1
|
Richardson RJ, Fink JK, Glynn P, Hufnagel RB, Makhaeva GF, Wijeyesakere SJ. Neuropathy target esterase (NTE/PNPLA6) and organophosphorus compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN). ADVANCES IN NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2020; 4:1-78. [PMID: 32518884 PMCID: PMC7271139 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE) with certain organophosphorus (OP) compounds produces OP compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN), a distal degeneration of axons in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), thereby providing a powerful model for studying a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. Axonopathies are important medical entities in their own right, but in addition, illnesses once considered primary neuronopathies are now thought to begin with axonal degeneration. These disorders include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Moreover, conditional knockout of NTE in the mouse CNS produces vacuolation and other degenerative changes in large neurons in the hippocampus, thalamus, and cerebellum, along with degeneration and swelling of axons in ascending and descending spinal cord tracts. In humans, NTE mutations cause a variety of neurodegenerative conditions resulting in a range of deficits including spastic paraplegia and blindness. Mutations in the Drosophila NTE orthologue SwissCheese (SWS) produce neurodegeneration characterized by vacuolization that can be partially rescued by expression of wild-type human NTE, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for certain human neurological disorders. This chapter defines NTE and OPIDN, presents an overview of OP compounds, provides a rationale for NTE research, and traces the history of discovery of NTE and its relationship to OPIDN. It then briefly describes subsequent studies of NTE, including practical applications of the assay; aspects of its domain structure, subcellular localization, and tissue expression; abnormalities associated with NTE mutations, knockdown, and conventional or conditional knockout; and hypothetical models to help guide future research on elucidating the role of NTE in OPIDN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudy J. Richardson
- Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Corresponding author:
| | - John K. Fink
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Paul Glynn
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B. Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Galina F. Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Sanjeeva J. Wijeyesakere
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Makhaeva GF, Rudakova EV, Serebryakova OG, Aksinenko AY, Lushchekina SV, Bachurin SO, Richardson RJ. Esterase profiles of organophosphorus compounds in vitro predict their behavior in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 259:332-342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
3
|
Makhaeva GF, Rudakova EV, Sigolaeva LV, Kurochkin IN, Richardson RJ. Neuropathy target esterase in mouse whole blood as a biomarker of exposure to neuropathic organophosphorus compounds. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:1468-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Galina F. Makhaeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; Chernogolovka Moscow Region 142432 Russia
| | - Elena V. Rudakova
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; Chernogolovka Moscow Region 142432 Russia
| | - Larisa V. Sigolaeva
- Laboratory of Postgenomic Chemistry, Division of Chemical Enzymology, Chemistry Department; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Leninskie Gory Moscow Russia
| | - Ilya N. Kurochkin
- Laboratory of Postgenomic Chemistry, Division of Chemical Enzymology, Chemistry Department; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Leninskie Gory Moscow Russia
| | - Rudy J. Richardson
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental Health Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
- Department of Neurology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
References. Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1201/b11478-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
5
|
Sigolaeva L, Makhaeva G, Rudakova E, Boltneva N, Porus M, Dubacheva G, Eremenko A, Kurochkin I, Richardson RJ. Biosensor analysis of blood esterases for organophosphorus compounds exposure assessment: Approaches to simultaneous determination of several esterases. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 187:312-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Revised: 01/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
Warsinke A, Lettau K, Werner D, Micheel B, Kwak YK. Biomimetische Binder und Katalysatoren für die Sensorik (Biomimetic Binders and Catalysts for Sensorics). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/teme.70.12.585.20267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biosensoren, die die spezifischen Bindungseigenschaften von Enzymen, Antikörpern und Nukleinsäuren ausnutzen, sind in der Vergangenheit in großer Anzahl für die Detektion von Metaboliten, Hormonen und speziellen Nukleinsäuresequenzen beschrieben worden. Neuere Entwicklungen sind darauf gerichtet, neben biologischen auch biomimetische Erkennungselemente einzusetzen. Die Verwendung dieser Elemente könnte in Zukunft zu einer Erweiterung des detektierbaren Analytspektrums und zu höheren Funktionsstabilitäten der Sensoren führen. Dabei erscheinen Antikörper, Aptamere und molekular geprägte Polymere als besonders geeignet. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Herstellung von Biomimetika in Form von Antikörpern und molekularen Imprints zur Creatininbindung und zur Phenylcarbamathydrolyse beschrieben und die Kombinationen mit elektrochemischen Sensoren aufgezeigt.
Collapse
|
7
|
Multi-Strip Assay and Multimodal Biosensors for Environmental and Medical Monitoring of Neurotoxicants. COUNTERACTION TO CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM IN EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-2342-1_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
8
|
Makhaeva G, Rudakova E, Boltneva N, Sigolaeva L, Eremenko A, Kurochkin I, Richardson R. Blood Esterases as a Complex Biomarker for Exposure to Organophosphorus Compounds. COUNTERACTION TO CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM IN EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-2342-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
9
|
Makhaeva GF, Malygin VV, Strakhova NN, Sigolaeva LV, Sokolovskaya LG, Eremenko AV, Kurochkin IN, Richardson RJ. Biosensor assay of neuropathy target esterase in whole blood as a new approach to OPIDN risk assessment: review of progress. Hum Exp Toxicol 2007; 26:273-82. [PMID: 17615108 DOI: 10.1177/0960327106070463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphates (OPs) that inhibit neuropathy target esterase (NTE) with subsequent ageing can produce OP-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN). NTE inhibition in lymphocytes can be used as a biomarker of exposure to neuropathic OPs. An electrochemical method was developed to assay NTE in whole blood. The high sensitivity of the tyrosinase carbon-paste biosensors for the phenol produced by hydrolysis of the substrate, phenyl valerate, allowed NTE activity to be measured in diluted samples of whole blood, which cannot be done using the standard colorimetric assay. The biosensor was used to establish correlations of NTE inhibitions in blood with that in lymphocytes and brain after dosing hens with a neuropathic OP. The results of further studies demonstrated that whole blood NTE is a reliable biomarker of neuropathic OPs for up to 96 hours after exposure. These validation results suggest that the biosensor NTE assay for whole blood could be developed to measure human exposure to neuropathic OPs as a predictor of OPIDN. The small blood volume required (100 microL), simplicity of sample preparation and rapid analysis times indicate that the biosensor should be useful in biomonitoring and epidemiological studies. The present paper is an overview of our previous and ongoing work in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galina F Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kohli N, Srivastava D, Sun J, Richardson RJ, Lee I, Worden RM. Nanostructured biosensor for measuring neuropathy target esterase activity. Anal Chem 2007; 79:5196-203. [PMID: 17555296 DOI: 10.1021/ac0701684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) is a membrane protein found in human neurons and other cells, including lymphocytes. Binding of certain organophosphorus (OP) compounds to NTE is believed to cause OP-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN), a type of paralysis for which there is no effective treatment. Mutations in NTE have also been linked with serious neurological diseases, such as motor neuron disease. This paper describes development of the first nanostructured biosensor interface containing a catalytically active fragment of NTE known as NEST. The biosensor was fabricated using the layer-by-layer assembly approach, by immobilizing a layer of NEST on top of multilayers consisting of a polyelectrolyte (poly-L-lysine) and an enzyme (tyrosinase). The biosensor has a response time on the order of seconds and gives a concentration-dependent decrease in sensor output in response to a known NEST (and NTE) inhibitor. Potential applications of the biosensor include screening OP compounds for NTE inhibition and investigating the enzymology of wild-type and mutant forms of NTE. Although the development of a NEST biosensor was the primary purpose of this study, we found that the approach developed for NEST could also be extended to measure the activity of other esterases involved in neural processes, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). On the basis of measured sensitivities, phenyl valerate was the preferred substrate for NEST and BChE, whereas phenyl acetate was better for AChE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kohli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kohli N, Hassler BL, Parthasarathy L, Richardson RJ, Ofoli RY, Worden RM, Lee I. Tethered Lipid Bilayers on Electrolessly Deposited Gold for Bioelectronic Applications. Biomacromolecules 2006; 7:3327-35. [PMID: 17154460 DOI: 10.1021/bm0603995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the formation of a novel biomimetic interface consisting of an electrolessly deposited gold film overlaid with a tethered bilayer lipid membrane (tBLM). Self-assembly of colloidal gold particles was used to create an electrolessly deposited gold film on a glass slide. The properties of the film were characterized using field-effect scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Bilayer lipid membranes were then tethered to the gold film by first depositing an inner molecular leaflet using a mixture of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate], 1,2-di-O-phytanyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPGP), and cystamine in ethanol onto a freshly prepared electrolessly deposited gold surface. The outer leaflet was then formed by the fusion of liposomes made from DPGP or 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine on the inner leaflet. To provide functionality, two membrane biomolecules were also incorporated into the tBLMs: the ionophore valinomycin and a segment of neuropathy target esterase containing the esterase domain. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, UV/visible spectroscopy, and fluorescence recovery after pattern photobleaching were used to characterize the resulting biomimetic interfaces and confirm the biomolecule activity of the membrane. Microcontact printing was used to form arrays of electrolessly deposited gold patterns on glass slides. Subsequent deposition of lipids yielded arrays of tBLMs. This approach can be extended to form functional biomimetic interfaces on a wide range of inexpensive materials, including plastics. Potential applications include high-throughput screening of drugs and chemicals that interact with cell membranes and for probing, and possibly controlling, interactions between living cells and synthetic membranes. In addition, the gold electrode provides the possibility of electrochemical applications, including biocatalysis, bio-fuel cells, and biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kohli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sokolovskaya LG, Sigolaeva LV, Eremenko AV, Gachok IV, Makhaeva GF, Strakhova NN, Malygin VV, Richardson RJ, Kurochkin IN. Improved Electrochemical Analysis of Neuropathy Target Esterase Activity by a Tyrosinase Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by 1-Methoxyphenazine Methosulfate. Biotechnol Lett 2005; 27:1211-8. [PMID: 16158266 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-0020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Revised: 06/08/2005] [Accepted: 06/10/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A graphite-paste tyrosinase biosensor was improved by adding 1-methoxyphenazine methosulfate as a mediator. Mediator modification enhanced sensitivity to phenol 4-fold and long-term stability 3-fold. Phenol could be detected at 25 nM (S/N = 2) using an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The biosensor was used to measure the activity of a toxicologically significant enzyme, neuropathy target esterase (NTE), which yields phenol by hydrolysis of the substrate, phenyl valerate. Using the new biosensor, blood and brain NTE inhibition by organophosphorus (OP) compounds with different neuropathic potencies were well correlated (r = 0.990, n = 7), supporting the use of blood NTE as a biochemical marker of exposure to neuropathic OP compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L G Sokolovskaya
- Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Makhaeva GF, Sigolaeva LV, Zhuravleva LV, Eremenko AV, Kurochkin IN, Malygin VV, Richardson RJ. Biosensor detection of neuropathy target esterase in whole blood as a biomarker of exposure to neuropathic organophosphorus compounds. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2003; 66:599-610. [PMID: 12746135 DOI: 10.1080/15287390309353769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) is the target protein for neuropathic organophosphorus (OP) compounds that produce OP compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN). Inhibition/aging of brain NTE within hours of exposure predicts the potential for development of OPIDN in susceptible animal models. Lymphocyte NTE has also found limited use as a biomarker of human exposure to neuropathic OP compounds. Recently, a highly sensitive biosensor was developed for NTE activity using a tyrosinase carbon-paste electrode for amperometric detection of phenol produced by hydrolysis of the substrate, phenyl valerate. The I50 (20 min at 37 degrees C) for N,N'-di-2-propylphosphorodiamidofluoridate (mipafox) against hen lymphocyte NTE was 6.94 +/- 0.28 microM amperometrically and 6.02 +/- 0.71 microM colorimetrically. For O,O-di1-propyl O-2,2-dichlorvinyl phosphate (PrDChVP), the I50 against hen brain NTE was 39 +/- 8 nM amperometrically and 42 +/- 2 nM colorimetrically. The biosensor enables NTE to be assayed in whole blood, whereas this cannot be done with the usual colorimetric method. Amperometrically, I50 values for PrDChVP against hen and human blood NTE were 66 +/- 3 and 70 +/- 14 nM, respectively. To study the possibility of using blood NTE inhibition as a biochemical marker of neuropathic OP compound exposure, NTE activities in brain and lymphocytes as well in brain and blood were measured 24 h after dosing hens with PrDChVP. Brain, lymphocyte, and blood NTE were inhibited in a dose-responsive manner, and NTE inhibition was highly correlated between brain and lymphocyte (r = .994) and between brain and blood (r = .997). The results suggest that the biosensor NTE assay for whole blood could serve as a biomarker of exposure to neuropathic OP compounds as well as a predictor of OPIDN and an adjunct to its early diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galina F Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Divritsioti MH, Karalemas ID, Georgiou CA, Papastathopoulos DS. Flow Injection Analysis System forl-Lysine Estimation in Foodstuffs Using a Biosensor Based on Lysine Oxidase Immobilization on a Gold-Poly(m-Phenylenediamine) Electrode. ANAL LETT 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120023623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|