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Tomatsu S, Azario I, Sawamoto K, Pievani AS, Biondi A, Serafini M. Neonatal cellular and gene therapies for mucopolysaccharidoses: the earlier the better? J Inherit Metab Dis 2016; 39:189-202. [PMID: 26578156 PMCID: PMC4754332 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-015-9900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). The increasing interest in newborn screening procedures for LSDs underlines the need for alternative cellular and gene therapy approaches to be developed during the perinatal period, supporting the treatment of MPS patients before the onset of clinical signs and symptoms. The rationale for considering these early therapies results from the clinical experience in the treatment of MPSs and other genetic disorders. The normal or gene-corrected hematopoiesis transplanted in patients can produce the missing protein at levels sufficient to improve and/or halt the disease-related abnormalities. However, these current therapies are only partially successful, probably due to the limited efficacy of the protein provided through the hematopoiesis. An alternative explanation is that the time at which the cellular or gene therapy procedures are performed could be too late to prevent pre-existing or progressive organ damage. Considering these aspects, in the last several years, novel cellular and gene therapy approaches have been tested in different animal models at birth, a highly early stage, showing that precocious treatment is critical to prevent long-term pathological consequences. This review provides insights into the state-of-art accomplishments made with neonatal cellular and gene-based therapies and the major barriers that need to be overcome before they can be implemented in the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Tomatsu
- Department of Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Institute Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA.
- Skeletal Dysplasia Lab, Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Rd., Wilmington, DE, 19899-0269, USA.
| | - Isabella Azario
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi, 33, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Kazuki Sawamoto
- Department of Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Institute Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Alice Silvia Pievani
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi, 33, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi, 33, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Marta Serafini
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi, 33, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy.
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Mizer JC, Ichim TE, Alexandrescu DT, Dasanu CA, Ramos F, Turner A, Woods EJ, Bogin V, Murphy MP, Koos D, Patel AN. Exogenous endothelial cells as accelerators of hematopoietic reconstitution. J Transl Med 2012; 10:231. [PMID: 23171397 PMCID: PMC3543295 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the successes of recombinant hematopoietic-stimulatory factors at accelerating bone marrow reconstitution and shortening the neutropenic period post-transplantation, significant challenges remain such as cost, inability to reconstitute thrombocytic lineages, and lack of efficacy in conditions such as aplastic anemia. A possible means of accelerating hematopoietic reconstitution would be administration of cells capable of secreting hematopoietic growth factors. Advantages of this approach would include: a) ability to regulate secretion of cytokines based on biological need; b) long term, localized production of growth factors, alleviating need for systemic administration of factors that possess unintended adverse effects; and c) potential to actively repair the hematopoietic stem cell niche. Here we overview the field of hematopoietic growth factors, discuss previous experiences with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in accelerating hematopoiesis, and conclude by putting forth the rationale of utilizing exogenous endothelial cells as a novel cellular therapy for acceleration of hematopoietic recovery.
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