Matrix Metalloproteinase Triple-Helical Peptide Inhibitors: Potential Cross-Reactivity with Caspase-11.
Molecules 2019;
24:molecules24234355. [PMID:
31795279 PMCID:
PMC6930605 DOI:
10.3390/molecules24234355]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-helical peptide inhibitors (THPIs) of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have recently been demonstrated to be effective in a variety of animal models of disease, coincidental with knockout studies. However, passenger mutations have been described in MMP knockout mice that impact the activity of other proteins, including caspase-11. Thus, it is possible that the results observed with THPIs may be based on inhibition of caspase-11, not MMPs. The present study evaluated whether THPIs were cross-reactive with caspase-11. Two different THPIs were tested, one that is known to inhibit MMP-1 and MMP-8 (GlyΨ{PO2H-CH2}Ile-His-Lys-Gln THPI) and one that is selective for MMP-2 and MMP-9 (α1(V)GlyΨ{PO2H-CH2}Val [mep14,32,Flp15,33] THPI). No inhibition of caspase-11 was observed with GlyΨ{PO2H–CH2}Ile–His–Lys–Gln THPI, even at an inhibitor concentration of 5 μM, while 5 μM α1(V)GlyΨ{PO2H-CH2}Val [mep14,32,Flp15,33] THPI exhibited 40% inhibition of caspase-11. Further testing of GlyΨ{PO2H-CH2}Ile-His-Lys-Gln THPI revealed nM inhibition of MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-13. Thus, the effectiveness of GlyΨ{PO2H-CH2}Ile-His-Lys-Gln THPI observed in a sepsis animal model may not be due to caspase-11 inhibition, but may be due to broader MMP inhibition than previously thought.
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