Krauter G, Von der Lieth CW, Schmidt R, Hecker E. Structure/activity relationships of polyfunctional diterpenes of the tigliane type. A pharmacophore model for protein-kinase-C activators based on structure/activity studies and molecular modeling of the tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and 3-O-tetradecanoylingenol.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1996;
242:417-27. [PMID:
8973661 DOI:
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0417r.x]
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Abstract
For protein kinase C (PKC), a family of isoenzymes with serine/threonine-kinase activity identified as the major cellular receptor for certain skin irritants and tumor promoters, a new pharmacophore model is presented. By structure/activity relationship studies of naturally occurring and synthetic diterpene esters of the tigliane type (PKC activators) it is demonstrated that in addition to the oxygen at C20 it is the O-acyl function in position C13 which is critically essential for skin-irritant and tumor-promoting bioactivities rather than other oxygen atoms. This result is confirmed and extended by computer-assisted molecular modeling of tigliane-type and ingenane-type tumor promoters. It is contrasted to certain features attributed to the pharmacophore based upon the recently determined crystallographic structure of the effector-binding domain Cys2 of PKC delta complexed with the pseudo-agonist phorbol 13-acetate.
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