1
|
Majumdar S, Desai R, Hans A, Dandekar P, Jain R. From Efficiency to Yield: Exploring Recent Advances in CHO Cell Line Development for Monoclonal Antibodies. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01060-6. [PMID: 38363529 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand for biosimilar monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has prompted the development of stable high-producing cell lines while simultaneously decreasing the time required for screening. Existing platforms have proven inefficient, resulting in inconsistencies in yields, growth characteristics, and quality features in the final mAb products. Selecting a suitable expression host, designing an effective gene expression system, developing a streamlined cell line generation approach, optimizing culture conditions, and defining scaling-up and purification strategies are all critical steps in the production of recombinant proteins, particularly monoclonal antibodies, in mammalian cells. As a result, an active area of study is dedicated to expression and optimizing recombinant protein production. This review explores recent breakthroughs and approaches targeted at accelerating cell line development to attain efficiency and consistency in the synthesis of therapeutic proteins, specifically monoclonal antibodies. The primary goal is to bridge the gap between rising demand and consistent, high-quality mAb production, thereby benefiting the healthcare and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarmishta Majumdar
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Ranjeet Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Aakarsh Hans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Prajakta Dandekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
| | - Ratnesh Jain
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chakrabarti L, Chaerkady R, Wang J, Weng SHS, Wang C, Qian C, Cazares L, Hess S, Amaya P, Zhu J, Hatton D. Mitochondrial membrane potential-enriched CHO host: a novel and powerful tool for improving biomanufacturing capability. MAbs 2022; 14:2020081. [PMID: 35030984 PMCID: PMC8765075 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.2020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of increasing protein productivity of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, we sought to generate new CHO hosts with favorable biomanufacturing phenotypes and improved functionality. Here, we present an innovative approach of enriching the CHO host cells with a high mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Stable transfectant pools and clonal cell lines expressing difficult-to-express bispecific molecules generated from the MMP-enriched host outperformed the parental host by displaying (1) improved fed-batch productivity; (2) enhanced long-term cell viability of pools; (3) more favorable lactate metabolism; and (4) improved cell cloning efficiency during monoclonal cell line generation. Proteomic analysis together with Western blot validation were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which high MMP influenced production performance. The MMP-enriched host exhibited multifaceted protection against mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Our findings indicate that the MMP-enriched host achieved an overall “fitter” phenotype that contributes to the significant improvement in biomanufacturing capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Chakrabarti
- Cell Culture & Fermentation Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Junmin Wang
- Dynamic Omics, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Chunlei Wang
- Analytical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Chen Qian
- Analytical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Cazares
- Dynamic Omics, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Sonja Hess
- Dynamic Omics, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Peter Amaya
- Cell Culture & Fermentation Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jie Zhu
- Cell Culture & Fermentation Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Diane Hatton
- Cell Culture & Fermentation Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aebischer-Gumy C, Moretti P, Ollier R, Ries Fecourt C, Rousseau F, Bertschinger M. SPLICELECT™: an adaptable cell surface display technology based on alternative splicing allowing the qualitative and quantitative prediction of secreted product at a single-cell level. MAbs 2021; 12:1709333. [PMID: 31955651 PMCID: PMC6973322 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1709333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a mammalian expression construct (SPLICELECT™) that allows the redirection of a proportion of a secreted protein onto the cell surface using alternative splicing: whereas the majority of the RNA is spliced into a transcript encoding a secreted protein, a weak splice donor site yields a secondary transcript encoding, in addition, a C-terminal transmembrane domain. The different sequence elements can be modified in order to modulate the level of cell surface display and of secretion in an independent manner. In this work, we demonstrated that the cell surface display of stable cell lines is correlated with the level of the secreted protein of interest, but also with the level of heterodimerization in the case of a bispecific antibody. It was also shown that this construct may be useful for rapid screening of multiple antibody candidates in binding assays following transient transfection. Thus, the correlation of product quantity and quality of the secreted and of membrane-displayed product in combination with the flexibility of the construct with regards to cell surface display/secretion levels make SPLICELECT™ a valuable tool with many potential applications, not limited to industrial cell line development or antibody engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christel Aebischer-Gumy
- Cell Sciences, Ichnos Sciences SA (formerly Glenmark Pharmaceuticals SA), La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Moretti
- Cell Sciences, Ichnos Sciences SA (formerly Glenmark Pharmaceuticals SA), La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - Romain Ollier
- Antibody Engineering, Ichnos Sciences SA (formerly Glenmark Pharmaceuticals SA), La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Ries Fecourt
- Antibody Engineering, Ichnos Sciences SA (formerly Glenmark Pharmaceuticals SA), La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - François Rousseau
- Antibody Engineering, Ichnos Sciences SA (formerly Glenmark Pharmaceuticals SA), La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - Martin Bertschinger
- Cell Sciences, Ichnos Sciences SA (formerly Glenmark Pharmaceuticals SA), La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kshirsagar R, Ryll T. Innovation in Cell Banking, Expansion, and Production Culture. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 165:51-74. [PMID: 29637222 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell culture-based production processes enable the development and commercial supply of recombinant protein products. Such processes consist of the following elements: thaw and initiation of culture, seed expansion, and production culture. A robust cell source storage system in the form of a cell bank is developed and cells are thawed to initiate the cell culture process. Seed culture expansion generates sufficient cell mass to initiate the production culture. The production culture provides an environment where the cells can synthesize the product and is optimized to deliver the highest possible product concentration with acceptable product quality. This chapter describes the significant innovations made in these process elements and the resulting improvements in the overall efficiency, robustness, and safety of the processes and products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Kshirsagar
- Technical Development, Biogen, 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Thomas Ryll
- Technical Operations, ImmunoGen, Inc., 830 Winter Street, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jia Y, Guo X, Lu J, Wang X, Qiu L, Wang T. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout for DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a in CHO cells displays enhanced transgenic expression and long-term stability. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4106-4116. [PMID: 29851281 PMCID: PMC6111867 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CHO cells are the preferred host for the production of complex pharmaceutical proteins in the biopharmaceutical industry, and genome engineering of CHO cells would benefit product yield and stability. Here, we demonstrated the efficacy of a Dnmt3a-deficient CHO cell line created by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology through gene disruptions in Dnmt3a, which encode the proteins involved in DNA methyltransferases. The transgenes, which were driven by the 2 commonly used CMV and EF1α promoters, were evaluated for their expression level and stability. The methylation levels of CpG sites in the promoter regions and the global DNA were compared in the transfected cells. The Dnmt3a-deficent CHO cell line based on Dnmt3a KO displayed an enhanced long-term stability of transgene expression under the control of the CMV promoter in transfected cells in over 60 passages. Under the CMV promoter, the Dnmt3a-deficent cell line with a high transgene expression displayed a low methylation rate in the promoter region and global DNA. Under the EF1α promoter, the Dnmt3a-deficient and normal cell lines with low transgene expression exhibited high DNA methylation rates. These findings provide insight into cell line modification and design for improved recombinant protein production in CHO and other mammalian cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Long Jia
- College of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
| | - Xiao Guo
- College of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
| | - Jiang‐Tao Lu
- College of PharmacyXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
| | - Xiao‐Yin Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
- School of Basic MedicineXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
| | - Le‐Le Qiu
- School of Basic MedicineXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
| | - Tian‐Yun Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of HenanXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
- School of Basic MedicineXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenanChina
| |
Collapse
|