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Jørgensen HJ, Valheim M, Sekse C, Bergsjø BA, Wisløff H, Nørstebø SF, Skancke E, Lagesen K, Haaland AH, Rodriguez-Campos S, Sjurseth SK, Hofshagen M, Jarp J, Tronerud OH, Johannessen GS, Heggelund M, Rygg S, Christensen E, Boye M, Gjerset B, Sandvik M, Soltvedt EM, Wolff C. An Official Outbreak Investigation of Acute Haemorrhagic Diarrhoea in Dogs in Norway Points to Providencia alcalifaciens as a Likely Cause. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3201. [PMID: 34827932 PMCID: PMC8614335 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An outbreak investigation was initiated in September 2019, following a notification to the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) of an unusually high number of dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea (AHD) in Oslo. Diagnostic testing by reporting veterinarians had not detected a cause. The official investigation sought to identify a possible common cause, the extent of the outbreak and prevent spread. Epidemiological data were collected through a survey to veterinarians and interviews with dog owners. Diagnostic investigations included necropsies and microbiological, parasitological and toxicological analysis of faecal samples and food. In total, 511 dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea were registered between 1 August and 1 October. Results indicated a common point source for affected dogs, but were inconclusive with regard to common exposures. A notable finding was that 134 of 325 faecal samples (41%) cultured positive for Providencia alcalifaciens. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 75 P. alcalifaciens isolates from 73 dogs revealed that strains from 51 dogs belonged to the same WGS clone. Findings point to P. alcalifaciens as implicated in the outbreak, but investigations are needed to reveal the pathogenic potential of P. alcalifaciens in dogs and its epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Joan Jørgensen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Mette Valheim
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Camilla Sekse
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Bjarne Asbjørn Bergsjø
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Helene Wisløff
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Simen Foyn Nørstebø
- Bacteriology and Mycology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PB 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway; (S.F.N.); (S.R.-C.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Ellen Skancke
- University Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PB 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway; (E.S.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Karin Lagesen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Anita Haug Haaland
- University Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PB 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway; (E.S.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Sabrina Rodriguez-Campos
- Bacteriology and Mycology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PB 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway; (S.F.N.); (S.R.-C.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Siri Kulberg Sjurseth
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Merete Hofshagen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Jorun Jarp
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | | | - Gro Skøien Johannessen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | | | - Sasja Rygg
- Anicura Norway, Hoffsveien 70c, 0377 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Ellen Christensen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Mette Boye
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Britt Gjerset
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Morten Sandvik
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Eiril Moen Soltvedt
- Bacteriology and Mycology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PB 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway; (S.F.N.); (S.R.-C.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Cecilia Wolff
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, PB 64, 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.V.); (C.S.); (B.A.B.); (H.W.); (K.L.); (S.K.S.); (M.H.); (J.J.); (G.S.J.); (E.C.); (M.B.); (B.G.); (M.S.); (C.W.)
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Pires NMM, Dong T, Yang Z, da Silva LFBA. Recent methods and biosensors for foodborne pathogen detection in fish: progress and future prospects to sustainable aquaculture systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1852-1876. [PMID: 32539431 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1767032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry has advanced toward sustainable recirculating systems, in where parameters of food quality are strictly monitored. Despite that, as in the case of conventional aquaculture practices, the recirculating systems also suffer threats from Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., Streptococcus spp., among other foodborne pathogens infecting farmed fish. The aquaculture pathogens are routinely detected by conventional PCR methods or antibody-based tests, with the detection protocols confined to laboratory use. Emerging assay technologies and biosensors recently reported in the literature open new opportunities to the development of sensitive, specific, and portable analytical devices to use in the field. Techniques of DNA/RNA analysis, immunoassays and other nanomolecular technologies have been facing important advances in response time, sensitivity, and enhanced power of discrimination among and within species. Moreover, the recent developments of electrochemical and optical signal transduction have facilitated the incorporation of the innovative assays to practical miniaturized devices. In this work, it is provided a critical review over foodborne pathogen detection by existing and promising methods and biosensors applied to fish samples and extended to other food matrices. While isothermal DNA/RNA amplification methods can be highlighted among the assay methods for their promising analytical performance and suitability for point-of-care testing, the electrochemical transduction provides a way to achieve cost-effective biosensors amenable to use in the aquaculture field. The adoption of new methods and biosensors would constitute a step forward in securing sustainable aquaculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M M Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, Kongsberg, Norway.,Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Ås, Norway
| | - Tao Dong
- Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luís F B A da Silva
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
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Jawhara M, Sørensen SB, Heitmann BL, Halldórsson ÞI, Pedersen AK, Andersen V. The Relation between Red Meat and Whole-Grain Intake and the Colonic Mucosal Barrier: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061765. [PMID: 32545531 PMCID: PMC7353246 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Colonic Mucosal Barrier (CMB) is the site of interaction between the human body and the colonic microbiota. The mucus is the outer part of the CMB and is considered as the front-line defense of the colon. It separates the host epithelial lining from the colonic content, and it has previously been linked to health and diseases. In this study, we assessed the relationship between red meat and whole-grain intake and (1) the thickness of the colonic mucus (2) the expression of the predominant mucin gene in the human colon (MUC2). Patients referred to colonoscopy at the University Hospital of Southern Denmark- Sonderjylland were enrolled between June 2017 and December 2018, and lifestyle data was collected in a cross-sectional study design. Colonic biopsies, blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected. The colonic mucus and bacteria were visualized by immunostaining and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. We found a thinner mucus was associated with high red meat intake. Similarly, the results suggested a thinner mucus was associated with high whole-grain intake, albeit to a lesser extent than red meat. This is the first study assessing the association between red meat and whole-grain intake and the colonic mucus in humans. This study is approved by the Danish Ethics Committee (S-20160124) and the Danish Data Protecting Agency (2008-58-035). A study protocol was registered at clinical trials.gov under NCT04235348.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Jawhara
- Focused Research Unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research, Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of Southern Denmark- Sonderjylland, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark; (S.B.S.); (V.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Sonderjylland, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-7997-0000
| | - Signe Bek Sørensen
- Focused Research Unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research, Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of Southern Denmark- Sonderjylland, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark; (S.B.S.); (V.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
- Section for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Þórhallur Ingi Halldórsson
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland;
- Centre for Fetal Programming, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kristian Pedersen
- Lærings- og Forskningshuset, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sonderjylland, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark;
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Focused Research Unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research, Institute of Regional Health Research, University Hospital of Southern Denmark- Sonderjylland, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark; (S.B.S.); (V.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Open Patient Data Explorative Network, University of Southern Jutland, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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Woetmann A, Alhede M, Dabelsteen S, Bjarnsholt T, Rybtke M, Nastasi C, Krejsgaard T, Andersen MH, Bonefeld CM, Geisler C, Givskov M, Odum N. Interleukin-26 (IL-26) is a novel anti-microbial peptide produced by T cells in response to staphylococcal enterotoxin. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19481-19489. [PMID: 29731960 PMCID: PMC5929403 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-microbial peptides are produced at outer and inner surfaces by epithelia and innate immune cells in response to bacterial infection. Staphylococcus aureus is an enterotoxin producing, Gram-positive pathogen, which is a major cause of soft tissue infections and life-threatening bacteremia and sepsis. Here we show that (i) skin T cells in chronic wounds infected with S. aureus express interleukin-26 (IL-26) in situ, (ii) staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) trigger IL-26 expression in T cell lines and primary skin T cells, and (iii) IL-26 triggers death and inhibits biofilm formation and growth of S. aureus. Thus, we provide novel evidence that IL-26 is an anti-microbial peptide produced by T cells in response to SE. Accordingly, we propose that IL-26 producing T cells take part in the innate immune response to SE producing S. aureus and thus play a novel role in the primary innate immune defense in addition to their classical role in adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Woetmann
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Alhede
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally Dabelsteen
- Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Costerton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Rybtke
- Costerton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claudia Nastasi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorbjørn Krejsgaard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Charlotte M Bonefeld
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Geisler
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Givskov
- Costerton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Niels Odum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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