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Montini D, Cara C, D’Arienzo M, Di Credico B, Mostoni S, Nisticò R, Pala L, Scotti R. Recent Advances on Porous Siliceous Materials Derived from Waste. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5578. [PMID: 37629869 PMCID: PMC10456868 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, significant efforts have been made in view of a transition from a linear to a circular economy, where the value of products, materials, resources, and waste is maintained as long as possible in the economy. The re-utilization of industrial and agricultural waste into value-added products, such as nanostructured siliceous materials, has become a challenging topic as an effective strategy in waste management and a sustainable model aimed to limit the use of landfill, conserve natural resources, and reduce the use of harmful substances. In light of these considerations, nanoporous silica has attracted attention in various applications owing to the tunable pore dimensions, high specific surface areas, tailorable structure, and facile post-functionalization. In this review, recent progress on the synthesis of siliceous materials from different types of waste is presented, analyzing the factors influencing the size and morphology of the final product, alongside different synthetic methods used to impart specific porosity. Applications in the fields of wastewater/gas treatment and catalysis are discussed, focusing on process feasibility in large-scale productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Montini
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, INSTM, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Claudio Cara
- Fluorsid S.p.A., Strada Macchiareddu 2a, 09032 Assemini, Italy; (C.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Massimiliano D’Arienzo
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, INSTM, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Barbara Di Credico
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, INSTM, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Silvia Mostoni
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, INSTM, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Roberto Nisticò
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, INSTM, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Luca Pala
- Fluorsid S.p.A., Strada Macchiareddu 2a, 09032 Assemini, Italy; (C.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Roberto Scotti
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, INSTM, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy; (D.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (S.M.)
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Frank ES, Fan H, Shrestha M, Riahi S, Tobias DJ, Grassian VH. Impact of Adsorbed Water on the Interaction of Limonene with Hydroxylated SiO 2: Implications of π-Hydrogen Bonding for Surfaces in Humid Environments. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10592-10599. [PMID: 33274640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The indoor environment is a dynamic one with many variables impacting indoor air quality and indoor air chemistry. These include relative humidity (RH) and the presence of different surfaces. Although it has been suggested that the indoor concentrations of gas-phase compounds increase at higher relative humidity, because of displacement of these compounds from indoor surfaces, little is known from a molecular perspective about how RH and adsorbed water impact the adsorption of indoor relevant organic compounds such as limonene with indoor relevant surfaces. Herein, we investigate the effects of RH on the adsorption of limonene, a hydrophobic molecule, on hydroxylated SiO2 surfaces, a model for glass surfaces. Experimental data using infrared spectroscopy to directly measure limonene adsorption are combined with both force field-based molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations to understand the competitive interactions between limonene, water, and the SiO2 surface. The spectroscopic data provide evidence that adsorbed limonene is not completely displaced by adsorbed water, even at high RH (∼80%) when the water layer coverage is close to three monolayers (MLs). These experimental data are supported by AIMD and MD simulations, which indicate that limonene is present at the adsorbed water interface but displaced from direct interactions with SiO2. This study shows that although some limonene can desorb from the surface, even at the highest RH, more than half the limonene remains adsorbed on the surface that can undergo continued surface reactivity. A complex network of π-hydrogen bonds, water-water hydrogen bonds, and SiO2-water hydrogen bonds explains these interactions at the air/adsorbed water/SiO2 interface that hold the hydrophobic limonene molecule at the interface. Importantly, these interactions are most likely present for a range of other systems involving organic compounds and solid surfaces at ambient relative humidity and may be important in a range of scientific areas, from sensor development to cultural heritage science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elianna S Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Hanyu Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mona Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Saleh Riahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Douglas J Tobias
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Sharma HN, Dinh LN, Leckey JH, Maxwell RS, McLean W. General H2O Outgassing Model Applicable to Silica-Filled Silicones. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hom N. Sharma
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Long N. Dinh
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - J. H. Leckey
- Y12 National Security Complex, 301 Bear Creek Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Robert S. Maxwell
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - William McLean
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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Gallego-Gómez F, Cadar C, López C, Ardelean I. Imbibition and dewetting of silica colloidal crystals: An NMR relaxometry study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 561:741-748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Németh M, Sáfrán G, Horváth A, Somodi F. Hindered methane decomposition on a coke-resistant Ni-In/SiO2 dry reforming catalyst. CATAL COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Sharma HN, Harley SJ, Sun Y, Glascoe EA. Dynamic Triple-Mode Sorption and Outgassing in Materials. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2942. [PMID: 28592891 PMCID: PMC5462788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moisture uptake and outgassing can be detrimental to a system by altering the chemical and mechanical properties of materials within the system over time. In this work, we conducted isotherm experiments to investigate dynamic moisture sorption and desorption in markedly different materials, i.e., a polymeric material, Sylgard-184 and a ceramic aluminosilicate material, Zircar RS-1200, at different temperatures (30 °C-70 °C) by varying the water activity (0.0-0.90). Sylgard-184 showed a linear sorption and outgassing behavior with no-hysteresis over the entire temperature and water activity range considered here. Whereas, the sorption and outgassing of Zircar RS-1200 was highly non-linear with significant hysteresis, especially at higher water activities, at all temperatures considered here. The type of hysteresis suggested the presence of mesopores in Zircar RS-1200, whereas the lack of hysteresis in Sylgard-184 indicates that it has a nonporous structure. A diffusion model coupled with a dynamic, triple-mode sorption (Langmuir, Henry, and pooling modes) model employed in this study matched our experimental data very well and provides mechanistic insight into the processes. Our triple-mode sorption model was adaptive enough to (1) model these distinctly different materials and (2) predict sorption and outgassing under conditions that are distinctly different from the parameterization experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hom N Sharma
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94550, United States
| | - Stephen J Harley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94550, United States
| | - Yunwei Sun
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94550, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Glascoe
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94550, United States.
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Hamdi B, Gottschalk-Gaudig T, Balard H, Brendlé E, Nedjari N, Donnet JB. Ageing process of some pyrogenic silica samples exposed to controlled relative humidities. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hamdi B, Gottschalk-Gaudig T, Balard H, Brendlé E, Nedjari N, Donnet JB. Aging process of some pyrogenic silica samples exposed to controlled relative humidities. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ito H, Asakura K, Ogino T, Iiyama T, Ozeki S, Nakai K. Kinetic Analysis of the Adsorption of Polar and Nonpolar Molecules onto Ordered Mesoporous Silica Using the Pressure-feedback Method. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.141187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Ito
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University
| | | | | | - Taku Iiyama
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University
- Center for Energy and Environmental Science, Shinshu University
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Chen L, He H, Wang X, Kim SH, Qian L. Tribology of Si/SiO2 in humid air: transition from severe chemical wear to wearless behavior at nanoscale. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:149-156. [PMID: 25521514 DOI: 10.1021/la504333j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wear at sliding interfaces of silicon is a main cause for material loss in nanomanufacturing and device failure in microelectromechanical system (MEMS) applications. However, a comprehensive understanding of the nanoscale wear mechanisms of silicon in ambient conditions is still lacking. Here, we report the chemical wear of single crystalline silicon, a material used for micro/nanoscale devices, in humid air under the contact pressure lower than the material hardness. A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the wear track confirmed that the wear of silicon in humid conditions originates from surface reactions without significant subsurface damages such as plastic deformation or fracture. When rubbed with a SiO2 ball, the single crystalline silicon surface exhibited transitions from severe wear in intermediate humidity to nearly wearless states at two opposite extremes: (a) low humidity and high sliding speed conditions and (b) high humidity and low speed conditions. These transitions suggested that at the sliding interfaces of Si/SiO2 at least two different tribochemical reactions play important roles. One would be the formation of a strong "hydrogen bonding bridge" between hydroxyl groups of two sliding interfaces and the other the removal of hydroxyl groups from the SiO2 surface. The experimental data indicated that the dominance of each reaction varies with the ambient humidity and sliding speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Tribology Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu 610031, China
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Tsai TH, Shih YP. Recovering low-turbidity cutting liquid from silicon slurry waste. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 271:252-257. [PMID: 24637449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to recover a low-turbidity polyalkylene glycol (PAG) liquid from silicon slurry waste by sedimentation, temperatures were adjusted, and acetone, ethanol or water was used as a diluent. The experimental results show that the particles in the waste would aggregate and settle readily by using water as a diluent. This is because particle surfaces had lower surface potential value and weaker steric stabilization in PAG-water than in PAG-ethanol or PAG-acetone solutions. Therefore, water is the suggested diluent for recovering a low-turbidity PAG (<100 NTU) by sedimentation. After 50 wt.% water-assisted sedimentation for 21 days, the solid content of the upper liquid reduced to 0.122 g/L, and the turbidity decreased to 44 NTU. The obtained upper liquid was then vacuum-distillated to remove water. The final recovered PAG with 0.37 NTU had similar viscosity and density to the unused PAG and could be reused in the cutting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Pei Shih
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
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Saito T, Seshimo M, Akamatsu K, Miyajima K, Nakao SI. Effect of physically adsorbed water molecules on the H2-selective performance of a silica membrane prepared with dimethoxydiphenylsilane and its regeneration. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Ryvolova M, Adam V, Kizek R. Analysis of metallothionein by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1226:31-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Bermudez VM. Effect of humidity on the interaction of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) vapor with SiO2 and Al2O3 surfaces, studied using infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:18144-18154. [PMID: 21069963 DOI: 10.1021/la103381r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy has been used to study the interaction of DMMP vapor with SiO(2), Al(2)O(3), and AlO(OH) vs relative humidity (RH) and DMMP partial pressure (P/P(0)). For SiO(2) the growth with increasing RH of ice-like and liquid-like layers is seen in agreement with previous work. H↔D exchange during exposure to H(2)O and D(2)O indicates that the ice-like layer is more resistant to exchange, consistent with stronger H-bonding than in the liquid-like layer. Exposure of nominally dry SiO(2) to D(2)O indicates the existence of adsorbed H(2)O that does not exhibit an ice-like spectrum. The ice-like layer appears only at a finite RH. Exposure of SiO(2) to DMMP in the absence of intentionally added H(2)O shows the formation of a strongly bound molecular species followed by a liquid-like layer. The strong interaction involves SiO-H···O═P bonds to surface silanols and/or HO-H···O═P bonds to preadsorbed molecular H(2)O. At a finite RH the ice-like layer forms on SiO(2) even in the presence of DMMP up to P/P(0) = 0.30. DMMP does not appear to penetrate the ice-like layer under these conditions, and the tendency to form a such a layer drives the displacement of DMMP. Amorphous Al(2)O(3) and AlO(OH) do not exhibit an ice-like H(2)O layer. Both have a higher surface OH content than does SiO(2), which leads to higher coverages of H(2)O or DMMP at equivalent RH or P/P(0). At low P/P(0), for which adsorption is dominated by Al-OH···O═P bonding, a-Al(2)O(3) interacts with DMMP more strongly than does AlO(OH) as a result of the higher acidity of OH sites on the former. Up to RH = 0.30 and P/P(0) = 0.30, DMMP appears to remain bonded to the surface rather than being displaced by H(2)O. H(2)O appears to have little or no effect on the total amount of DMMP adsorbed on any of these surfaces, up to an RH of 0.30 and a P/P(0) of 0.30. The results have implications for the transport of DMMP and related molecules on oxide surfaces in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Bermudez
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5347, United States.
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15
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Stutz H. Protein attachment onto silica surfaces - a survey of molecular fundamentals, resulting effects and novel preventive strategies in CE. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2032-61. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Morel B, Autissier L, Autissier D, Lemordant D, Yrieix B, Quenard D. Pyrogenic silica ageing under humid atmosphere. POWDER TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2008.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rutherford SW, Coons JE. Water sorption in silicone foam containing diatomaceous earth. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 306:228-40. [PMID: 17140596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2006] [Revised: 10/24/2006] [Accepted: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone foams are commonly used for compression sealing, structural support, packaging, and damping applications. The presence of sorbed water in foams can affect the mechanical and chemical properties of these materials. In order to investigate water sorption behavior, a silicone foam containing diatomaceous earth filler was synthesized and studied for water uptake characteristics at 20, 50, and 80 degrees C. Type II equilibrium and bimodal kinetic behavior that was governed by a rapid initial uptake followed by a prolonged sorption over a larger time scale was observed. In order to explain this bimodal behavior, the major components of this foam-the silicone polymer and the diatomaceous earth-were independently studied for their water equilibrium behavior and uptake kinetic characteristics. Type II equilibrium was observed for both components. The kinetic behavior of the silicone polymer was governed by a very rapid uptake of water. The kinetic behavior of the diatomaceous earth was governed by a rapid initial uptake followed by a prolonged sorption over a larger time scale. A physically based and thermodynamically consistent mathematical model describing the water equilibrium and kinetics in diatomaceous earth and silicone polymer components, was employed to characterize the data. This model formed the basis of a predictive model for estimation of water sorption in filled silicone foam. The predictive model was tested against sorption and desorption data yielding favorable results for a range of temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Rutherford
- WT-6, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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Parida SK, Dash S, Patel S, Mishra BK. Adsorption of organic molecules on silica surface. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 121:77-110. [PMID: 16879799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2006.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 516] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2005] [Revised: 05/17/2006] [Accepted: 05/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption behaviour of various organic adsorbates on silica surface is reviewed. Most of the structural information on silica is obtained from IR spectral data and from the characteristics of water present at the silica surface. Silica surface is generally embedded with hydroxy groups and ethereal linkages, and hence considered to have a negative charged surface prone to adsorption of electron deficient species. Adsorption isotherms of the adsorbates delineate the nature of binding of the adsorbate with silica. Aromatic compounds are found to involve the pi-cloud in hydrogen bonding with silanol OH group during adsorption. Cationic and nonionic surfactants adsorb on silica surface involving hydrogen bonding. Sometimes, a polar part of the surfactants also contributes to the adsorption process. Styryl pyridinium dyes are found to anchor on silica surface in flat-on position. On modification of the silica by treating with alkali, the adsorption behaviour of cationic surfactant or polyethylene glycol changes due to change in the characteristics of silica or modified silica surface. In case of PEG-modified silica, adsolubilization of the adsorbate is observed. By using a modified adsorption equation, hemimicellization is proposed for these dyes. Adsorptions of some natural macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids are investigated to study the hydrophobic and hydrophilic binding sites of silica. Artificial macromolecules like synthetic polymers are found to be adsorbed on silica surface due to the interaction of the multifunctional groups of the polymers with silanols. Preferential adsorption of polar adsorbates is observed in case of adsorbate mixtures. When surfactant mixtures are considered to study competitive adsorption on silica surface, critical micelle concentration of individual surfactant also contributes to the adsorption isotherm. The structural study of adsorbed surface and the thermodynamics of adsorption are given some importance in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudam K Parida
- Centre of Studies in Surface Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Jyoti Vihar, 768 019, Orissa, India
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Koo WH, Jeong SM, Choi SH, Kim WJ, Baik HK, Lee SM, Lee SJ. Effects of the Polarizability and Packing Density of Transparent Oxide Films on Water Vapor Permeation. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:11354-60. [PMID: 16852387 DOI: 10.1021/jp051051r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The tin oxide and silicon oxide films have been deposited on polycarbonate substrates as gas barrier films, using a thermal evaporation and ion beam assisted deposition process. The oxide films deposited by ion beam assisted deposition show a much lower water vapor transmission rate than those by thermal evaporation. The tin oxide films show a similar water vapor transmission rate to the silicon oxide films in thermal evaporation but a lower water vapor transmission rate in IBAD. These results are related to the fact that the permeation of water vapor with a large dipole moment is affected by the chemistry of oxides and the packing density of the oxide films. The permeation mechanism of water vapor through the oxide films is discussed in terms of the chemical interaction with water vapor and the microstructure of the oxide films. The chemical interaction of water vapor with oxide films has been investigated by the refractive index from ellipsometry and the OH group peak from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the microstructure of the composite oxide films was characterized using atomic force microscopy and a transmission electron microscope. The activation energy for water vapor permeation through the oxide films has also been measured in relation to the permeation mechanism of water vapor. The diffusivity of water vapor for the tin oxide films has been calculated from the time lag plot, and its implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hoe Koo
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Koo WH, Jeong SM, Choi SH, Baik HK, Lee SM, Lee SJ. Water Vapor Barrier Properties of Transparent SnO2−SiOx Composite Films on Polymer Substrate. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp047617d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Hoe Koo
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Soon Moon Jeong
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Sang Hun Choi
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Hong Koo Baik
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Sung Man Lee
- Department of Advanced Material Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, ChunCheon, Kangwon-do 200-701, Korea
| | - Se Jong Lee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Kyunbcgsung University, Busan 608-736, Korea
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Dinh LN, Schildbach MA, Maxwell RS, Siekhaus WJ, Balazs B, McLean W. H2O outgassing from silica-filled polysiloxane TR55. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004; 274:25-32. [PMID: 15120274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2003] [Accepted: 12/19/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Temperature-programmed desorption/decomposition (TPD) was employed to obtain the moisture content and outgassing kinetics of TR55, a silica-filled cross-linked polysiloxane. The total moisture content of TR55 in the as-received state and after 20-30 min of vacuum pumping in the load-lock prior to TPD was measured to be on the order of 0.35 wt%. Physisorbed H(2)O and chemisorbed H(2)O account for about 13.2 and 86.8%, respectively, of the 0.35 wt% measured moisture content. H(2)O outgassing models based on the kinetics measured from TPD experiments suggest that loosely bound chemisorbed water outgasses in a dry environment slowly but continuously over many decades at or a little above room temperature. However, physisorbed water can be easily pumped out in a matter of hours at around 400 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Dinh
- Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
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Binder H, Kohlstrunk B, Pohle W. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects of Lyotropic Solvation-Induced Transitions in Phosphatidylcholine and Phosphatidylethanolamine Assemblies Revealed by Humidity Titration Calorimetry. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0011802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Binder
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 27, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute of Experimental Physics I, University of Leipzig, Linnèstrasse 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, and Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - B. Kohlstrunk
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 27, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute of Experimental Physics I, University of Leipzig, Linnèstrasse 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, and Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - W. Pohle
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 27, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, Institute of Experimental Physics I, University of Leipzig, Linnèstrasse 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, and Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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Dinh LN, Balooch M, LeMay JD. H(2)O Outgassing Properties of Fumed and Precipitated Silica Particles by Temperature-Programmed Desorption. J Colloid Interface Sci 2000; 230:432-440. [PMID: 11017751 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2000.7131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Temperature-programmed desorption was performed at temperatures up to 850 K on as-received fumed and precipitated silica particles. Physisorbed water molecules on both types of silica had activation energies in the range of 38-61 kJ/mol. However, the activation energies of desorption for chemisorbed water varied from approximately 80 to >247 kJ/mol for fumed silica, Cab-O-Sil-M-7D, and approximately 96 to 155 kJ/mol for precipitated silica, Hi-Sil-233. Our results suggest that physisorbed water can be effectively pumped away at room temperature (or preferably at 320 K) in a matter of hours. Chemisorbed water with high activation energies of desorption (>126 kJ/mol) will not escape silica surfaces in 100 years even at 320 K, while a significant amount of the chemisorbed water with medium activation energies (80-109 kJ/mol) will leave the silica surfaces in that time span. Most of the chemisorbed water with activation energies <126 kJ/mol can be pumped away in a matter of days in a good vacuum environment at 500 K. We had previously measured about 0.1-0.4 wt% of water in silica-reinforced polysiloxane formulations containing approximately 21% Cab-O-Sil-M-7D and approximately 4% Hi-Sil-233. Comparing present results with these formulations, we conclude that the adsorbed H(2)O and the Si-OH bonds on the silica surfaces are the major contributors to water outgassing from these types of silica-filled polymers. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- LN Dinh
- Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94551
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Pizio O, Duda Y, Trokhymchuk A, Sokolowski S. Associative replica Ornstein-Zernike equations and the structure of chemically associating fluids in disordered porous media. J Mol Liq 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7322(98)00062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Padilla P, Pizio O, Trokhymchuk A, Vega C. Adsorption of Dimerizing and Dimer Fluids in Disordered Porous Media. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp973455s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paz Padilla
- Chemistry Laboratory III, HC Orsted Institute, Universitetparken 5, DE-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Orest Pizio
- Instituto de Química de la UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán 04510, México D.F
| | - Andrij Trokhymchuk
- Instituto de Química de la UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán 04510, México D.F
| | - Carlos Vega
- Departmento de Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Gun'ko V, Zarko V, Chuikov B, Dudnik V, Ptushinskii Y, Voronin E, Pakhlov E, Chuiko A. Temperature-programmed desorption of water from fumed silica, silica/titania, and silica/alumina. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1176(97)00269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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OROZCO GERARDOANGUIANO, PIZIO OREST, SOKOLOWSKI STEFAN, TROKHYMCHUK ANDRIJ. Replica Ornstein-Zernike theory for chemically associating fluids with directional forces in disordered porous media: Smith-Nezbeda model in a hard sphere matrix. Mol Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/002689797171111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Trokhymchuk A, Pizio O, Holovko M, Sokolowski S. Associative replica Ornstein–Zernike equations and the structure of chemically reacting fluids in porous media. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.473042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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