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Nentwich M, Zschornak M, Sonntag M, Gumeniuk R, Gemming S, Leisegang T, Meyer DC. Structure variations within RSi 2 and R 2TSi 3 silicides. Part I. Structure overview. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2020; 76:177-200. [PMID: 32831221 PMCID: PMC7137784 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520620001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, structural parameters of various structure reports on RSi2 and R2TSi3 compounds [where R is an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal (i.e. an element of the Sc group or a lathanide), or an actinide and T is a transition metal] are summarized. The parameters comprising composition, lattice parameters a and c, ratio c/a, formula unit per unit cell and structure type are tabulated. The relationships between the underlying structure types are presented within a group-subgroup scheme (Bärnighausen diagram). Additionally, unexpectedly missing compounds within the R2TSi3 compounds were examined with density functional theory and compounds that are promising candidates for synthesis are listed. Furthermore, a correlation was detected between the orthorhombic AlB2-like lattices of, for example, Ca2AgSi3 and the divalence of R and the monovalence of T. Finally, a potential tetragonal structure with ordered Si/T sites is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nentwich
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - M. Zschornak
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - M. Sonntag
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - R. Gumeniuk
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - S. Gemming
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - T. Leisegang
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
- Samara Center for Theoretical Materials Science, Samara National Research University, 443086 Samara, Russia
| | - D. C. Meyer
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
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Hydrogenation Properties of LnAl2 (Ln = La, Eu, Yb), LaGa2, LaSi2 and the Crystal Structure of LaGa2H0.71(2). CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9040193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many Zintl phases take up hydrogen and form hydrides. Hydrogen atoms occupy interstitial sites formed by alkali or alkaline earth metals and / or bind covalently to the polyanions. The latter is the case for polyanionic hydrides like SrTr2H2 (Tr = Al, Ga) with slightly puckered honeycomb-like polyanions decorated with hydrogen atoms. This study addresses the hydrogenation behavior of LnTr2, where the lanthanide metals Ln introduce one additional valence electron. Hydrogenation reactions were performed in autoclaves and followed by thermal analysis up to 5.0 MPa hydrogen gas pressure. Products were analyzed by powder X-ray and neutron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and NMR spectroscopy. Phases LnAl2 (Ln = La, Eu, Yb) decompose into binary hydrides and aluminium-rich intermetallics upon hydrogenation, while LaGa2 forms a ternary hydride LaGa2H0.71(2). Hydrogen atoms are statistically distributed over two kinds of trigonal-bipyramidal La3Ga2 interstitials with 67% and 4% occupancy, respectively. Ga-H distances (2.4992(2) Å) are considerably longer than in polyanionic hydrides and not indicative of covalent bonding. 2H solid-state NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations on Density Functional Theory (DFT) level confirm that LaGa2H0.7 is a typical interstitial metallic hydride.
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Peter SC, Kanatzidis MG. ThSi2 Type Ytterbium Disilicide and its Analogues YbTxSi2-x (T = Cr, Fe, Co). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Drake BL, Kangas MJ, Capan C, Haldolaarachchige N, Xiong Y, Adams PW, Young DP, Chan JY. Crystal growth, structure, and physical properties of Ln(Ag, Al, Si)₂ (Ln = Ce and Gd). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:426002. [PMID: 21403316 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/42/426002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of CeM₂ and GdM₂ (M = Ag, Al, and Si) were grown by the flux growth technique and characterized by means of single crystal x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, and heat capacity measurements. CeM₂ and GdM₂ crystallize in the tetragonal I4(1)/amd space group with the α-ThSi₂ structure type with lattice parameters a ~4.2 Å and c ~14.4 Å. Curie-Weiss behavior is observed for both analogues with CeM₂ ordering first ferromagnetically at 11 K with a second antiferromagnetic transition at 8.8 K while GdM₂ orders antiferromagnetically at 24 K. Heat capacity measurements on CeM₂ show two magnetic transitions at 10.8 and 8.8 K with an electronic specific heat coefficient, γ(0), of ~53 mJ K(-2) mol(-1). The entropy at the magnetic transition is less than the expected Rln2 for CeM₂, reinforcing the assertions of an enhanced mass state and Kondo behavior being observed in the resistivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenton L Drake
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Gurin VN. Methods for the Preparation of Refractory Compounds of Transition Metals and Prospects for Their Development. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc1972v041n04abeh002059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kanatzidis MG, Pöttgen R, Jeitschko W. The Metal Flux: A Preparative Tool for the Exploration of Intermetallic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:6996-7023. [PMID: 16259022 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200462170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the use and great potential of liquid metals as exotic and powerful solvents (i.e. fluxes) for the synthesis of intermetallic phases. The results presented demonstrate that considerable advances in the discovery of novel and complex phases are achievable utilizing molten metals as solvents. A wide cross-section of examples of flux-grown intermetallic phases and related solids are discussed and a brief history of the origins of flux chemistry is given. The most commonly used metal fluxes are surveyed and where possible, the underlying principal reasons that make the flux reaction work are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 320 Chemistry Building, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
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Kanatzidis MG, Pöttgen R, Jeitschko W. Metallische Schmelzen - Reaktionsmedien zur Präparation intermetallischer Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200462170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chen XZ, Sieve B, Henning R, Schultz AJ, Brazis P, Kannewurf CR, Cowen JA, Crosby R, Kanatzidis MG. Ln2Al3Si2 (Ln = Ho, Er, Tm): neue Silicide aus Aluminiumschmelzen – Bestimmung der Al/Si-Verteilung mit Neutronenkristallographie und metamagnetische Übergänge. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990301)111:5<695::aid-ange695>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Flandorfer H, Kaczorowski D, Gröbner J, Rogl P, Wouters R, Godart C, Kostikas A. The Systems Ce–Al–(Si, Ge): Phase Equilibria and Physical Properties. J SOLID STATE CHEM 1998. [DOI: 10.1006/jssc.1997.7660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Patthey F, Schneider W, Baer Y, Delley B. High-temperature collapse of the Kondo resonance in CeSi2 observed by photoemission. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 58:2810-2813. [PMID: 10034855 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.2810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Shaheen SA, Schilling JS. Ferromagnetism of CeSix at ambient and high pressure. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 35:6880-6887. [PMID: 9940945 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.35.6880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Chapter 51 Phase equilibria in ternary and higher order systems with rare earth elements and silicon. HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1273(84)07004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Iandelli A, Palenzona A, Olcese G. Valence fluctuations of ytterbium in silicon-rich compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-5088(79)90172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Siekierski S. The shape of the lanthanide contraction as reflected in the changes of the unit cell volumes, lanthanide radius and the free energy of complex formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-1902(71)80379-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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