.04% were congenital ocular malformations (COMs). A total of 2,968 cases and 136,619 controls were selected for analysis. There was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to prenatal exposure to medications for the digestive tract and metabolism, the cardiovascular system, and the respiratory system. Multivariable analysis revealed an increased risk of OA in children of mothers exposed to magnesium during and 1 month before pregnancy (OR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11-1.38). CONCLUSIONS This first pharmaco-epidemiological study on OA in France suggests that OA may be associated with exposure to commonly used medications. Given the rarity of COM, larger, international studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dubucs
- Département d'Anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France; Unité de Pharmaco-épidémiologie, UMR 1027, équipe SPHERE - Study of Perinatal, paediatric and adolescent Health: Epidemiological Research and Evaluation, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Van N'Go
- Unité de Pharmaco-épidémiologie, UMR 1027, équipe SPHERE - Study of Perinatal, paediatric and adolescent Health: Epidemiological Research and Evaluation, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anthony Caillet
- Unité de Pharmaco-épidémiologie, UMR 1027, équipe SPHERE - Study of Perinatal, paediatric and adolescent Health: Epidemiological Research and Evaluation, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Erika-Alejandra Cifuentes
- Unité de Pharmaco-épidémiologie, UMR 1027, équipe SPHERE - Study of Perinatal, paediatric and adolescent Health: Epidemiological Research and Evaluation, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anna-Belle Beau
- Unité de Pharmaco-épidémiologie, UMR 1027, équipe SPHERE - Study of Perinatal, paediatric and adolescent Health: Epidemiological Research and Evaluation, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Félix Frémont
- Clinique Honoré Cave, Montauban, France; Service d'ophtalmologie, Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, CHU Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Hurault-Delarue
- Unité de Pharmaco-épidémiologie, UMR 1027, équipe SPHERE - Study of Perinatal, paediatric and adolescent Health: Epidemiological Research and Evaluation, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Christine Damase-Michel
- Unité de Pharmaco-épidémiologie, UMR 1027, équipe SPHERE - Study of Perinatal, paediatric and adolescent Health: Epidemiological Research and Evaluation, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Service de pharmacologie, équipe médicament et grossesse, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Kuwata C, Maejima T, Hakamata S, Yahagi S, Matsuoka T, Tsuchiya Y. Disruption of Fetal Eye Development Caused by Insulin-induced Maternal Hypoglycemia in Rats. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 112:68-76. [PMID: 35738499 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We previously revealed that insulin-induced severe and long-lasting maternal hypoglycemia in rats caused anophthalmia and microphthalmia in fetuses; however, it remained unclear whether hypoglycemia-induced eye anomalies were developmental retardation or disruption, and when and how they developed. Hence, we induced hypoglycemia in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting insulin from Days 6 to 11 of pregnancy and performed periodical histopathological examination of fetal eyes from embryonic days (E)10 to 20. On E10, optic vesicle had developed normally both in the control and insulin-treated group; however, on E11, optic cup (OC) had developed in the control group but not in the insulin-treated group. On E12, neural retina (NR), retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), lens, and presumptive cornea had been observed in the control group. In contrast, lens pit and OC with remaining space between RPE and NR had developed in the insulin-treated group. From E13 to E15, developmental disruption characterized by defects, hypoplasia, and degeneration in the retina, lens, and cornea was observed in the insulin-treated group, resulting in anophthalmia or microphthalmia on E20. Moreover, the expression of MITF and chx10, which are essential for early eye development by expressing in the presumptive retina and lens and regulating each other's expression level, was ectopic and suppressed on E11. In conclusion, insulin-induced maternal hypoglycemia caused developmental disruption, but not simple developmental retardation of fetal eyes, and its trigger might be a failure of presumptive retina and lens to interact on E11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Kuwata
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takanori Maejima
- Translational Science, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinobu Hakamata
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Yahagi
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Matsuoka
- Translational Science, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Tsuchiya
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Klotz L, Havla J, Schwab N, Hohlfeld R, Barnett M, Reddel S, Wiendl H. Risks and risk management in modern multiple sclerosis immunotherapeutic treatment. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2019; 12:1756286419836571. [PMID: 30967901 PMCID: PMC6444778 DOI: 10.1177/1756286419836571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in the treatment of multiple
sclerosis (MS) owing to the approval of a number of new drugs with very distinct
mechanisms of action. All approved disease-modifying drugs primarily work
directly on the immune system. However, the identification of an ‘optimal
choice’ for individual patients with regard to treatment efficacy, treatment
adherence and side-effect profile has become increasingly complex including
conceptual as well as practical considerations. Similarly, there are
peculiarities and specific requirements with regard to treatment monitoring,
especially in relation to immunosuppression, the development of secondary
immune-related complications, as well as the existence of drug-specific on- and
off-target effects. Both classical immunosuppression and selective immune
interventions generate a spectrum of potential therapy-related complications.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of available immunotherapeutics
for MS and their risks, detailing individual mechanisms of action and
side-effect profiles. Furthermore, practical recommendations for patients
treated with modern MS immunotherapeutics are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Building A1, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Havla
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital; Data Integration for Future Medicine consortium (DIFUTURE), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Schwab
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Stephen Reddel
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Building A1, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Abstract
The spectrum of therapeutic options for immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis is continuously broadening. After the approval of cladribine and ocrelizumab in Europe, two new drugs are now available with ocrelizumab being the first approved option for treatment of primary progressive multiple sclerosis; however, the increased use of highly effective therapies is accompanied by a rise in severe side effects. During recent months, special attention was paid to the new progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) risk assessment in natalizumab-treated patients, cardiac side effects of fingolimod, cases of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and listeria meningitis associated with alemtuzumab and cases of daclizumab-treated patients with liver failure or encephalitis. These case reports highlight the importance of careful monitoring of all patients treated with immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pape
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - F Zipp
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - S Bittner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
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Al-Radi LS, Moiseeva TN, Smirnova SY, Shmakov RG. [Hairy cell leukemia and pregnancy]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2017; 89:99-104. [PMID: 28766548 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh201789799-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents experience in following up and treating hairy cell leukemia (HCL) during pregnancy. The combination of HCL and pregnancy was observed in 5 patients. The patients' median age was 35 years (range, 28-42 years). The diagnosis of HCL was based on a conventional examination protocol: clinical blood analysis with the morphological assessment of lymphocytes, a myelogram and trepanobiopsy, immunophenotypic analysis of lymphocytes or bone marrow (in all the patients), cytochemical determination of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in 3 patients, and identification of BRAFV600E mutation in 3 patients. Three pregnant women were treated for HCL in the postpartum period. In one patient with HCL, pregnancy was seen in remission after treatment with cladribine. In one patient with HCL detected at 11 weeks' gestation, interferon-α therapy during the second trimester of pregnancy was performed for increased cytopenia, which was followed by cladribine therapy after delivery. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated in all the patients; 3 patients had vaginal delivery and 2 patients underwent cesarean section. All infants were healthy, with no developmental abnormalities during a follow-up period of 6-140 months (median 30 months). All the patients with HCL are currently in remission: 4 patients in first remission at a follow-up of 10 to 48 months (median 15 months) and one patient in second remission at a follow-up of 88 months. Possible observational tactics is possible when HCL is detected during pregnancy. Treatment of HCL during pregnancy is necessary in cases of deep or progressive cytopenia and/or splenomegaly. The use of interferon-α or splenectomy is preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Al-Radi
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - T N Moiseeva
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Yu Smirnova
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - R G Shmakov
- Acad. V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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D’Amico E, Leone C, Caserta C, Patti F. Oral drugs in multiple sclerosis therapy: an overview and a critical appraisal. Expert Rev Neurother 2015; 15:803-24. [DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2015.1058162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Intrinsic apoptosis pathway in fallopian tube epithelial cells induced by cladribine. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:928036. [PMID: 25431797 PMCID: PMC4238275 DOI: 10.1155/2014/928036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cladribine is a purine nucleoside analog which initiates the apoptotic mechanism within cells. Moreover, the available data confirms that cladribine, with the participation of the p53 protein, as well as the proapoptotic proteins from the Bcl-2 family, also induces the activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. However, while there has been a lot of research devoted to the effect of cladribine on lymphatic system cells, little is known about the impact of cladribine on the reproductive system. The aim of our study was to evaluate apoptosis in oviduct epithelial cells sourced from 15 different female rats. In so doing, the sections were stained with caspases 3, 9, and 8. Results suggest that cladribine also induces apoptosis in the oviduct epithelial cells by way of the intrinsic pathway. Indeed, the discontinuing of the administration of cladribine leads to a reduction in the amount of apoptotic cells in the oviduct epithelium.
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Olin SJ, Holmes SP, Jeffs A, Cornell KK. Bilateral lumbar hernias in a domestic shorthair cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012; 241:1495-8. [PMID: 23176243 DOI: 10.2460/javma.241.11.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 2.8-kg (6.1-lb) 4-month-old sexually intact female domestic shorthair cat was referred for evaluation of bilateral, subcutaneous lumbar masses that were presumed to be the kidneys. CLINICAL FINDINGS Physical examination findings included 2 mobile, nonpainful, 3×3-cm, bilaterally symmetric masses in the dorsolateral lumbar region. Abdominal radiography, ultrasonography, and CT confirmed bilateral body wall defects with renal herniation. Serum biochemistry profile, urinalysis, and excretory urography confirmed normal renal function. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Exploratory laparotomy, reduction of the kidneys, repair of the body wall defects, bilateral nephropexy, and ovariohysterectomy were performed. There were no perioperative complications. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Lumbar hernia has not been reported previously in a cat. It is important for veterinarians to be aware that although rare, lumbar hernia should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for a lumbar mass or signs of chronic lumbar pain in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly J Olin
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
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Daver N, Nazha A, Kantarjian HM, Haltom R, Ravandi F. Treatment of hairy cell leukemia during pregnancy: are purine analogues and rituximab viable therapeutic options. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2012; 13:86-9. [PMID: 22981963 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Intercostal variant of lumbar hernia in lumbocostovertebral syndrome: our experience with 6 cases. J Pediatr Surg 2011; 46:1974-7. [PMID: 22008337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lumbocostovertebral syndrome (LCVS) is a rare type of congenital lumbar hernia. Its features include lumbar hernia associated with genitourinary, vertebral, and rib anomalies. Less than 25 cases have been reported to date. We describe the clinical manifestations and associated anomalies in 6 cases of LCVS managed by us. The patients with suspected LCVS syndrome should be evaluated by detailed clinical history, examination, conventional radiography, magnetic resonance imaging spine, ultrasound abdomen, and echocardiography. The defect can be repaired using local tissues in infancy. There is a need for long-term follow-up for possible late recurrence and scoliosis.
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Pontinha ADR, Satana HE, Diculescu VC, Oliveira-Brett AM. Anodic Oxidation of Cladribine and In Situ Evaluation of DNA-Cladribine Interaction. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nemeth KA, Singh AV, Knudsen TB. Searching for biomarkers of developmental toxicity with microarrays: normal eye morphogenesis in rodent embryos. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005; 206:219-28. [PMID: 15967212 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2004.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2004] [Revised: 12/28/2004] [Accepted: 12/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression arrays reveal the potential linkage of altered gene expression with specific adverse effects leading to disease phenotypes. But how closely do microarray data reflect early physiological or pharmacological measures that predict toxic event(s)? To explore this issue, we have undertaken experiments in early mouse embryos exposed to various teratogens during neurulation stages with the aim of correlating large-scale changes in gene expression across the critical period during exposure. This study reports some of the large-scale changes in gene expression that can be detected in the optic rudiment of the developing mouse and rat embryo across the window of development during which the eye is exceedingly sensitive to teratogen-induced micro-/anophthalmia. Microarray analysis was performed on RNA from the headfold or ocular region at the optic vesicle and optic cup stages when the ocular primordium is enriched for Pax-6, a master control gene for eye morphogenesis. Statistical selection of differentially regulated genes and various clustering techniques identified groups of genes in upward or downward trajectories in the normal optic primordium during early eye development in mouse and rat species. We identified 165 genes with significant differential expression during eye development, and a smaller subset of 58 genes that showed a tight correlation between mouse-rat development. Significantly over-represented functional categories included fatty acid metabolism (up-regulated) and glycolysis (down-regulated). From studies such as these that benchmark large-scale gene expression during normal embryonic development, we may be able to identify the panel of biomarkers that best correlate with species differences and the risks for developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Nemeth
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Charlap JH, Donahue RJ, Knudsen TB. Exposure-disease continuum for 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine, a prototype ocular teratogen. 3. Intervention with PK11195. BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH. PART A, CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY 2003; 67:108-15. [PMID: 12769506 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.10026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of pregnant mice with 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2CdA) on Day 8 of gestation induces microphthalmia through a mechanism linked to the p53 tumor suppressor pathway. The present study defines the response of Day 8 mouse embryos through time with respect to pharmacologic intervention with PK11195, a ligand of the mitochondrial peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (Bzrp). METHODS Pregnant CD-1 mice dosed with 2CdA with or without PK11195 on gestation Day 8 provided fetuses for teratologic evaluation on Day 14 and Day 17; HPLC measured pyridine nucleotides (NADH/NAD+) at 1.5 hr, RT-PCR measured mitochondrial 16S rRNA abundance at 3.0 hr, and p53 protein induction was assessed with immunostaining at 4.5 hr postexposure. RESULTS The mean incidences of malformed fetuses were significantly higher in the 7.5 mg/kg 2CdA treatment group (50.2% malformed) vs. the 2CdA + 4.0 mg/kg PK11195 co-treatment group (4.4% malformed). Malformed fetuses displayed a range of ocular defects that included microphthalmia and keratolenticular dysgenesis (Peters anomaly). No malformations were observed in the control or PK11195 alone groups. PK11195 also protected litters from increased resorption rates and fetal weight reduction. It did not rescue early effects on NADH balance (1.5 hr) or 16S rRNA expression (3.0 hr); however, the p53 response (4.5 hr) was downgraded in 2CdA + PK11195 embryos vs. 2CdA alone. By delaying the administration of PK11195 in 1.5 hr intervals it was determined that the window for protection closed between 4.5 to 6.0 hr after 2CdA. CONCLUSIONS The capacity of PK11195 to suppress the pathogenesis of microphthalmia implies a critical role for mitochondrial peripheral benzodiazepine receptors in the p53-dependent mode of action of 2CdA on ocular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Charlap
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
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