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Natural Sources, Pharmacological Properties, and Health Benefits of Daucosterol: Versatility of Actions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12125779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Daucosterol is a saponin present in various natural sources, including medicinal plant families. This secondary metabolite is produced at different contents depending on species, extraction techniques, and plant parts used. Currently, daucosterol has been tested and explored for its various biological activities. The results reveal potential pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer. Indeed, daucosterol possesses important anticancer effects in many signaling pathways, such as an increase in pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl2, a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, upregulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and distortion of cell-cycle progression and tumor cell evolution. Its neuroprotective effect is via decreased caspase-3 activation in neurons and during simulated reperfusion (OGD/R), increased IGF1 protein expression (decreasing the downregulation of p-AKT3 and p-GSK-3b4), and activation of the AKT5 signaling pathway. At the same time, daucosterol inhibits key glucose metabolism enzymes to keep blood sugar levels within normal ranges. Therefore, this review describes the principal research on the pharmacological activities of daucosterol and the mechanisms of action underlying some of these effects. Moreover, further investigation of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology are suggested.
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Jiang T, Dai X, Gao T, Wang L, Yang F, Zhang Y, Wang N, Huang G, Cao J. Ancepsone A, a New Cheilanthane Sesterterpene from Aleuritopteris anceps. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Emam KK, Abdel Fattah ME, El Rayes SM, Hebishy MA, Dessouki AA. Assessment of Wheat Germ Oil Role in the Prevention of Induced Breast Cancer in Rats. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13942-13952. [PMID: 35559156 PMCID: PMC9089347 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most predominant cause of death in women globally. The current study was performed to evaluate the possible protective role of wheat germ oil (WGO), wheat germ powder (WGP), and vitamin E (Vit E) against breast carcinoma induced by the environmental carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in Sprague Dawely albino rats. Eighty female rats were divided into eight groups, each of ten rats. All protective agents were taken 21 days prior to DMBA treatment. Group I served as the normal control. Group II received Vit E (100 mg/kg BW/d) by gavage. Group III was fed a 20% WGP enriched basal diet. Group IV received WGO (270 mg/kg BW/d) by gavage. Group V received DMBA (50 mg/kg body weight/subcutaneous injection). Group VI received Vit E + DMBA. Group VII received WGP + DMBA. Group VIII received WGO + DMBA. The investigation focused on bodyweights, complete blood picture (CBC), cancer antigen 15.3 (CA15.3), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Results showed that all cancer protective agents significantly improved CBC parameters, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and the histopathology picture, with the best improvement in the WGO group. In addition, WGO, WGP, and Vit E decreased the CA15.3 and MDA levels and elevated both the SOD and CAT levels compared to the DMBA group. Consequently, supplementation with WGO, WGP, and Vit E protects against lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress and reduces breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kholoud Khaled Emam
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Suez
Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | | | - Samir Mohamed El Rayes
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Suez
Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | | | - Amina Ali Dessouki
- Department
of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Zingue S, Mindang ELN, Awounfack FC, Kalgonbe AY, Kada MM, Njamen D, Ndinteh DT. Oral administration of tartrazine (E102) accelerates the incidence and the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:303. [PMID: 34972512 PMCID: PMC8720219 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the considerable advances made in the treatment of cancer, it remains a global threat. Tartrazine (E102) is a synthetic dye widely used in food industries; it has recently been shown to induce oxidative stress (a well known risk factor of cancer) in rat tissues. The present work therefore aimed to assess the impact of a regular consumption of tartrazine on the incidence of breast cancer in rats. METHODS Forty (40) Wistar rats aged 55 to 60 days were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n = 8) including two groups serving as normal controls and receiving distilled water (NOR) or tartrazine (NOR + TARZ). The three remaining groups were exposed to the carcinogen DMBA (50 mg/kg) and treated for 20 weeks with either distilled water (DMBA), tartrazine 50 mg/kg (DMBA + TARZ) or a natural dye (DMBA + COL). The parameters evaluated were the incidence, morphology and some biomarkers (CA 15-3, estradiol and α-fetoprotein) of breast cancer. The oxidative status and histomorphology of the tumors were also assessed. RESULTS A regular intake of tartrazine led to an early incidence of tumors (100% in rats that received TARZ only vs 80% in rats that received DMBA only), with significantly larger tumors (p < 0.001) (mass = 3500 mg/kg and volume = 4 cm3). The invasive breast carcinoma observed on the histological sections of the animals of the DMBA + TARZ group was more developed than those of the DMBA group. The increase in serum α-fetoprotein (p < 0.05) and CA 15-3 (p < 0.01) levels corroborate the changes observed in tumors. The presence of oxidative activity in animals of the DMBA + TARZ group was confirmed by a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) as well as the level of GSH and increase in the level of MDA compared to the rats of the DMBA and NOR groups. CONCLUSION Tartrazine therefore appears to be a promoter of DMBA-induced breast tumorigenesis in rats through its oxidative potential. This work encourages further studies on the mechanisms of action of tartrazine (E102) and its limits of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Medical and Biomedical Engineering, Higher Technical Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 886, Ebolowa, Cameroon.
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
| | | | - Florence Charline Awounfack
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Abel Yanfou Kalgonbe
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Moustapha Mohamet Kada
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
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Cioccoloni G, Soteriou C, Websdale A, Wallis L, Zulyniak MA, Thorne JL. Phytosterols and phytostanols and the hallmarks of cancer in model organisms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1145-1165. [PMID: 33238719 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1835820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Cioccoloni
- Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Chrysa Soteriou
- Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Alex Websdale
- Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Lewis Wallis
- Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | | | - James L. Thorne
- Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
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