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Pangjantuk A, Kaokaen P, Kunhorm P, Chaicharoenaudomrung N, Noisa P. 3D culture of alginate-hyaluronic acid hydrogel supports the stemness of human mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4436. [PMID: 38396088 PMCID: PMC10891100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system is being employed more frequently to investigate cell engineering and tissue repair due to its close mimicry of in vivo microenvironments. In this study, we developed natural biomaterials, including hyaluronic acid, alginate, and gelatin, to mimic the creation of a 3D human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) extracellular environment and selected hydrogels with high proliferation capacity for 3D MSC culture. Human mesenchymal stem cells were encapsulated within hydrogels, and an investigation was conducted into the effects on cell viability and proliferation, stemness properties, and telomere activity compared to the 2D monolayer culture. Hydrogel characterization, cell proliferation, Live/Dead cell viability assay, gene expression, telomere relative length, and MSC stemness-related proteins by immunofluorescence staining were examined. The results showed that 3D alginate-hyaluronic acid (AL-HA) hydrogels increased cell proliferation, and the cells were grown as cellular spheroids within hydrogels and presented a high survival rate of 77.36% during the culture period of 14 days. Furthermore, the 3D alginate-hyaluronic acid (AL-HA) hydrogels increased the expression of stemness-related genes (OCT-4, NANOG, SOX2, and SIRT1), tissue growth and development genes (YAP and TAZ), and cell proliferation gene (Ki67) after culture for 14 days. Moreover, the telomere activity of the 3D MSCs was enhanced, as indicated by the upregulation of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT) and the relative telomere length (T/S ratio) compared to the 2D monolayer culture. Altogether, these data suggest that the 3D alginate-hyaluronic acid (AL-HA) hydrogels could serve as a promising material for maintaining stem cell properties and might be a suitable carrier for tissue engineering proposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amorn Pangjantuk
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Palakorn Kaokaen
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Phongsakorn Kunhorm
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Nipha Chaicharoenaudomrung
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Parinya Noisa
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
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Liang Y, Shakya A, Liu X. Biomimetic Tubular Matrix Induces Periodontal Ligament Principal Fiber Formation and Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36451-36461. [PMID: 35938610 PMCID: PMC10041666 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal ligament (PDL) is assembled from highly organized collagen fiber bundles (PDL principal fibers) that are crucial in supporting teeth and buffering mechanical force. Therefore, regeneration of PDL needs to reconstruct these well-ordered fiber bundles to restore PDL functions. However, the formation of PDL principal fibers has long been a challenge due to the absence of an effective three-dimensional (3D) matrix to guide the growth of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and to inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs during the PDL principal fibers deposition. In this work, we designed and fabricated a bio-inspired tubular 3D matrix to guide the migration and growth of human PDLSCs and form well-aligned PDL principal fibers. As a biomimetic 3D template, the tubular matrix controlled PDLSCs migration inside the tubules and aligned the cells to the designated direction. Inside the tubular matrix, the PDLSCs expressed PDL markers and formed oriented fiber bundles with the same size and density as those of natural PDL principal fibers. Furthermore, the tubular matrix downregulated the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. A mechanism study revealed that the Yap1/Twist1 signaling pathway was involved in the inhibition of PDLSCs osteogenesis within the tubular matrix. This work provides an effective approach to induce PDLSCs to form principal fibers and gives insight into the underlying mechanism of inhibiting the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in biomimetic tubular matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxi Liang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Ajay Shakya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
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Gardiner JC, Cukierman E. Meaningful connections: Interrogating the role of physical fibroblast cell-cell communication in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 154:141-168. [PMID: 35459467 PMCID: PMC9483832 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As part of the connective tissue, activated fibroblasts play an important role in development and disease pathogenesis, while quiescent resident fibroblasts are responsible for sustaining tissue homeostasis. Fibroblastic activation is particularly evident in the tumor microenvironment where fibroblasts transition into tumor-supporting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), with some CAFs maintaining tumor-suppressive functions. While the tumor-supporting features of CAFs and their fibroblast-like precursors predominantly function through paracrine chemical communication (e.g., secretion of cytokine, chemokine, and more), the direct cell-cell communication that occurs between fibroblasts and other cells, and the effect that the remodeled CAF-generated interstitial extracellular matrix has in these types of cellular communications, remain poorly understood. Here, we explore the reported roles fibroblastic cell-cell communication play within the cancer stroma context and highlight insights we can gain from other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Zhang WC, Zheng ML, Liu J, Jin F, Dong XZ, Guo M, Li T. Modulation of Cell Behavior by 3D Biocompatible Hydrogel Microscaffolds with Precise Configuration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2325. [PMID: 34578641 PMCID: PMC8469000 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) micronano structures have attracted much attention in tissue engineering since they can better simulate the microenvironment in vivo. Two-photon polymerization (TPP) technique provides a powerful tool for printing arbitrary 3D structures with high precision. Here, the desired 3D biocompatible hydrogel microscaffolds (3D microscaffold) with structure design referring to fibroblasts L929 have been fabricated by TPP technology, particularly considering the relative size of cell seed (cell suspension), spread cell, strut and strut spacing of scaffold. Modulation of the cell behavior has been studied by adjusting the porosity from 69.7% to 89.3%. The cell culture experiment results reveal that the obvious modulation of F-actin can be achieved by using the 3D microscaffold. Moreover, cells on 3D microscaffolds exhibit more lamellipodia than those on 2D substrates, and thus resulting in a more complicated 3D shape of single cell and increased cell surface. 3D distribution can be also achieved by employing the designed 3D microscaffold, which would effectively improve the efficiency of information exchange and material transfer. The proposed protocol enables us to better understand the cell behavior in vivo, which would provide high prospects for the further application in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cai Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic Nano Photonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, China; (W.-C.Z.); (J.L.); (F.J.); (X.-Z.D.); (M.G.); (T.L.)
- School of Future Technologies, Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zheng
- Laboratory of Organic Nano Photonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, China; (W.-C.Z.); (J.L.); (F.J.); (X.-Z.D.); (M.G.); (T.L.)
- School of Future Technologies, Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratory of Organic Nano Photonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, China; (W.-C.Z.); (J.L.); (F.J.); (X.-Z.D.); (M.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Feng Jin
- Laboratory of Organic Nano Photonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, China; (W.-C.Z.); (J.L.); (F.J.); (X.-Z.D.); (M.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Xian-Zi Dong
- Laboratory of Organic Nano Photonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, China; (W.-C.Z.); (J.L.); (F.J.); (X.-Z.D.); (M.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Min Guo
- Laboratory of Organic Nano Photonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, China; (W.-C.Z.); (J.L.); (F.J.); (X.-Z.D.); (M.G.); (T.L.)
- School of Future Technologies, Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
| | - Teng Li
- Laboratory of Organic Nano Photonics and CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 29, Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, China; (W.-C.Z.); (J.L.); (F.J.); (X.-Z.D.); (M.G.); (T.L.)
- School of Future Technologies, Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
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5
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Calreticulin silencing inhibits extracellular matrix synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts cultured on three-dimensional poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds by inhibiting the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signalling pathway. Ann Anat 2021; 239:151820. [PMID: 34411706 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The retraction and compression of gingival tissue have a significant impact on the efficiency and stability of orthodontic treatment, but the underlying molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of mechanical forces on the expression level of calreticulin (CRT), the activity of the calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) 3 signalling pathway, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured on three-dimensional (3D) poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds and to further explore the mechanical transduction pathways that may be involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mechanical force of 25 g/cm2 was applied to HGFs for 0, 6, 24, 48, or 72 h. The expression of CRT, CaN, NFAT3, phosphorylated NFAT3 (p-NFAT3) and type I collagen (COL-I) were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Subsequently, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down the expression of CRT in HGFs, and the impacts of the applied force on the expression levels of CaN, NFAT3, p-NFAT3, and COL-I were also evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS The application of mechanical force on HGFs cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds led to a significant increases in CRT, CaN, and COL-I expression as well as a decrease in p-NFAT3 expression. However, the effects of mechanical force on CaN, p-NFAT3, and COL-I expression were reversed following downregulation of CRT and displayed a significant decrease in CaN/NFAT3 activity and COL-I synthesis. CONCLUSION This study showed that the CaN/NFAT3 signalling pathway and CRT appear to be involved in the mechanotransduction of HGFs, and downregulation of CRT inhibits COL-I synthesis potentially via the CaN/NFAT3 signalling pathway. Taken together, these findings ultimately provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying mechanical force-induced ECM synthesis, which may be conducive to the development of targeted therapeutics to treat fibrotic diseases, including gingival fibrosis caused by orthodontic treatment.
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d’Avanzo N, Bruno MC, Giudice A, Mancuso A, Gaetano FD, Cristiano MC, Paolino D, Fresta M. Influence of Materials Properties on Bio-Physical Features and Effectiveness of 3D-Scaffolds for Periodontal Regeneration. Molecules 2021; 26:1643. [PMID: 33804244 PMCID: PMC7999474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are multifactorial disorders, mainly due to severe infections and inflammation which affect the tissues (i.e., gum and dental bone) that support and surround the teeth. These pathologies are characterized by bleeding gums, pain, bad breath and, in more severe forms, can lead to the detachment of gum from teeth, causing their loss. To date it is estimated that severe periodontal diseases affect around 10% of the population worldwide thus making necessary the development of effective treatments able to both reduce the infections and inflammation in injured sites and improve the regeneration of damaged tissues. In this scenario, the use of 3D scaffolds can play a pivotal role by providing an effective platform for drugs, nanosystems, growth factors, stem cells, etc., improving the effectiveness of therapies and reducing their systemic side effects. The aim of this review is to describe the recent progress in periodontal regeneration, highlighting the influence of materials' properties used to realize three-dimensional (3D)-scaffolds, their bio-physical characteristics and their ability to provide a biocompatible platform able to embed nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola d’Avanzo
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario—Germaneto, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.d.); (M.C.B.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti−Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Bruno
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario—Germaneto, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.d.); (M.C.B.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Amerigo Giudice
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario—Germaneto, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.d.); (M.C.B.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonia Mancuso
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario—Germaneto, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.d.); (M.C.B.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica De Gaetano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Maria Chiara Cristiano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario—Germaneto, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario—Germaneto, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario—Germaneto, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.d.); (M.C.B.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
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7
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Zhao S, Nan L, Wang Y, Wei L, Mo S. Effects of Smad4 on the expression of caspase‑3 and Bcl‑2 in human gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds induced by compressive force. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:25. [PMID: 33495811 PMCID: PMC7846422 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are the main cells that comprise gingival tissue, where they transfer mechanical signals under physiological and pathological conditions. The exact mechanism underlying gingival tissue reconstruction under compressive forces remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the effects of Smad4, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 on the proliferation of HGFs induced by compressive force. HGFs were cultured on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds under an optimal compressive force of 25 g/cm2. Cell viability was determined via Cell Counting Kit-8 assays at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The expression levels of Smad4, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were measured via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The application of compressive force on HGFs for 24 h resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation and Bcl-2 expression, but a significant decrease in the expression of Smad4 and caspase-3; however, inverse trends were observed by 72 h. Subsequently, a lentivirus was used to overexpress Smad4 in HGFs, which attenuated the effects of compressive force on HGF proliferation and Bcl-2 expression, but enhanced caspase-3 expression, suggesting that Smad4 may regulate compressive force-induced apoptosis in HGFs. In conclusion, these findings increased understanding regarding the mechanisms of compressive force-induced HGF proliferation and apoptosis, which may provide further insight for improving the efficacy and stability of orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lan Nan
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Liying Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shuixue Mo
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Wu RX, Ma C, Liang Y, Chen FM, Liu X. ECM-mimicking nanofibrous matrix coaxes macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype: Cellular behaviors and transcriptome analysis. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2020; 18:100508. [PMID: 32864422 PMCID: PMC7450828 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2019.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of biomaterial cues to selectively polarize macrophages is beneficial in the design of "immuno-informed" biomaterials that positively interact with the immune system to dictate a favorable macrophage response following implantation. Given the promising future of ECM-mimicking nanofibrous biomaterials in biomedical application, it is essential to elucidate how their intrinsic cues, especially the nanofibrous architecture, affect macrophages. In the present study, we evaluated how the nanofibrous architecture of a gelatin matrix modulated macrophage responses from the perspectives of cellular behaviors and a transcriptome analysis. In our results, the nanofibrous surface attenuated M1 polarization and down-regulated the inflammatory responses of macrophages compared with a smooth surface. Besides, the cell-material interaction was up-regulated and the adhered macrophages tended to maintain an original, non-polarized state on the nanofibrous matrix. Accordingly, whole transcriptome analysis revealed that nanofibrous architecture up-regulated the pathways related to ECM-receptor interaction and down-regulated pathways related to pro-inflammation. This study provides a panoramic view of the interaction between macrophages and nanofibers, and offers valuable information for the design of immunomodulatory ECM-mimicking biomaterials for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Yongxi Liang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
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Guo B, Tang C, Wang M, Zhao Z, Shokoohi-Tabrizi HA, Shi B, Andrukhov O, Rausch-Fan X. In vitro biocompatibility of biohybrid polymers membrane evaluated in human gingival fibroblasts. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2590-2598. [PMID: 32096606 PMCID: PMC7383566 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biohybrid polymer membrane (BHM) is a new biomaterial designed for the treatment of soft periodontal tissue defects. We aimed to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of the membrane in human gingival fibroblasts and the capability to induce cell adhesion, migration, differentiation and improving the production of the extracellular matrix. BHM and Mucograft® collagen matrix (MCM) membranes were punched into 6 mm diameter round discs and placed in 96‐well plates. Human primary gingival fibroblasts were seeded on the membranes or tissue culture plastic (TCP) serving as the control. Cell proliferation/viability and morphology were evaluated after 3, 7, and 14 days of culture by cell counting kit (CCK)‐8 assay and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Additionally, the gene expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), collagen type 1 (Col1), alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), and fibroblasts growth factor (FGF)‐2 was analyzed at 3, 7, and 14 days of culture by qPCR. Cell proliferation on BHM was significantly higher than on MCM and similar to TCP. Gene expression of TGF‐β1, FAK, Col1, and α‐SMA were significantly increased on BHM compared to TCP at most investigated time points. However, the gene expression of FGF‐2 was significantly decreased on BHM at Day 7 and recovered at Day 14 to the levels similar to TCP. The finding of this study showed that BHM is superior for gingival fibroblasts in terms of adhesion, proliferation, and gene expression, suggesting that this membrane may promote the healing of soft periodontal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chuhua Tang
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Stomatology, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Mingguo Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongqi Zhao
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hassan A Shokoohi-Tabrizi
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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10
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Wei L, Chen Q, Zheng Y, Nan L, Liao N, Mo S. Potential Role of Integrin α₅β₁/Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Actin Cytoskeleton in the Mechanotransduction and Response of Human Gingival Fibroblasts Cultured on a 3-Dimension Lactide-Co-Glycolide (3D PLGA) Scaffold. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921626. [PMID: 32034900 PMCID: PMC7027369 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stability of orthodontic treatment is thought to be significantly affected by the compression and retraction of gingival tissues, but the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully elucidated. The objectives of our study were to explore the effects of mechanical force on the ECM-integrin-cytoskeleton linkage response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured on 3-dimension (3D) lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) biological scaffold and to further study the mechanotransduction pathways that could be involved. MATERIAL AND METHODS A compressive force of 25 g/m² was applied to the HGFs-PLGA 3D co-cultured model. Rhodamine-phalloidin staining was used to evaluate the filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton. The expression level of type I collagen (COL-1) and the activation of the integrin alpha₅ß₁/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway were determined by using real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis. The impacts of the applied force on the expression levels of FAK, phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), and COL-1 were also measured in cells treated with integrin alpha₅ß₁ inhibitor (Ac-PHSCN-NH 2, ATN-161). RESULTS Mechanical force increased the expression of integrin alpha₅ß₁, FAK (p-FAK), and COL-1 in HGFs, and induced the formation of stress fibers. Blocking integrin alpha₅ß₁ reduced the expression of FAK (p-FAK), while the expression of COL-1 was not fully inhibited. CONCLUSIONS The integrin alpha₅ß₁/FAK signaling pathway and actin cytoskeleton appear to be involved in the mechanotransduction of HGFs. There could be other mechanisms involved in the promotion effect of mechanical force on collagen synthesis in addition to the integrin alpha₅ß₁ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland).,Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Lan Nan
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ni Liao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shuixue Mo
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
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11
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Liu P, Li Q, Yang Q, Zhang S, Lin C, Zhang G, Tang Z. Three-dimensional cell printing of gingival fibroblast/acellular dermal matrix/gelatin–sodium alginate scaffolds and their biocompatibility evaluation in vitro. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15926-15935. [PMID: 35493638 PMCID: PMC9052548 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02082f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
3D cell printing of gingival fibroblast/acellular dermal matrix/gelatin–sodium alginate scaffolds showed satisfactory biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Second Clinical Division
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology
| | - Qing Li
- Second Clinical Division
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- Center of Digital Dentistry
| | - Qiaolin Yang
- Department of Orthodontics
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- Second Clinical Division
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Chunping Lin
- Second Clinical Division
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratories of Biochemical Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Tang
- Second Clinical Division
- Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology
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12
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Turner KR, Adams C, Staelens S, Deckmyn H, San Antonio J. Crucial Role for Endothelial Cell α2β1 Integrin Receptor Clustering in Collagen-Induced Angiogenesis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:1604-1618. [PMID: 31581346 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial mechanism of vascular growth and regeneration that requires biosynthesis and cross-linking of collagens in vivo and is induced by collagen in vitro. Here, we use an in vitro model in which apical Type I collagen gels rapidly induce angiogenesis in endothelial monolayers. We extend previous studies demonstrating the importance of the endothelial α2β1 integrin, a key collagen receptor, in angiogenesis by investigating the roles of receptor clustering and conformational activation. Immunocytochemical localization of α2β1 integrins in endothelial monolayers showed a concentration of integrins along cell-cell borders. After inducing angiogenesis with collagen, the receptors redistributed to apical cell surfaces, aligning with collagen fibers, which were also redistributed during angiogenesis. Levels of conformationally activated α2β1 integrins were unchanged during angiogenesis and undetected on endothelial cells binding collagen in suspension. We mimicked the polyvalency of collagen fibrils using antibody-coated polystyrene beads to cluster endothelial cell surface α2β1 integrins, which induced rapid angiogenesis in the absence of collagen gels. Clustering of αvβ3 integrins and PECAM-1 but not of α1 integrins also induced angiogenesis. Soluble antibodies alone had no effect. Thus, the angiogenic property of collagen may reside in its ability to ligate and cluster cell surface receptors such as α2β1 integrins. Furthermore, synthetic substrates that promote the clustering of select endothelial cell surface receptors mimic the angiogenic properties of Type I collagen and may have applications in promoting vascularization of engineered tissues. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Turner
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christopher Adams
- Department of Anatomy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephanie Staelens
- Agrosavfe NV, Ghent, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Hans Deckmyn
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - James San Antonio
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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13
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Nan L, Zheng Y, Liao N, Li S, Wang Y, Chen Z, Wei L, Zhao S, Mo S. Mechanical force promotes the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds via TGF‑β expression. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2107-2114. [PMID: 30664222 PMCID: PMC6390077 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are responsible for connective tissue repair and scarring, and are exposed to mechanical forces under physiological and pathological conditions. The exact mechanisms underlying gingival tissue reconstruction under mechanical forces remain unclear. The present study aimfed to investigate the effects of mechanical forces on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis in HGFs by establishing a 3-dimensional (3D) HGF culture model using poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds. HGFs were cultured in 3D PLGA scaffolds and a mechanical force of 0, 5, 15, 25 or 35 g/cm2 was applied to HGFs for 24 h. A mechanical force of 25 g/cm2 induced the highest proliferation rate, and thus was selected for subsequent experiments. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. The expression levels of type I collagen (COL-1) and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-1 were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression was evaluated by ELISA. The application of mechanical force on HGFs cultured on the 3D PLGA scaffolds resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation and COL-1 expression, as well as a decrease in MMP-1 expression. A TGF-β1 inhibitor was also applied, which attenuated the effects of mechanical force on HGF proliferation, and COL-1 and MMP-1 expression, thus suggesting that TGF-β signaling pathways may mediate the mechanical force-induced alterations observed in HGFs. In conclusion, these findings helped to clarify the mechanisms underlying mechanical force-induced HGF proliferation and ECM synthesis, which may promote the development of targeted therapeutics to treat various diseases, including gingival atrophy caused by orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Nan
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ni Liao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Songze Li
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Liying Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shuixue Mo
- Department of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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14
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Meng D, Dong L, Yuan Y, Jiang Q. In vitro and in vivo analysis of the biocompatibility of two novel and injectable calcium phosphate cements. Regen Biomater 2018; 6:13-19. [PMID: 30740238 PMCID: PMC6362821 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rby027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes for many years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of two novel injectable, bioactive cements: β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/CPC and chitosan microsphere/CPC in vitro and in vivo. This was accomplished by culturing mouse pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) on discs and pastes of CPCs. Cell growth, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation were assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and alkaline phosphatase assays as well as by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence. The effect of CPC paste curing was also evaluated. Implantation of two materials into the muscle tissue of rabbits was also studied and evaluated by histological analysis. Cell analysis indicated good biocompatibility in vitro. The fluorescence assay suggested that the cured material discs had no obvious effect on cell growth, while the curing process did. Histological examination showed no inflammatory cell infiltration into soft tissue. These data suggest that β-TCP/CPC and chitosan microsphere/CPC composites may be promising injectable material for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Meng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Energy Science Building, Beijing, China
| | - Yafei Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Ma C, Chang B, Jing Y, Kim H, Liu X. Bio-Inspired Micropatterned Platforms Recapitulate 3D Physiological Morphologies of Bone and Dentinal Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1801037. [PMID: 30581705 PMCID: PMC6299721 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cells exhibit distinct 3D morphologies in vivo, and recapitulation of physiological cell morphologies in vitro is pivotal not only to elucidate many fundamental biological questions, but also to develop new approaches for tissue regeneration and drug screening. However, conventional cell culture methods in either a 2D petri dish or a 3D scaffold often lead to the loss of the physiological morphologies for many cells, such as bone cells (osteocytes) and dentinal cells (odontoblasts). Herein, a unique approach in developing a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)-like micropatterned synthetic matrix as a physiologically relevant 3D platform is reported to recapitulate the morphologies of osteocytes and odontoblasts in vitro. The bio-inspired micropatterned matrix precisely mimics the hierarchic 3D nanofibrous tubular/canaliculi architecture as well as the compositions of the ECM of mineralized tissues, and is capable of controlling one single cell in a microisland of the matrix. Using this bio-inspired 3D platform, individual bone and dental stem cells are successfully manipulated to recapitulate the physiological morphologies of osteocytes and odontoblasts in vitro, respectively. This work provides an excellent platform for an in-depth understanding of cell-matrix interactions in 3D environments, paving the way for designing next-generation biomaterials for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ma
- Department of Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M University College of DentistryDallasTX75246USA
| | - Bei Chang
- Department of Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M University College of DentistryDallasTX75246USA
| | - Yan Jing
- Department of OrthodonticsTexas A&M University College of DentistryDallasTX75246USA
| | - Harry Kim
- Department of OrthopaedicsTexas Scottish Rite Hospital for ChildrenUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterTX75219USA
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M University College of DentistryDallasTX75246USA
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16
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Zhao C, Wang X, Gao L, Jing L, Zhou Q, Chang J. The role of the micro-pattern and nano-topography of hydroxyapatite bioceramics on stimulating osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2018; 73:509-521. [PMID: 29678674 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The micro/nano hybrid structure is considered to be a biomaterial characteristic to stimulate osteogenesis by mimicking the three-dimensional structure of the bone matrix. However, the mechanism of the hybrid structure induced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells is still unknown. For elucidating the mechanisms, one of the challenge is to directly fabricate micro/nano hybrid structure on bioceramics because of its brittleness. In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramics with the micro/nano hybrid structure were firstly fabricated via a hydrothermal treatment and template method, and the effect of the different surface structures on the expression of integrins, BMP2 signaling pathways and cell-cell communication was investigated. Interestingly, the results suggested that the osteogenic differentiation induced by micro/nano structures was modulated first through activating integrins and then further activating BMP2 signaling pathway and cell-cell communication, while activated BMP2 could in turn activate integrins and Cx43-related cell-cell communication. Furthermore, differences in activation of integrins, BMP2 signaling pathway, and gap junction-mediated cell-cell communication were observed, in which nanorod and micropattern structures activated different integrin subunits, BMP downstream receptors and Cx43. This finding may explain the synergistic effect of the micro/nano hybrid structure on the activation of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Based on our study, we concluded that the different activation mechanisms of micro- and nano-structures led to the synergistic stimulatory effect on integrin activation and osteogenesis, in which not only the direct contact of cells on micro/nano structure played an important role, but also other surface characteristics such as protein adsorption might contribute to the bioactive effect. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The micro/nano hybrid structure has been found to have synergistic bioactivity on osteogenesis. However, it is still a challenge to fabricate the hybrid structure directly on the bioceramics, and the role of micro- and nano-structure, in particular the mechanism of the micro/nano-hybrid structure induced stem cell differentiation is still unknown. In this study, we firstly fabricated hydroxyapatite bioceramics with the micro/nano hybrid structure, and then investigated the effect of different surface structure on expression of integrins, BMP2 signaling pathways and cell-cell communication. Interestingly, we found that the osteogenic differentiation induced by structure was modulated first through activating integrins and then further activating BMP2 signaling pathway and cell-cell communication, and activated BMP2 could in turn activate some integrin subunits and Cx43-related cell-cell communication. Furthermore, differences in activation of integrins, BMP2 signaling pathway, and gap junction-mediated cell-cell communication were observed, in which nanorod and micropattern structures activated different integrin subunits, BMP downstream receptors and Cx43. This finding may explain the synergistic effect of the micro/nano hybrid structure on the activation of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Based on our study, we concluded that the different activation mechanisms of micro- and nano-structures led to the synergistic stimulatory effect on integrin activation and osteogenesis, in which not only the direct contact of cells on micro/nano structure played an important role, but also other surface characteristics such as protein adsorption might contribute to the bioactive effect.
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17
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Ma C, Qu T, Chang B, Jing Y, Feng JQ, Liu X. 3D Maskless Micropatterning for Regeneration of Highly Organized Tubular Tissues. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:10.1002/adhm.201700738. [PMID: 29121452 PMCID: PMC5803393 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Micropatterning is a widely used powerful tool to create highly ordered microstructures on material surfaces. However, due to technical limitations, the integration of micropatterned microstructures into bioinspired 3D scaffolds to successfully regenerate well-organized functional tissues is not achieved. In this work, a unique maskless micropatterning technology is reported to create 3D nanofibrous matrices with highly organized tubular architecture for tissue regeneration. This micropatterning method is a laser-guided, noncontact, high-precision, flexible computer programming of machining process that can create highly ordered tubules with the density ranged from 1000 to 60 000 mm-2 and the size varied from 300 nm to 30 µm in the bioinspired 3D matrix. The tubular architecture presents pivotal biophysical cues to control dental pulp stem cell alignment, migration, polarization, and differentiation. More importantly, when using this 3D tubular hierarchical matrix as a scaffold, this study successfully regenerates functional tubular dentin that has the same well-organized microstructure as its natural counterpart. This 3D maskless micropattern approach represents a powerful avenue not only for the exploration of cell-material interactions in 3D, but also for the regeneration of functional tissues with well-organized microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ma
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Tiejun Qu
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Bei Chang
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Yan Jing
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Jerry Q Feng
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
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18
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Hu Z, Ma C, Rong X, Zou S, Liu X. Immunomodulatory ECM-like Microspheres for Accelerated Bone Regeneration in Diabetes Mellitus. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:2377-2390. [PMID: 29280610 PMCID: PMC6437671 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone repair and regeneration process is markedly impaired in diabetes mellitus (DM) that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. As a chronic inflammatory disease, DM creates a proinflammatory microenvironment in defective sites. Most of the studies on DM-associated bone regeneration, however, neglect the importance of immunomodulation under the DM condition and adopt the same approaches to normal bone healing, leading to limited bone healing. In this study, we developed a unique bioinspired injectable microsphere as an osteoimmunomodulatory biomaterial that modulates macrophages to create a prohealing microenvironment under the DM condition. The microsphere was self-assembled with heparin-modified gelatin nanofibers, and interleukin 4 (IL4) was incorporated into the nanofibrous heparin-modified gelatin microsphere (NHG-MS). IL4 has binding domains with heparin, and the binding of IL4 to heparin stabilizes this cytokine, protects it from denaturation and degradation, and subsequently prolongs its sustained release to modulate macrophage polarization. The IL4-loaded NHG-MS switched the proinflammatory M1 macrophage into a prohealing M2 phenotype, recovered the M2/M1 ratio to a normal level, efficiently resolved the inflammation, and ultimately enhanced osteoblastic differentiation and bone regeneration. The development of osteoimmunomodulatory biomaterials that harness the power of macrophages for immunomodulation, therefore, is a novel and promising strategy to enhance bone regeneration under DM condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Chi Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Xin Rong
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding Authors (S.Z.)., (X.L.)
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
- Corresponding Authors (S.Z.)., (X.L.)
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19
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20
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Cementum and Periodontal Ligament Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 881:207-36. [PMID: 26545752 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22345-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique anatomy and composition of the periodontium make periodontal tissue healing and regeneration a complex process. Periodontal regeneration aims to recapitulate the crucial stages of wound healing associated with periodontal development in order to restore lost tissues to their original form and function and for regeneration to occur, healing events must progress in an ordered and programmed sequence both temporally and spatially, replicating key developmental events. A number of procedures have been employed to promote true and predictable regeneration of the periodontium. Principally, the approaches are based on the use of graft materials to compensate for the bone loss incurred as a result of periodontal disease, use of barrier membranes for guided tissue regeneration and use of bioactive molecules. More recently, the concept of tissue engineering has been integrated into research and applications of regenerative dentistry, including periodontics, to aim to manage damaged and lost oral tissues, through reconstruction and regeneration of the periodontium and alleviate the shortcomings of more conventional therapeutic options. The essential components for generating effective cellular based therapeutic strategies include a population of multi-potential progenitor cells, presence of signalling molecules/inductive morphogenic signals and a conductive extracellular matrix scaffold or appropriate delivery system. Mesenchymal stem cells are considered suitable candidates for cell-based tissue engineering strategies owing to their extensive expansion rate and potential to differentiate into cells of multiple organs and systems. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from multiple tissue sources have been investigated in pre-clinical animal studies and clinical settings for the treatment and regeneration of the periodontium.
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Kim JH, Park CH, Perez RA, Lee HY, Jang JH, Lee HH, Wall IB, Shi S, Kim HW. Advanced biomatrix designs for regenerative therapy of periodontal tissues. J Dent Res 2014; 93:1203-11. [PMID: 25139364 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514540682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that causes loss of the tooth-supporting apparatus, including periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. A broad range of treatment options is currently available to restore the structure and function of the periodontal tissues. A regenerative approach, among others, is now considered the most promising paradigm for this purpose, harnessing the unique properties of stem cells. How to make full use of the body's innate regenerative capacity is thus a key issue. While stem cells and bioactive factors are essential components in the regenerative processes, matrices play pivotal roles in recapitulating stem cell functions and potentiating therapeutic actions of bioactive molecules. Moreover, the positions of appropriate bioactive matrices relative to the injury site may stimulate the innate regenerative stem cell populations, removing the need to deliver cells that have been manipulated outside of the body. In this topical review, we update views on advanced designs of biomatrices-including mimicking of the native extracellular matrix, providing mechanical stimulation, activating cell-driven matrices, and delivering bioactive factors in a controllable manner-which are ultimately useful for the regenerative therapy of periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Park
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - R A Perez
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 400-712, Republic of Korea
| | - H H Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - I B Wall
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - S Shi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - H W Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
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Cheung JW, Rose EE, Paul Santerre J. Perfused culture of gingival fibroblasts in a degradable/polar/hydrophobic/ionic polyurethane (D-PHI) scaffold leads to enhanced proliferation and metabolic activity. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:6867-75. [PMID: 23416579 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases cause the breakdown of the tooth-supporting gingival tissue. In treatments aimed at gingival tissue regeneration, tissue engineering is preferred over the common treatments such as scaling. Perfused (dynamic) culture has been shown to increase cell growth in tissue-engineered scaffolds. Since gingival tissues are highly vascularized, it was desired to investigate the influence of perfusion on the function of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) when cultured in a degradable/polar/hydrophobic/ionic polyurethane scaffold during the early culture phase (4weeks) of engineering gingival tissues. It was observed that the growth of HGF was continuous over 28days in dynamic culture (3-fold increase, p<0.05), while it was reduced after 14days in static culture (i.e. no flow condition). Cell metabolic activity, as measured by a WST-1 assay, and total protein production show that HGF were in different metabolic states in the dynamic vs. static cultures. Observations from scanning electron microscopy and type I collagen (Col I) production measured by Western blotting suggest that medium perfusion significantly promoted collagen production in HGF after the first 4weeks of culture (p<0.05). The different proliferative and metabolic states for HGF in the perfused scaffolds suggest a different cell phenotype which may favour tissue regeneration.
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