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Risk assessment of pesticide residues in dietary intake of celery in China. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 73:578-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Melin VE, Potineni H, Hunt P, Griswold J, Siems B, Werre SR, Hrubec TC. Exposure to common quaternary ammonium disinfectants decreases fertility in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 50:163-70. [PMID: 25483128 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are antimicrobial disinfectants commonly used in commercial and household settings. Extensive use of QACs results in ubiquitous human exposure, yet reproductive toxicity has not been evaluated. Decreased reproductive performance in laboratory mice coincided with the introduction of a disinfectant containing both alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC) and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC). QACs were detected in caging material over a period of several months following cessation of disinfectant use. Breeding pairs exposed for six months to a QAC disinfectant exhibited decreases in fertility and fecundity: increased time to first litter, longer pregnancy intervals, fewer pups per litter and fewer pregnancies. Significant morbidity in near term dams was also observed. In summary, exposure to a common QAC disinfectant mixture significantly impaired reproductive health in mice. This study illustrates the importance of assessing mixture toxicity of commonly used products whose components have only been evaluated individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa E Melin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Haritha Potineni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Patricia Hunt
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Jodi Griswold
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Bill Siems
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Stephen R Werre
- Laboratory for Study Design and Statistical Analysis, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Terry C Hrubec
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, VA Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; E. Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Virginia Campus, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States.
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ZHANG CZ, ZHANG XM, TIAN ZH, HE DJ, LIU XJ. Degradation of Chlorpyrifos and Fipronil in Rice from Farm to Fork and Risk Assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1671-2927(09)60152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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