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Gambacorta G, Sharley JS, Baxendale IR. A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1181-1312. [PMID: 34136010 PMCID: PMC8182698 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their intrinsic physical properties, which includes being able to perform as volatile liquids at room and biological temperatures, fragrance ingredients/intermediates make ideal candidates for continuous-flow manufacturing. This review highlights the potential crossover between a multibillion dollar industry and the flourishing sub-field of flow chemistry evolving within the discipline of organic synthesis. This is illustrated through selected examples of industrially important transformations specific to the fragrances and flavours industry and by highlighting the advantages of conducting these transformations by using a flow approach. This review is designed to be a compendium of techniques and apparatus already published in the chemical and engineering literature which would constitute a known solution or inspiration for commonly encountered procedures in the manufacture of fragrance and flavour chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Gambacorta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - James S Sharley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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2
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Dankers C, Tadros J, Harman DG, Aldrich-Wright JR, Nguyen TV, Gordon CP. Immobilized Carbodiimide Assisted Flow Combinatorial Protocol to Facilitate Amide Coupling and Lactamization. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:255-267. [PMID: 32283009 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Through a screen of over one hundred and 30 permutations of reaction temperatures, solvents, carbodiimide resins, and carbodiimide molar equivalences, in the presence, absence, or combination of diisopropylamine and benzotriazole additives, a convenient and first reported carbodiimide polymer-assisted flow approach to effect amide coupling and lactamization was developed. The protocol entails injecting a single solution (1:9 dimethylformamide: dichloromethane) containing a carboxylic acid and an amine or linear peptide sequence into a continuous stream of dichloromethane. The protocol remained viable in the absence of base, did not require carboxylate preactivation which, and in concert with minimal workup requirements, enabled the isolation of products in high yields. Compared to the utilization of untethered carbodiimide reagents, the flow procedure was also observed to provide a degree of racemization safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dankers
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
| | - Joseph Tadros
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
| | - David G. Harman
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Building 30, Goldsmith Avenue, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Building 30, Goldsmith Avenue, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
| | - Janice R. Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
- Nanoscale Organization and Dynamics Group, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
| | - Thanh V. Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Building 30, Goldsmith Avenue, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
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Chiurchiù E, Patehebieke Y, Gabrielli S, Ballini R, Palmieri A. β‐Nitroacrylates as Starting Materials of Thiophene‐2‐Carboxylates Under Continuous Flow Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chiurchiù
- Green Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino n. 1 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy
| | - Yeersen Patehebieke
- Green Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino n. 1 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy
| | - Serena Gabrielli
- Green Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino n. 1 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy
| | - Roberto Ballini
- Green Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino n. 1 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- Green Chemistry Group, Chemistry Division, School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino n. 1 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy
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Henseler AH, Ayats C, Pericàs MA. An Enantioselective Recyclable Polystyrene-Supported Threonine-Derived Organocatalyst for Aldol Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Puglisi A, Benaglia M, Annunziata R, Chiroli V, Porta R, Gervasini A. Chiral Hybrid Inorganic–Organic Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in Stereoselective Organocatalytic Cycloadditions. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11326-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401852v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Puglisi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Valerio Chiroli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Porta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Gervasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
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Roper KA, Berry MB, Ley SV. The application of a monolithic triphenylphosphine reagent for conducting Ramirez gem-dibromoolefination reactions in flow. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1781-90. [PMID: 24062843 PMCID: PMC3778394 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of a monolithic form of triphenylphosphine to the Ramirez gem-dibromoolefination reaction using flow chemistry techniques is reported. A variety of gem-dibromides were synthesised in high purity and excellent yield following only removal of solvent and no further off-line purification. It is also possible to perform the Appel reaction using the same monolith and the relationship between the mechanisms of the two reactions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley A Roper
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Malcolm B Berry
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Steven V Ley
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1EW, U.K
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Arakawa Y, Wennemers H. Enamine catalysis in flow with an immobilized peptidic catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:242-245. [PMID: 23161643 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pep talk: An immobilized peptidic catalyst achieves more than 600 turnovers in a continuous-flow system, allowing the production of chiral γ-nitroaldehydes with excellent stereoselectivities on a scale of >450 mmol (>100 g). Such a high efficiency opens the way for more practical applications of enamine catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Arakawa
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Fan X, Sayalero S, Pericàs MA. Asymmetric α-Amination of Aldehydes Catalyzed by PS-Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ethers: Remediation of Catalyst Deactivation for Continuous Flow Operation. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Borré E, Rouen M, Laurent I, Magrez M, Caijo F, Crévisy C, Solodenko W, Toupet L, Frankfurter R, Vogt C, Kirschning A, Mauduit M. A Fast-Initiating Ionically Tagged Ruthenium Complex: A Robust Supported Pre-catalyst for Batch-Process and Continuous-Flow Olefin Metathesis. Chemistry 2012; 18:16369-82. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ayats C, Henseler AH, Pericàs MA. A solid-supported organocatalyst for continuous-flow enantioselective aldol reactions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:320-5. [PMID: 22442839 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric aldol reactions catalyzed by a novel polystyrene-immobilized proline derivative occur in short reaction times with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The catalyst can be recovered by simple filtration and shows very high reusability. The high activity depicted by the supported catalyst and its chemical and mechanical stability have allowed its application in packed-bed reactors for continuous flow processing. This system can produce enantio- and diastereomerically pure aldol adducts under continuous flow conditions with a residence time of 26 min. Furthermore, the reactor allowed processing of four different aldol products in sequence without any decrease in both catalytic activity and optical purity. The effective catalyst loading could be reduced to 1.6% (six-fold reduction of catalyst loading compared to the corresponding batch process).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Ayats
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Tarragona, Spain
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12
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Wegner J, Ceylan S, Kirschning A. Flow Chemistry – A Key Enabling Technology for (Multistep) Organic Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Wegner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, D‐30167 Hannover, Germany, Fax: (+49)‐(0)511‐762‐3011; phone: (+49)‐(0)511‐762‐4612
| | - Sascha Ceylan
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, D‐30167 Hannover, Germany, Fax: (+49)‐(0)511‐762‐3011; phone: (+49)‐(0)511‐762‐4612
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Biomolekulares Wirkstoffzentrum (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, D‐30167 Hannover, Germany, Fax: (+49)‐(0)511‐762‐3011; phone: (+49)‐(0)511‐762‐4612
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13
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Roper KA, Lange H, Polyzos A, Berry MB, Baxendale IR, Ley SV. The application of a monolithic triphenylphosphine reagent for conducting Appel reactions in flow microreactors. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1648-55. [PMID: 22238543 PMCID: PMC3252869 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we describe the application of a monolithic triphenylphosphine reagent to the Appel reaction in flow-chemistry processing, to generate various brominated products with high purity and in excellent yields, and with no requirement for further off-line purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley A Roper
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Heiko Lange
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Anastasios Polyzos
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Malcolm B Berry
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Steven V Ley
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB2 1EW, UK
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Takeda K, Oohara T, Shimada N, Nambu H, Hashimoto S. Continuous Flow System with a Polymer-Supported Dirhodium(II) Catalyst: Application to Enantioselective Carbonyl Ylide Cycloaddition Reactions. Chemistry 2011; 17:13992-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Cambeiro XC, Martín-Rapún R, Miranda PO, Sayalero S, Alza E, Llanes P, Pericàs MA. Continuous-flow enantioselective α-aminoxylation of aldehydes catalyzed by a polystyrene-immobilized hydroxyproline. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1486-93. [PMID: 22238521 PMCID: PMC3252847 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of polystyrene-immobilized proline-based catalysts in packed-bed reactors for the continuous-flow, direct, enantioselective α-aminoxylation of aldehydes is described. The system allows the easy preparation of a series of β-aminoxy alcohols (after a reductive workup) with excellent optical purity and with an effective catalyst loading of ca. 2.5% (four-fold reduction compared to the batch process) working at residence times of ca. 5 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xacobe C Cambeiro
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rafael Martín-Rapún
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pedro O Miranda
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Sayalero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Esther Alza
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Patricia Llanes
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miquel A Pericàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). Avda. Països Catalans, 16. E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona. Avda. Martí I Franqués, 1. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Carter CF, Lange H, Sakai D, Baxendale IR, Ley SV. Diastereoselective chain-elongation reactions using microreactors for applications in complex molecule assembly. Chemistry 2011; 17:3398-405. [PMID: 21344524 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diastereoselective chain-elongation reactions are important transformations for the assembly of complex molecular structures, such as those present in polyketide natural products. Here we report new methods for performing crotylation reactions and homopropargylation reactions by using newly developed low-temperature flow-chemistry technology. In-line purification protocols are described, as well as the application of the crotylation protocol in an automated multi-step sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F Carter
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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Ceylan S, Coutable L, Wegner J, Kirschning A. Inductive Heating with Magnetic Materials inside Flow Reactors. Chemistry 2011; 17:1884-93. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Carter CF, Lange H, Ley SV, Baxendale IR, Wittkamp B, Goode JG, Gaunt NL. ReactIR Flow Cell: A New Analytical Tool for Continuous Flow Chemical Processing. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op900305v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F. Carter
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem, 7075 Samuel Morse Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21046, U.S.A., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem UK, 64 Boston Road, Beaumont Leys, Leicester LE4 1AW, UK
| | - Heiko Lange
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem, 7075 Samuel Morse Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21046, U.S.A., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem UK, 64 Boston Road, Beaumont Leys, Leicester LE4 1AW, UK
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem, 7075 Samuel Morse Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21046, U.S.A., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem UK, 64 Boston Road, Beaumont Leys, Leicester LE4 1AW, UK
| | - Ian R. Baxendale
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem, 7075 Samuel Morse Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21046, U.S.A., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem UK, 64 Boston Road, Beaumont Leys, Leicester LE4 1AW, UK
| | - Brian Wittkamp
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem, 7075 Samuel Morse Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21046, U.S.A., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem UK, 64 Boston Road, Beaumont Leys, Leicester LE4 1AW, UK
| | - Jon G. Goode
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem, 7075 Samuel Morse Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21046, U.S.A., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem UK, 64 Boston Road, Beaumont Leys, Leicester LE4 1AW, UK
| | - Nigel L. Gaunt
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem, 7075 Samuel Morse Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21046, U.S.A., Mettler-Toledo AutoChem UK, 64 Boston Road, Beaumont Leys, Leicester LE4 1AW, UK
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Baxendale I, Schou SÃ, Sedelmeier JÃ, Ley S. Multi-Step Synthesis by Using Modular Flow Reactors: The Preparation of YneOnes and Their Use in Heterocycle Synthesis. Chemistry 2010; 16:89-94. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Gembus V, Bonnet JJ, Janin F, Bohn P, Levacher V, Brière JF. Synthesis of pyrazolines by a site isolated resin-bound reagents methodology. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3287-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c004704j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Palmieri A, Ley SV, Polyzos A, Ladlow M, Baxendale IR. Continuous flow based catch and release protocol for the synthesis of alpha-ketoesters. Beilstein J Org Chem 2009; 5:23. [PMID: 19590738 PMCID: PMC2707014 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.5.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a combination of commercially available mesofluidic flow equipment and tubes packed with immobilised reagents and scavengers, a new synthesis of alpha-ketoesters is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Palmieri
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Steven V Ley
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasios Polyzos
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton South, Melbourne, Australia, 3169
| | - Mark Ladlow
- Uniqsis, Shepreth, Cambridgeshire, SG8 6GB, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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Ceylan S, Friese C, Lammel C, Mazac K, Kirschning A. Inductive heating for organic synthesis by using functionalized magnetic nanoparticles inside microreactors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:8950-3. [PMID: 18924199 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ceylan
- Zentrum für Biomolekulare Wirkstoffe (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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Ceylan S, Friese C, Lammel C, Mazac K, Kirschning A. Induktives Heizen in der organischen Synthese durch Verwendung funktionalisierter magnetischer Nanopartikel in Mikroreaktoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Wiles C, Watts P. Continuous Flow Reactors, a Tool for the Modern Synthetic Chemist. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200701041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Wiles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Paul Watts
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
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