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Normahani P, Boyle JJ, Cave L, Brookes P, Woollard KJ, Jaffer U. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression and cytokine profiling in patients with intermittent claudication who exhibit exercise induced acute renal injury. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265393. [PMID: 35298547 PMCID: PMC8929566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent claudication (IC) is a common manifestation of peripheral arterial disease. Some patients with IC experience a rise in Urinary N-acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG)/ Creatinine (Cr) ratio, a marker of renal injury, following exercise. In this study, we aim to investigate whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with IC who exhibit a rise in urinary NAG/ Cr ratio following exercise exhibit differential IL-10/ IL-12 ratio and gene expression compared to those who do not have a rise in NAG/ Cr ratio. METHODS We conducted a single center observational cohort study of patients diagnosed with IC. Blood and urine samples were collected at rest and following a standardised treadmill exercise protocol. For comparative analysis patients were separated into those with any rise in NAG/Cr ratio (Group 1) and those with no rise in NAG/Cr ratio (Group 2) post exercise. Isolated PBMC from pre- and post-exercise blood samples were analysed using flow cytometry. PBMC were also cultured for 20 hours to perform further analysis of IL-10 and IL-12 cytokine levels. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes between the groups. RESULTS 20 patients were recruited (Group 1, n = 8; Group 2, n = 12). We observed a significantly higher IL-10/IL-12 ratio in cell supernatant from participants in Group 1, as compared to Group 2, on exercise at 20 hours incubation; 47.24 (IQR 9.70-65.83) vs 6.13 (4.88-12.24), p = 0.04. 328 genes were significantly differentially expressed between Group 1 and 2. The modulated genes had signatures encompassing hypoxia, metabolic adaptation to starvation, inflammatory activation, renal protection, and oxidative stress. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that some patients with IC have an altered immune status making them 'vulnerable' to systemic inflammation and renal injury following exercise. We have identified a panel of genes which are differentially expressed in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasha Normahani
- Imperial Vascular Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial college London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph J Boyle
- National Heart and Ling Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Cave
- National Heart and Ling Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Brookes
- Department of Pathology, Royal Brompton and Harefield hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J Woollard
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Usman Jaffer
- Imperial Vascular Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial college London, London, United Kingdom
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Bergin P, Leggett A, Cardwell CR, Woodside JV, Thakkinstian A, Maxwell AP, McKay GJ. The effects of vitamin E supplementation on malondialdehyde as a biomarker of oxidative stress in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol 2021; 22:126. [PMID: 33832458 PMCID: PMC8034191 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-021-02328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Haemodialysis (HD) patients tend to have higher levels of oxidative stress (OS), associated with increased morbidity and premature mortality, compared to the general population. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a biomarker of OS, are reduced by the antioxidant properties of vitamin E (VE) but outcomes from randomised control trials of VE supplementation on MDA in HD patients have been inconsistent. Methods We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of adult HD patients from VE supplementation studies with measures of MDA. The following search criteria of MEDLINE and EMBASE were considered from inception to January 2020: ‘dialysis’ AND ‘Vitamin E OR tocopherol’ AND ‘malondialdehyde OR MDA’. Two reviewers independently extracted study data and assessed risk of bias. Mean MDA levels and standard deviation were determined before and after VE supplementation. Standardised mean difference (SMD) and standard error were calculated as the within person difference and units of measure were not consistently recorded across all studies. The SMD were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Results The SMD of MDA levels from 18 comparisons was significantly lower in HD patients following VE supplementation (− 1.55; confidence interval: − 2.17 to − 0.94, P < 0.00001). There were significant levels of heterogeneity between studies (I2 value = 91%; P < 0.00001) with evidence of potential publication bias toward smaller studies. Conclusions Our findings support the use of VE to reduce the effects of OS in HD patients although high levels of heterogeneity and variation in the methodological approaches used by some studies highlight the need for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bergin
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Aoife Leggett
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Chris R Cardwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jayne V Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ammarin Thakkinstian
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Gareth J McKay
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK. .,Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK.
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3
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Oxidative Stress in Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) Mechanism and Biomarkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090367. [PMID: 31480714 PMCID: PMC6770183 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic dysfunction mainly characterizes pathophysiology of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) leading to chronic ischemia. Hemodynamic dysfunction is the origin of intermittent claudication (chronic PAD) or of critical limb ischemia (very severe PAD). Notably, it is well known that oxidative stress (OxS) plays a pathophysiological role in PAD. The higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from OxS and reduced redox capability are two crucial players in initiating and progressing PAD. A number of biomarkers highlight OxS and monitor it in PAD. The present review summarizes data on OxS, on biomarkers available to mark OxS occurrence and to monitor on PAD progression, as well as to evaluate the effects treatments in PAD patients. In conclusion, by detailing OxS and its biomarkers, we hope to encourage more studies to focus on drugs which combat OxS and inflammation.
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4
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Koutakis P, Ismaeel A, Farmer P, Purcell S, Smith RS, Eidson JL, Bohannon WT. Oxidative stress and antioxidant treatment in patients with peripheral artery disease. Physiol Rep 2019; 6:e13650. [PMID: 29611350 PMCID: PMC5880878 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease is an atherosclerotic disease of arterial vessels that mostly affects arteries of lower extremities. Effort induced cycles of ischemia and reperfusion lead to increased reactive oxygen species production by mitochondria. Therefore, the pathophysiology of peripheral artery disease is a consequence of metabolic myopathy, and oxidative stress is the putative major operating mechanism behind the structural and metabolic changes that occur in muscle. In this review, we discuss the evidence for oxidative damage in peripheral artery disease and discuss management strategies related to antioxidant supplementation. We also highlight the major pathways governing oxidative stress in the disease and discuss their implications in disease progression. Potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic methods related to these mechanisms are explored, with an emphasis on the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Koutakis
- Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | - Ahmed Ismaeel
- Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | - Patrick Farmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | - Seth Purcell
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Robert S Smith
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Jack L Eidson
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - William T Bohannon
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, Texas
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5
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Ismaeel A, Brumberg RS, Kirk JS, Papoutsi E, Farmer PJ, Bohannon WT, Smith RS, Eidson JL, Sawicki I, Koutakis P. Oxidative Stress and Arterial Dysfunction in Peripheral Artery Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7100145. [PMID: 30347720 PMCID: PMC6210426 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease characterized by a narrowing of the arteries in the lower extremities. Disease manifestations are the result of more than just reduced blood flow, and include endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and inflammation. Growing evidence suggests that these factors lead to functional impairment and decline in PAD patients. Oxidative stress also plays an important role in the disease, and a growing amount of data suggest a link between arterial dysfunction and oxidative stress. In this review, we present the current evidence for the involvement of endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and inflammation in the pathophysiology of PAD. We also discuss the links between these factors and oxidative stress, with a focus on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Finally, the potential therapeutic role of NOX2 antioxidants for improving arterial function and functional status in PAD patients is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismaeel
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA.
| | - Robert S Brumberg
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Associates, Florida State University School of Medicine, Tallahassee Memorial Hospital, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA.
| | - Jeffrey S Kirk
- Department of Surgery, Capital Regional Medical Center, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA.
| | - Evlampia Papoutsi
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA.
| | - Patrick J Farmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA.
| | - William T Bohannon
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
| | - Robert S Smith
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
| | - Jack L Eidson
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
| | - Ian Sawicki
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
| | - Panagiotis Koutakis
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA.
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6
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Tao Z, Gomha SM, Badrey MG, El-Idreesy TT, Eldebss TMA. Novel 4-Heteroaryl-antipyrines: Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Evaluation as Potential Anti-breast Cancer Agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Tao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; XuZhou Central Hospital; XuZhou China
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Mohamed G. Badrey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Fayoum University; Fayoum 63514 Egypt
| | - Tamer T. El-Idreesy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza 12613 Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering; The American University in Cairo; New Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Taha M. A. Eldebss
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza 12613 Egypt
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7
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Jaffer U, Singh P, Aslam M, IITam FWK, Standfield NJ. Potential identification of a claudicant group vulnerable to acute kidney injury. Perfusion 2016; 31:560-7. [PMID: 26980004 DOI: 10.1177/0267659116638147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This observational study aimed to investigate the relationship between renal injury, endothelial function and oxidative stress in claudicants undergoing maximal treadmill exercise. Twenty patients with claudication were identified in whom the urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (β-NAG)/creatinine ratio, plasma oxidative state and endothelial function were tested pre- and post-maximal treadmill walking exercise. Of the 20 participants in this study, the urinary NAG/creatinine (Cr) rose from a pre-exercise level of 8.9, 6.7 to 14.3 (μmol/L/mmol Cr; median, IQR) to 12.9, 9.1 to 17.7 post exercise (p = 0.0003, Mann Whitney U test). Of the 20 participants, eight participants had a rise of the NAG/Cr ratio post exercise whereas 12 did not. Participants with a rise in the NAG/Cr ratio post exercise had a greater ability to increase endothelial reactivity (%; median, IQR; 2.56, 0.1 to 3.7) cf. (0.1, -4.8 to 0.9, p = 0.03); they also walked further (metres; median, IQR; 415, 208 to 908) cf. (170, 100 to 315, p = 0.04), had a lower pre-exercise H2O2 (median, IQR; 1.9, 1.4 to 2.3 cf. 2.7, 2.1 to 3.3; p = 0.04) and a greater rise in H2O2 post exercise (18.8, -1.5 to 129.7 cf., -7.7, -13.9 to -2.0, p = 0.04). The mechanism by which the phenotypically distinct sub-group of patients with intermittent claudication who experience a NAG/Cr rise involves complex interactions between systemic oxidative stress and endothelial function. Implications on cardiovascular risk in this group requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Jaffer
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Mohammed Aslam
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Frederick Wai Keung IITam
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Nigel J Standfield
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
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8
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Yan J, Tie G, Messina LM. Tetrahydrobiopterin, L-arginine and vitamin C act synergistically to decrease oxidant stress and increase nitric oxide that increases blood flow recovery after hindlimb ischemia in the rat. Mol Med 2012; 18:1221-30. [PMID: 23212846 PMCID: PMC3510301 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2011.00103.revised] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a potent vasodilator and signaling molecule that plays essential roles in neovascularization. During limb ischemia, decreased NO bioavailability occurs secondary to increased oxidant stress, decreased L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin. This study tested the hypothesis that dietary cosupplementation with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), L-arginine and vitamin C acts synergistically to decrease oxidant stress, increase NO and thereby increase blood flow recovery after hindlimb ischemia. Rats were fed normal chow, chow supplemented with BH4 or L-arginine (alone or in combination) or chow supplemented with BH4 + L-arginine + vitamin C for 1 wk before induction of hindlimb ischemia. In the is-chemic hindlimb, cosupplementation with BH4 + L-arginine resulted in greater eNOS and phospho-eNOS (P-eNOS) expression, Ca(2+)-dependent NOS activity and NO concentration in the ischemic calf region (gastrocnemius), as well as greater NO concentration in the region of collateral arteries (gracilis). Rats receiving cosupplementation of BH4 + L-arginine led to greater recovery of foot perfusion and greater collateral enlargement than did rats receiving either agent separately. The addition of vitamin C to the BH4 + L-arginine regimen further increased these dependent variables. In addition, rats given all three supplements showed significantly less Ca(2+)-independent activity, less nitrotyrosine accumulation, greater glutathione (GSH)-to-glutathione disulfide (GSSG) ratio and less gastrocnemius muscle necrosis, on both macroscopic and microscopic levels. In conclusion, co-supplementation with BH4 + L-arginine + vitamin C significantly increased blood flow recovery after hindlimb ischemia by reducing oxidant stress, increasing NO bioavailability, enlarging collateral arteries and reducing muscle necrosis. Oral cosupplementation of BH4, L-arginine and vitamin C holds promise as a biological therapy to induce collateral artery enlargement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglian Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Guodong Tie
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Louis M Messina
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
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9
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Yan J, Tie G, Messina LM. Tetrahydrobiopterin, L-arginine and vitamin C actsynergistically to decrease oxidative stress, increase nitricoxide and improve blood flow after induction of hindlimbischemia in the rat. Mol Med 2012; 18:676-84. [PMID: 22371305 PMCID: PMC3388126 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2011.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a potent vasodilator and signaling molecule that plays an essential role in vascular remodeling of collateral arteries and perfusion recovery in response to hindlimb ischemia. In ischemic conditions, decreased NO bioavailability was observed because of increased oxidative stress, decreased L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin. This study tested the hypothesis that dietary cosupplementation with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), L-arginine, and vitamin C acts synergistically to decrease oxidative stress, increase nitric oxide and improve blood flow in response to acute hindlimb ischemia. Rats were fed normal chow, chow supplemented with BH4 or L-arginine (alone or in combination) or chow supplemented with BH4 + L-arginine + vitamin C for 1 wk before induction of unilateral hindlimb ischemia. Cosupplementation with BH4 + L-arginine resulted in greater eNOS expression, Ca²⁺-dependent NOS activity and NO concentration in gastrocnemius from the ischemic hindlimb, as well as greater recovery of foot perfusion and more collateral artery enlargement than did rats receiving either agent separately. The addition of vitamin C to the BH4 + L-arginine regimen did further increase these dependent variables, although only the increase in eNOS expression reached statistical significances. In addition, rats given all three supplements demonstrated significantly less Ca²⁺-independent activity, less nitrotyrosine accumulation, greater glutathione:glutathione disulfide (GSH:GSSG) ratio and less gastrocnemius muscle necrosis, on both macroscopic and microscopic levels. In conclusion, cosupplementation with BH4 + L-arginine + vitamin C significantly increased vascular perfusion after hindlimb ischemia by increasing eNOS activity and reducing oxidative stress and tissue necrosis. Oral cosupplementation of L-arginine, BH4 and vitamin C holds promise as a biological therapy to induce collateral artery enlargement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglian Yan
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Guodong Tie
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Louis M Messina
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
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10
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Remes C, Paun A, Zarafu I, Tudose M, Caproiu MT, Ionita G, Bleotu C, Matei L, Ionita P. Chemical and biological evaluation of some new antipyrine derivatives with particular properties. Bioorg Chem 2012; 41-42:6-12. [PMID: 22257969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Starting from 4-amino-antipyrine, six new compounds were synthesized and characterized. The new compounds contain moieties with particular properties, such are ionophore (benzo-15-crown-5), fluorescent (nitrobenzofurazan), stable free radical (nitroxide), or other types of biological active residues, like nitroderivatives, antipyrine or isoniazid residues. They were fully characterized by appropriate means ((1)H and (13)C NMR, IR, UV-Vis, fluorescence, EPR, elemental analysis) and some of their biological properties were evaluated. Hydrophobicity (R(M0), log P), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and antimicrobial properties are also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Remes
- University of Bucharest, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, 90-92 Panduri, Bucharest 050663, Romania
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11
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Assessment of biochemical markers in patients with pain of vascular origin. Clin Exp Med 2008; 8:199-206. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-008-0001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Pipinos II, Judge AR, Selsby JT, Zhu Z, Swanson SA, Nella AA, Dodd SL. The myopathy of peripheral arterial occlusive disease: Part 2. Oxidative stress, neuropathy, and shift in muscle fiber type. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2008; 42:101-12. [PMID: 18390972 DOI: 10.1177/1538574408315995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that a myopathy is present, contributes, and, to a certain extent, determines the pathogenesis of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. These works provide evidence that a state of repetitive cycles of exercise-induced ischemia followed by reperfusion at rest operates in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease and mediates a large number of structural and metabolic changes in the muscle, resulting in reduced strength and function. The key players in this process appear to be defective mitochondria that, through multilevel failure in their roles as energy, oxygen radical species, and apoptosis regulators, produce and sustain a progressive decline in muscle performance. In this 2-part review, the currently available evidence that characterizes the nature and mechanisms responsible for this myopathy is highlighted. In part 1, the functional and histomorphological characteristics of the myopathy were reviewed, and the main focus was on the biochemistry and bioenergetics of its mitochondriopathy. In part 2, accumulating evidence that oxidative stress related to ischemia reperfusion is probably the major operating mechanism of peripheral arterial occlusive disease myopathy is reviewed. Important new findings of a possible neuropathy and a shift in muscle fiber type are also reviewed. Learning more about these mechanisms will enhance our understanding of the degree to which they are preventable and treatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraklis I Pipinos
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center and Nebraska-Western Iowa Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68193-3280, USA.
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13
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Judge AR, Selsby JT, Dodd SL. Antioxidants attenuate oxidative damage in rat skeletal muscle during mild ischaemia. Exp Physiol 2008; 93:479-85. [PMID: 18223025 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2007.040972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown oxidative stress and oedema, caused by both xanthine oxidase-derived oxidants and infiltrating neutrophils, within skeletal muscle after contractile-induced claudication. The purpose of this study was to determine whether supplementation with antioxidant vitamins attenuates the oxidative stress, neutrophil infiltration and oedema associated with an acute bout of contractile-induced claudication. Rats received vehicle, vitamin C, vitamin E or vitamin C + E for 5 days prior to contractile-induced claudication. Force production was significantly reduced in the claudicant limbs of all groups compared with the control (sham) limb of control animals. Contractile-induced claudication caused a significant increase in protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, neutrophil infiltration and oedema compared with sham muscles. Supplementation with vitamin C, E or C + E prevented the increases in each of these, and there were no differences between groups. These findings suggest that, in an animal model of exercise-induced claudication, neutrophil chemotaxis is caused by oxidizing species and that antioxidant supplementation can prevent oxidative damage, neutrophil infiltration and oedema following an acute bout of contractile-induced claudication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Judge
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Applied Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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14
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Loizidis T, Sioga A, Economou L, Frosinis A, Kyparos A, Zotou A, Albani M. The role of ascorbic acid and exercise in chronic ischemia of skeletal muscle in rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007; 102:321-30. [PMID: 16946031 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00251.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of peripheral arterial insufficiency, exercise, and vitamin C administration on muscle performance, cross-sectional area, and ultrastructural morphology in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (Sol) muscles in rats. Adult Wistar rats were assigned to ischemia alone (isch), ischemia-exercised (exe), ischemia-vitamin C (vit C), and ischemia-exercise-vitamin C (vit C + exe) groups. Ischemia was achieved via unilateral ligation of the right common iliac artery. Contralateral muscles within the same animal served as controls. Exercise protocol consisted of 50-min intermittent level running performed every other day for 5 days. Vitamin C (100 mg/kg body wt) was administered intraperitoneally on a daily basis throughout the 14 days of the experiment. With regard to the EDL muscle, ischemia alone reduced muscle strength, which was not recovered after vitamin C administration. Exercise alone following ischemia induced the most severe structural damage and cross-sectional area decrease in the muscle, yet the reduction in tetanic tension was not significant. Exercise in conjunction with vitamin C administration preserved ischemia-induced EDL muscle tetanic tension. In the Sol muscle, a significant reduction in single twitch tension after vitamin C administration was found, whereas the tetanic force of the ischemic Sol was not significantly decreased compared with the contralateral muscles in any group. Ischemic Sol muscle cross-sectional area was reduced in all but the exe groups. In Sol, muscle strength was reduced in the vit C group, and mean cross-sectional area of ischemic Sol muscles was reduced in all groups except the exe group. These results illustrate that mild exercise, combined with a low dose of vitamin C supplementation, may have beneficial effects on ischemic EDL muscle with a smaller effect on the Sol muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Loizidis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Cesari M, Kritchevsky SB, Leeuwenburgh C, Pahor M. Oxidative damage and platelet activation as new predictors of mobility disability and mortality in elders. Antioxid Redox Signal 2006; 8:609-19. [PMID: 16677104 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2006.8.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mobility disability is an early phase of the disablement process in older adults, and represents a major risk factor for physical disability and mortality. Pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the onset of mobility limitation are still largely unknown. Oxidative damage, responsible for the disruption of the equilibrium of biological systems by damaging major constituent molecules, might play an important role in the pathway leading to major health-related events. It has been suggested the existence of a vicious cycle involving oxidative damage, platelet activation, and inflammation as promoter of pathophysiological changes occurring with aging. This hypothesis is based on the following observations: (a) oxidative damage is associated with diseases and clinical conditions potentially leading to disability and mortality; (b) oxidative damage is associated with platelet activation, and a vicious cycle involving oxidative damage, platelet activation, and inflammation has been demonstrated in several metabolic disorders potentially leading to mobility disability; (c) the age-related physical decline may be associated to the oxidative damage due to the excess of free radicals; (d) antioxidant defense and behavioral factors (e.g., physical activity, dietary restriction, smoking cessation) play an important role in the reduction of oxidative damage levels and are associated with improved physical performance and muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cesari
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 36208, USA.
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Menke T, Niklowitz P, Schluter B, Buschatz D, Trowitzsch E, Andler W. Oxidative Stress and Sleep Apnoea in Clinically Healthy Infants in the First Year of Life. Oxidativer Stress und Schlafapnoen bei klinisch gesunden Sauglingen. SOMNOLOGIE 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-054x.2003.03198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nanobashvili J, Neumayer C, Fuegl A, Sporn E, Prager M, Polterauer P, Malinski1 T, Huk I. Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury of Skeletal Muscle: Mechanisms, Morphology, Treatment Strategies, and Clinical Applications. Eur Surg 2002. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1563-2563.2002.02029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Meijer EP, Goris AHC, van Dongen JLJ, Bast A, Westerterp KR. Exercise-induced oxidative stress in older adults as a function of habitual activity level. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002; 50:349-53. [PMID: 12028219 DOI: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been suggested that regular physical activity might maintain and promote the antioxidant defense capacity against oxidative stress. Therefore, we assessed exercise-induced oxidative stress in relation to habitual physical activity level (PAL) in older adults. DESIGN The study included a 2-week observation period for the measurement of average daily metabolic rate (ADMR) and PAL. Exercise-induced oxidative stress was measured during a 45-minute cycling test at submaximal intensity. SETTING A university medical research center. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-six subjects volunteered for the study (n = 26; mean age +/- standard deviation 60 +/- 1; body mass index 27 +/- 1 kg/m2). MEASUREMENTS PAL was determined as ADMR combined with a measurement of basal metabolic rate (BMR): PAL = ADMR/BMR. ADMR was measured over 2 weeks with the doubly labeled water method, preceded by a BMR measurement with a ventilated hood. Antipyrine oxidation was used as marker for oxidative stress in vivo. Reaction of antipyrine with hydroxyl radicals results in the formation of para-hydroxyantipyrine (p-APOH) and ortho-hydroxyantipyrine (o-APOH), where o-APOH is not formed through alternative oxygenetic pathways. RESULTS PAL was inversely related to the exercise-induced increase in the ratio of o-APOH to native antipyrine (r = 0.49, P = .010). The relationship between PAL and exercise-induced increase in the ratio of p-APOH (r = 0.30, P = .140) or thiobarbituric acid reactive species (r = 0.31, P = .130) did not reach the level of significance. CONCLUSION Physically active older adults have a reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress than older adults with a lower level of physical activity. It seems that regular physical activity improves the antioxidant defense capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin P Meijer
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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Meijer EP, Goris AH, Senden J, van Dongen JL, Bast A, Westerterp KR. Antioxidant supplementation and exercise-induced oxidative stress in the 60-year-old as measured by antipyrine hydroxylates. Br J Nutr 2001; 86:569-75. [PMID: 11737955 DOI: 10.1079/bjn2001434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 12 weeks of antioxidant supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress were investigated in older adults (60 (SE 1) years; BMI 26 (SE 1) kg/m(2)). Subjects were randomly divided in two groups: supplementation (n 11) with 100 mg dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 200 mg ascorbic acid, and 2 mg beta-carotene, and placebo (n 9). Before and after the 12 week supplementation period, subjects cycled for 45 min at submaximal intensity (50 % maximal workload capacity). Antipyrine was used as marker for oxidative stress. Antipyrine reacts quickly with hydroxyl radicals to form para- and ortho-hydroxyantipyrine. The latter metabolite is not formed in man through the mono-oxygenase pathway of cytochrome P450. Daily supplementation significantly increased plasma concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene in the supplemented group (Delta 14.4 (SE 3.2) and 0.4 (se 0.1) micromol/l; P<0.001 and P<0.01). No significant differences, within and between groups, were observed in the exercise-induced increase in the ratios para- and ortho-hydroxyantipyrine to antipyrine. In addition, supplementation did not affect the exercise-induced increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in plasma. In conclusion, in 60-year-old subjects antioxidant supplementation had no effect on the exercise-induced increase in oxidative stress as measured by free radical products of antipyrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Meijer
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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