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Yang D, Hu Y, Yang J, Tao L, Su Y, Wu Y, Yao Y, Wang S, Ye S, Xu T. Research Progress on the Correlation between Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 389:163-173. [PMID: 38453527 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant pathologic type of primary liver cancer. It is a malignant tumor of liver epithelial cells. There are many ways to treat HCC, but the survival rate for HCC patients remains low. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms by which HCC occurs and develops is critical to explore new therapeutic targets. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an important player in the redox reaction of ethanol with endogenous aldehyde products released by lipid peroxidation. Increasing evidence suggests that ALDH2 is a crucial regulator of human tumor development, including HCC. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between ALDH2 and HCC is helpful for formulating rational treatment strategies. This review highlights the regulatory roles of ALDH2 in the development of HCC, elucidates the multiple potential mechanisms by which ALDH2 regulates the development of HCC, and summarizes the progress of research on ALDH2 gene polymorphisms and HCC susceptibility. Meanwhile, we envision viable strategies for targeting ALDH2 in the treatment of HCC SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Numerous studies have aimed to explore novel therapeutic targets for HCC, and ALDH2 has been reported to be a critical regulator of HCC progression. This review discusses the functions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance of ALDH2 in the development of HCC and examines the prospects of ALDH2-based therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashuai Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Junfa Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Liangsong Tao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Yue Su
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Yincui Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Yan Yao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Sheng Ye
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (D.Y., L.T., Y.W., Y.Y., S.W., T.X.); State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China (Y.H.); Department of Pediatric orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, China (J.Y.); Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China (Y.S.); and School of Materials and Chemistry and School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.Y.)
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Porto E, De Backer J, Thuy LTT, Kawada N, Hankeln T. Transcriptomics of a cytoglobin knockout mouse: Insights from hepatic stellate cells and brain. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 250:112405. [PMID: 37977965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The vertebrate respiratory protein cytoglobin (Cygb) is thought to exert multiple cellular functions. Here we studied the phenotypic effects of a Cygb knockout (KO) in mouse on the transcriptome level. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed for the first time on sites of major endogenous Cygb expression, i.e. quiescent and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and two brain regions, hippocampus and hypothalamus. The data recapitulated the up-regulation of Cygb during HSC activation and its expression in the brain. Differential gene expression analyses suggested a role of Cygb in the response to inflammation in HSCs and its involvement in retinoid metabolism, retinoid X receptor (RXR) activation-induced xenobiotics metabolism, and RXR activation-induced lipid metabolism and signaling in activated cells. Unexpectedly, only minor effects of the Cygb KO were detected in the transcriptional profiles in hippocampus and hypothalamus, precluding any enrichment analyses. Furthermore, the transcriptome data pointed at a previously undescribed potential of the Cygb- knockout allele to produce cis-acting effects, necessitating future verification studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Porto
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics & Genome Analysis Group, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, J. J. Becher-Weg 30A, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Joey De Backer
- Research Group PPES, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp 1610, Belgium
| | - Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics & Genome Analysis Group, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, J. J. Becher-Weg 30A, Mainz D-55128, Germany.
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Duan JJ, Cai J, Gao L, Yu SC. ALDEFLUOR activity, ALDH isoforms, and their clinical significance in cancers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2166035. [PMID: 36651035 PMCID: PMC9858439 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2166035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity is a metabolic feature of adult stem cells and various cancer stem cells (CSCs). The ALDEFLUOR system is currently the most commonly used method for evaluating ALDH enzyme activity in viable cells. This system is applied extensively in the isolation of normal stem cells and CSCs from heterogeneous cell populations. For many years, ALDH1A1 has been considered the most important subtype among the 19 ALDH family members in determining ALDEFLUOR activity. However, in recent years, studies of many types of normal and tumour tissues have demonstrated that other ALDH subtypes can also significantly influence ALDEFLUOR activity. In this article, we briefly review the relationships between various members of the ALDH family and ALDEFLUOR activity. The clinical significance of these ALDH isoforms in different cancers and possible directions for future studies are also summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Jie Duan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China,International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Cai
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China,International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital; Third Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Cang Yu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China,International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Chongqing, China,Jin-feng Laboratory, Chongqing, China,CONTACT Shi-Cang Yu Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing400038, China
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Kasai T, Tamori S, Takasaki Y, Matsuoka I, Ozaki A, Matsuda C, Harada Y, Sasaki K, Ohno S, Akimoto K. High expression of PKCλ and ALDH1A3 indicates a poor prognosis, and PKCλ is required for the asymmetric cell division of ALDH1A3-positive cancer stem cells in PDAC. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 669:85-94. [PMID: 37267864 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the cancer with the poorest prognosis. One of the major properties reflecting its poor prognosis is high-grade heterogeneity, which leads to insensitivity to anticancer treatments. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) acquire phenotypic heterogeneity, generating abnormally differentiated cells by asymmetric cell division. However, the detailed mechanism leading to phenotypic heterogeneity is largely unknown. Here, we showed that PDAC patients with co-upregulation of PKCλ and ALDH1A3 had the poorest clinical outcome. PKCλ knockdown by DsiRNA in the ALDH1high population of PDAC MIA-PaCa-2 cells attenuated the asymmetric distribution of the ALDH1A3 protein. To monitor asymmetric cell division of ALDH1A3-positive PDAC CSCs, we established stable Panc-1 PDAC clones expressing ALDH1A3-turboGFP (Panc-1-ALDH1A3-turboGFP cells). In addition to MIA-PaCa-2-ALDH1high cells, turboGFPhigh cells sorted from Panc-1-ALDH1A3-turboGFP cells showed asymmetric cell propagation of ALDH1A3 protein. PKCλ DsiRNA in Panc-1-ALDH1A3-turboGFP cells also attenuated the asymmetric distribution of ALDH1A3 protein. These results suggest that PKCλ regulates the asymmetric cell division of ALDH1A3-positive PDAC CSCs. Furthermore, Panc-1-ALDH1A3-turboGFP cells can be useful for the visualization and monitoring of CSC properties such as asymmetric cell division of ALDH1A3-positive PDAC CSCs in time-lapse imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kasai
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shoma Tamori
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan; Research Division of Medical Data Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuta Takasaki
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Izumi Matsuoka
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ozaki
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chika Matsuda
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Harada
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sasaki
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Ohno
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Akimoto
- Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan; Research Division of Medical Data Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.
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Zhai Z, Yamauchi T, Shangraw S, Hou V, Matsumoto A, Fujita M. Ethanol Metabolism and Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1258. [PMID: 36831600 PMCID: PMC9954650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Despite significant efforts in sun protection education, melanoma incidence is still rising globally, drawing attention to other socioenvironmental risk factors for melanoma. Ethanol and acetaldehyde (AcAH) are ubiquitous in our diets, medicines, alcoholic beverages, and the environment. In the liver, ethanol is primarily oxidized to AcAH, a toxic intermediate capable of inducing tumors by forming adducts with proteins and DNA. Once in the blood, ethanol and AcAH can reach the skin. Although, like the liver, the skin has metabolic mechanisms to detoxify ethanol and AcAH, the risk of ethanol/AcAH-associated skin diseases increases when the metabolic enzymes become dysfunctional in the skin. This review highlights the evidence linking cutaneous ethanol metabolism and melanoma. We summarize various sources of skin ethanol and AcAH and describe how the reduced activity of each alcohol metabolizing enzyme affects the sensitivity threshold to ethanol/AcAH toxicity. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database also show that three ethanol metabolizing enzymes (alcohol dehydrogenase 1B, P450 2E1, and catalase) and an AcAH metabolizing enzyme (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) are significantly reduced in melanoma tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Takeshi Yamauchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah Shangraw
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vincent Hou
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Akiko Matsumoto
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Xia J, Li S, Liu S, Zhang L. Aldehyde dehydrogenase in solid tumors and other diseases: Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e195. [PMID: 36694633 PMCID: PMC9842923 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) contains 19 isozymes and is involved in the oxidation of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes to carboxylic acids, which contributes to cellular and tissue homeostasis. ALDHs play essential parts in detoxification, biosynthesis, and antioxidants, which are of important value for cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in normal body tissues. However, ALDHs are frequently dysregulated and associated with various diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and especially solid tumors. Notably, the involvement of the ALDHs in tumor progression is responsible for the maintenance of the stem-cell-like phenotype, triggering rapid and aggressive clinical progressions. ALDHs have captured increasing attention as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Nevertheless, these require further longitudinal clinical studies in large populations for broad application. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding ALDHs as potential biomarkers in tumors and several non-tumor diseases, as well as recent advances in our understanding of the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ALDHs in disease development. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of ALDHs in diseases, especially in tumor therapy with an emphasis on their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xia
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Cancer Institutes, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Siqin Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Cancer Institutes, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Suling Liu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Cancer Institutes, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lixing Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Cancer Institutes, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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7
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Masdor NA, Mohammed Nawi A, Hod R, Wong Z, Makpol S, Chin SF. The Link between Food Environment and Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193954. [PMID: 36235610 PMCID: PMC9573320 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Food and diet are critical risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Food environments (FEs) can contribute to disease risk, including CRC. This review investigated the link between FEs and CRC incidence and mortality risk. The systematic search of studies utilised three primary journal databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Retrieved citations were screened and the data were extracted from articles related to the FE-exposed populations who were at risk for CRC and death. We evaluated ecological studies and cohort studies with quality assessment and the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form for Cohort Studies, respectively. A descriptive synthesis of the included studies was performed. Out of 89 articles identified, eight were eligible for the final review. The included studies comprised six ecological studies and two cohort studies published from 2013 to 2021. Six articles were from the US, one was from Africa, and one was from Switzerland. All eight studies were of good quality. The significant finding was that CRC incidence was associated with the availability of specific foods such as red meat, meat, animal fats, energy from animal sources, and an unhealthy FE. Increased CRC mortality was linked with the availability of animal fat, red meat, alcoholic beverages, and calorie food availability, residence in food deserts, and lower FE index. There were a variety of associations between CRC and the FE. The availability of specific foods, unhealthy FE, and food desserts impact CRC incidence and mortality. Creating a healthy FE in the future will require focus and thorough planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Azreen Masdor
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Azmawati Mohammed Nawi
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Rozita Hod
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Zhiqin Wong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Siok-Fong Chin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Thamrongwaranggoon U, Detarya M, Seubwai W, Saengboonmee C, Hino S, Koga T, Nakao M, Wongkham S. Lactic acidosis promotes aggressive features of cholangiocarcinoma cells via upregulating ALDH1A3 expression through EGFR axis. Life Sci 2022; 302:120648. [PMID: 35598658 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Lactic acidosis (LA) generated in tumor microenvironment promotes tumor metastasis and drug resistance. This study aimed to demonstrate the impacts and the mechanisms of LA on aldehyde dehydrogenase1A3 (ALDH1A3) in promoting aggressiveness and gemcitabine resistance in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines. The clinical relevance and the molecular pathway related to the upregulation of ALDH1A3 in LA cells will be revealed. MAIN METHODS ALDH1A3 expression and its clinical significances in CCA tissues were analyzed using the GEO databases. Human CCA cell lines, KKU-213A-LA and KKU-213B-LA maintained in the LA medium were studied and compared with its parental cells cultured in normal medium. Aggressive features-proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and gemcitabine response were determined. Expression of ALDH1A3, EGFR and the downstream effectors were analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS ALDH1A3 was upregulated in patient CCA tissues and correlated with LDHA and shorter survival of CCA patients. mRNA and protein of ALDH1A3 were increased in LA cells. Attenuation of ALDH1A3 expression by siRNA significantly reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and gemcitabine resistance of LA cells, and gemcitabine resistant cells. The EGF/EGFR signaling via Erk and STAT3 was pinned to be involved in the induction of ALDH1A3 expression in LA cells. The transcriptomic analysis from TCGA dataset supported the links between LDHA, EGFR and ALDH1A3 in several tumor tissues. SIGNIFICANCE Lactic acidosis upregulated EGFR and ALDH1A3 expression, leading to the aggressiveness of CCA cells. The EGFR/ALDH1A3 axis could be a novel therapeutic target to eradicate metastatic CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubonrat Thamrongwaranggoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Marutpong Detarya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Shinjiro Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Koga
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 860-0811, Japan.
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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9
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2-associated metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular diseases: current status, underlying mechanisms, and clinical recommendations. CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/cp9.0000000000000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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10
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MOU WL, CHEN SR, WU ZT, HU LH, ZHANG JY, CHANG HJ, ZHOU H, LIU Y. LPS-TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling mediates alcohol-induced liver fibrosis in rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2022; 35:193-203. [PMID: 35516842 PMCID: PMC9018403 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2021-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling MOU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Shi-ru CHEN
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Zhen-ting WU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Li-hua HU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Ji-ye ZHANG
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Hong-jie CHANG
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Hang ZHOU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Ying LIU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150000, China
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11
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Yao S, Chen W, Zuo H, Bi Z, Zhang X, Pang L, Jing Y, Yin X, Cheng H. Comprehensive Analysis of Aldehyde Dehydrogenases (ALDHs) and Its Significant Role in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:1274-1297. [PMID: 34928471 PMCID: PMC9270301 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage is closely related to the occurrence and progression of cancer. Oxidative stress plays an important role in alcohol-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a family of enzymes that plays an essential role in the reducing oxidative damage. However, how ALDHs family affects alcohol-related HCC remains obscure. We aimed to explore the correlation between the differential expression of ALDHs in patients with HCC and pathological features, as well as the relationship between ALDHs and prognosis, and finally analyze the possible mechanism of ALDHs in targeted therapy of HCC. The data of HCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. This research explored the expression and prognostic values of ALDHs in HCC using Oncomine, UALCAN, Human Protein Atlas, cBioPortal, Kaplan-Meier plotter, GeneMANIA, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, GEPIA databases, and WebGestalt. Low mRNA and protein expressions of ALDHs were found to be significantly associated with tumor grade and clinical cancer stages in HCC patients. In particular, the loss of ALDH expression is more obvious in Asians, and its effect on prognosis is far more significant than that in the White race. Our findings play an important role in the study of prognostic markers and anti-liver cancer therapeutic targets for the members of the ALDHs family, especially in patients with liver cancer in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - He Zuo
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ziran Bi
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lulian Pang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yanyan Jing
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiangxiang Yin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China. .,Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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12
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Selenomethionine-Dominated Selenium-Enriched Peanut Protein Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Liver Disease in Mice by Suppressing Oxidative Stress. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122979. [PMID: 34945529 PMCID: PMC8700997 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous natural compounds are considered as potential therapeutic agents against alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD). Research shows that selenium (Se) has a variety of bioactivities, including liver protecting ability. The present study based on in vitro cell culture models and in vivo mouse models was aimed at examining the contribution of selenomethionine (SeMet)-dominated Se-enriched peanut protein (SePP) to liver protection. SeMet and especially SePP reversed cell viability and cell death, inhibited ethanol induced CYP2E1 activation, decreased reactive oxygen species level, and restored GSH level. Hence, SeMet-dominated SePP alleviates alcohol-induced AML-12 cytotoxicity by suppressing oxidative stress. The p38-dependent mechanism was found to be responsible for SePP-induced Nrf-2 activation. Furthermore, supplementation with SePP and SeMet regulated lipid metabolism and reduced oxidative stress, minimizing liver damage in mice. Selenomethionine-dominated SePP possesses potential therapeutic properties and can be used to treat ALD through the suppression of oxidative stress.
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13
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Poturnajova M, Kozovska Z, Matuskova M. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 and 1A3 isoforms - mechanism of activation and regulation in cancer. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110120. [PMID: 34428540 PMCID: PMC8505796 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In some types of human cancer, aldehyde dehydrogenases represent stemness markers and their expression is associated with advanced disease stages and poor prognosis. Although several biological functions are mediated by their product Retinoid acid, the molecular mechanism is tissue-dependent and only partially understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the role of ALDH in solid tumours, especially ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 isoforms, regarding the molecular mechanism of their transcription and regulation, and their crosstalk with main molecular pathways resulting in the excessive proliferation, chemoresistance, stem cells properties and invasiveness. The recent knowledge of the regulatory effect of lnRNA on ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 is discussed too. Aldehyde dehydrogenases are important stem cell markers in many human cancer types. ALDH1A1 or ALDH1A3 activation participates in tumour progression, chemoresistance, stem-cell properties and invasiveness. ALDH1A1 interacts with oncogenic pathways Notch, NRF, CXCR4, Polycomb, MDR, and HOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Poturnajova
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Z Kozovska
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - M Matuskova
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
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14
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Kim SH, Jung HJ, Lee JH. Changes in the levels of headspace volatiles, including acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, in red and white wine following light irradiation. J Food Sci 2021; 86:834-841. [PMID: 33580549 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of fluorescence light irradiation on the changes in the levels of volatiles, especially acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, were determined in red and white wines. Three different red or white wine brands were mixed and subjected to light irradiation for 5 days. Generally, the levels of total volatiles in white wine were higher than those in red wine were and decreased during light irradiation. The level of 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, an aromatic compound commonly found in aging wine, decreased significantly following light irradiation (p < 0.05), whereas those of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde increased significantly in white wine (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the formaldehyde content in white wine was higher than that in red wine. Thus, light irradiation promotes the decomposition of major volatiles to a greater degree in white wine than in red wine. This implies that white wine may require more attention and caution against light exposure than red wine. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Red and white wines are two globally consumed alcoholic beverages; several factors influence their quality. This study evaluates the effects of light irradiation on the profiles of headspace volatiles, such as formaldehyde and acetaldehydes, which are harmful chemicals. Generally, the levels of total headspace volatiles decreased during storage, while those of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde increased markedly in white wine. This increase in aldehyde levels suggests that wines should not be exposed to light irradiation. The results of this study will help wine producers, distributors, and consumers maintain wines with low contents of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hyeok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Food Flavor Sensory Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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15
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Luo J, Li T, Xie J, Guo H, Liu L, Zhang G, Peng X. Guar gum different from Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in alleviating colorectal cancer based on omics analysis. Food Funct 2020; 11:572-584. [PMID: 31853533 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02786f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear if guar gum can alleviate colorectal cancer (CRC). We evaluated the effect of guar gum (unmodified) on the mortality, colon status, serous tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration, and gut microbial and colonic epithelial cell gene expression profiles in CRC mice and performed omics analyses to compare these with those of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP), whose main component is β-glucan (>90%). We found that guar gum had a CRC alleviating effect. However, it showed a 20% higher mortality rate, shorter colon length, worse colon status, larger number and size of tumors, higher concentration of serous TNF-α and upregulation of epithelial cell genes (Il10, Cytl1, Igkv7-33, Ighv1-14, Igfbp6 and Foxd3) compared to that of GLP. The higher relative abundance of Akkermansia, the alteration of microbial metabolic pathways, especially those involving chaperones and folding catalysts, fatty acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, lipid biosynthesis and pyruvate metabolism, and the upregulation of specific genes (Mcpt2, Mcpt9, Des and Sostdc1) were also determined in animals fed a guar gum diet. The results suggested that the alleviating effect of guar gum (an inexpensive polysaccharide) on CRC was inferior to that of GLP (a more expensive polysaccharide). This could potentially be attributed to the increased presence of Akkermansia, the alteration of 10 microbial metabolic pathways and the upregulation of 4 epithelial cell genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Zhu L, Hissa B, Győrffy B, Jann JC, Yang C, Reissfelder C, Schölch S. Characterization of Stem-like Circulating Tumor Cells in Pancreatic Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E305. [PMID: 32429174 PMCID: PMC7278018 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10050305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth most frequent cause of death from cancer. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with stem-like characteristics lead to distant metastases and thus contribute to the dismal prognosis of PDAC. Our purpose is to investigate the role of stemness in CTCs derived from a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC and to further explore the potential molecular mechanisms. The publically available RNA sequencing dataset GSE51372 was analyzed, and CTCs with (CTC-S) or without (CTC-N) stem-like features were discriminated based on a principal component analysis (PCA). Differentially expressed genes, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and further functional enrichment analyses were performed. The prognostic role of the candidate gene (CTNNB1) was assessed in a clinical PDAC patient cohort. Overexpression of the pluripotency marker Klf4 (Krüppel-like factor 4) in CTC-S cells positively correlates with Ctnnb1 (β-Catenin) expression, and their interaction presumably happens via protein-protein binding in the nucleus. As a result, the adherens junction pathway is significantly enriched in CTC-S. Furthermore, the overexpression of Ctnnb1 is a negative prognostic factor for progression-free survival (PFS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in human PDAC cohort. Overexpression of Ctnnb1 may thus promote the metastatic capabilities of CTCs with stem-like properties via adherens junctions in murine PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
| | - Barbara Hissa
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary;
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Johann-Christoph Jann
- Department of Medicine III, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
| | - Christoph Reissfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schölch
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (L.Z.); (B.H.); (C.Y.); (C.R.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) & German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Different Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenases 1A1 and 2 in Oral Leukoplakia With Epithelial Dysplasia and in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 27:537-542. [PMID: 29189260 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) may develop malignant characteristics and transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a range of 1% to 2% of cases. Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with carcinogenesis, but its mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. ALDH1A1 and 2, isoenzymes responsible for aldehyde oxidation involved in ethanol metabolism may be associated with the development of malignant head and neck neoplasms. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of ALDH1A1 and ALDH2 in oral leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia (OLP) and OSCC. A retrospective study was conducted on 27 cases of OLP and 30 cases of OSCC. Clinical data were obtained from medical records, and all cases were classified as mild, moderate, and severe for OLP, and well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, or poorly differentiated for OSCC cases. The ALDH1A1 and ALDH2 expression in OLP and OSCC was evaluated by the immunohistochemical technique. There was predominance of the male sex, in both OLP and OSCC cases. Oral tongue was the most affected site in both groups. OLP showed positive protein expression of ALDH1A1 in all cases, both basal and suprabasal epithelial layers, whereas ALDH2 showed less protein expression. In OSCC, the immunohistochemical reaction for ALDH1A1 expression was negative in 70%, whereas ALDH2 expression was positive in all cases. This study demonstrated the gradual loss of ALDH1A1 expression in OSCC in comparison with OLP, and the increased ALDH2 expression in OSCC.
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18
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Alhabbab RY. Targeting Cancer Stem Cells by Genetically Engineered Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells. Front Genet 2020; 11:312. [PMID: 32391048 PMCID: PMC7188929 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The term cancer stem cell (CSC) starts 25 years ago with the evidence that CSC is a subpopulation of tumor cells that have renewal ability and can differentiate into several distinct linages. Therefore, CSCs play crucial role in the initiation and the maintenance of cancer. Moreover, it has been proposed throughout several studies that CSCs are behind the failure of the conventional chemo-/radiotherapy as well as cancer recurrence due to their ability to resist the therapy and their ability to re-regenerate. Thus, the need for targeted therapy to eliminate CSCs is crucial; for that reason, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has currently been in use with high rate of success in leukemia and, to some degree, in patients with solid tumors. This review outlines the most common CSC populations and their common markers, in particular CD133, CD90, EpCAM, CD44, ALDH, and EGFRVIII, the interaction between CSCs and the immune system, CAR T cell genetic engineering and signaling, CAR T cells in targeting CSCs, and the barriers in using CAR T cells as immunotherapy to treat solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowa Y. Alhabbab
- Division of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 and Heart Failure. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1193:89-106. [PMID: 31368099 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6260-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a structural or functional cardiac abnormal syndrome characterized with series of symptoms and signs such as breathlessness, fatigue, pulmonary crackles, and peripheral edema. Being a terminal phase of most myocardial lesions, HF has become a leading cause of mobility and mortality worldwide, associated with heavy clinical burden and economic costs affecting over 23 million people [14]. There is an increase to 5.5% with systolic dysfunction and an increase to 36.0% with diastolic dysfunction in people 60 years or older [85]. The costs accompanied with heart failure stand 2-3% of the total healthcare system expenditure in high-income countries and are expected to increase >2-fold in the next 2 decades [34].
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20
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Hu Q, Myers M, Fang W, Yao M, Brummer G, Hawj J, Smart C, Berkland C, Cheng N. Role of ALDH1A1 and HTRA2 expression in CCL2/CCR2-mediated breast cancer cell growth and invasion. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.040873. [PMID: 31208996 PMCID: PMC6679398 DOI: 10.1242/bio.040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines mediate immune cell trafficking during tissue development, wound healing and infection. The chemokine CCL2 is best known to regulate macrophage recruitment during wound healing, infection and inflammatory diseases. While the importance of CCL2/CCR2 signaling in macrophages during cancer progression is well documented, we recently showed that CCL2-mediated breast cancer progression depends on CCR2 expression in carcinoma cells. Using 3D Matrigel: Collagen cultures of SUM225 and DCIS.com breast cancer cells, this study characterized the mechanisms of CCL2/CCR2 signaling in cell growth and invasion. SUM225 cells, which expressed lower levels of CCR2 than DCIS.com cells, formed symmetrical spheroids in Matrigel: Collagen, and were not responsive to CCL2 treatment. DCIS.com cells formed asymmetric cell clusters in Matrigel: Collagen. CCL2 treatment increased growth, decreased expression of E-cadherin and increased TWIST1 expression. CCR2 overexpression in SUM225 cells increased responsiveness to CCL2 treatment, enhancing growth and invasion. These phenotypes corresponded to increased expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) and decreased expression of the mitochondrial serine protease HTRA2. CCR2 deficiency in DCIS.com cells inhibited CCL2-mediated growth and invasion, corresponding to decreased ALDH1A1 expression and increased HTRA2 expression. ALDH1A1 and HTRA2 expression were modulated in CCR2-deficient and CCR2-overexpressing cell lines. We found that ALDH1A1 and HTRA2 regulates CCR2-mediated breast cancer cell growth and cellular invasion in a CCL2/CCR2 context-dependent manner. These data provide novel insight on the mechanisms of chemokine signaling in breast cancer cell growth and invasion, with important implications on targeted therapeutics for anti-cancer treatment. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Chemokines are known to regulate immune cell recruitment during inflammation. This report characterizes novel molecular mechanisms through which CCL2/CCR2 chemokine signaling in breast cancer cells regulates growth and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingting Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Megan Myers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Gage Brummer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Justin Hawj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Curtis Smart
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Cory Berkland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Nikki Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA .,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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21
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Petimar J, Smith-Warner SA, Rosner B, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Tabung FK. Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research 2018 Recommendations for Cancer Prevention and Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1469-1479. [PMID: 31235471 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) 2018 diet, nutrition, and physical activity recommendations aim to reduce cancer risk. We examined adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations and colorectal cancer risk in two prospective cohorts. METHODS We followed 68,977 women in the Nurses' Health Study and 45,442 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study from 1986 until 2012. We created cumulatively averaged WCRF/AICR scores using updated diet, adiposity, and physical activity data from questionnaires, and used Cox regression to estimate sex-specific HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident colorectal cancer. RESULTS We documented 2,449 colorectal cancer cases. Men in the highest quintile of the WCRF/AICR lifestyle score had a lower risk of colorectal cancer compared with those in the lowest quintile (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.52-0.77). The result was weaker in women (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.72-1.02; P heterogeneity by sex = 0.006). When analyzing the diet recommendations alone, we similarly observed stronger inverse associations in men (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.61-0.90) compared with women (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.77-1.12; P heterogeneity by sex = 0.06). In men, the lifestyle score was more strongly inversely associated with risk of distal colon cancer compared with proximal colon or rectal cancer (P common effects = 0.03); we did not observe significant differences between anatomic locations in women. CONCLUSIONS The 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations are associated with lower colorectal cancer risk in men, with weaker results in women. IMPACT Consideration of adiposity and physical activity in conjunction with diet is important for colorectal cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Petimar
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
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22
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Charkoftaki G, Thompson DC, Golla JP, Garcia-Milian R, Lam TT, Engel J, Vasiliou V. Integrated multi-omics approach reveals a role of ALDH1A1 in lipid metabolism in human colon cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 304:88-96. [PMID: 30851239 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jaya Prakash Golla
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Bioinformatics Support Program, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06250, USA
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Yale MS & Proteomics Resource, WM Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Jasper Engel
- Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, Wagenigen, the Netherlands
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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23
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Han S, Huang T, Wu X, Wang X, Li W, Liu S, Yang W, Shi Q, Li H, Shi K, Hou F. Prognostic value of ALDH1 and Nestin in advanced cancer: a systematic meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919830831. [PMID: 30833990 PMCID: PMC6393950 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919830831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for advanced cancer are urgently needed. This report with trial sequential analysis (TSA) was first conducted to provide robust estimates of the correlation between aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and Nestin and clinical outcomes of advanced cancer patients. Methods Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were summarized for overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), relapse/recurrence-free survival (RFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) from multivariable analysis. TSA was performed to control for random errors. Results A total of 20 studies with 2050 patients (ALDH1: 15 studies with 1557 patients and Nestin: 5 studies with 493 patients) were identified. ALDH1 (HR = 2.28, p < 0.001) and Nestin (HR = 2.39, p < 0.001) were associated with a worse OS, as confirmed by TSA. Nestin positivity was linked to a poor PFS (HR = 2.08, p < 0.001), but ALDH1 was not linked to DFS, RFS, MFS, or PFS, and TSA showed that more studies were needed. Subgroup analysis by tumor type indicated that ALDH1 positivity may be associated with shorter OS in breast, head and neck cancers, but there was no association with colorectal cancer. Subgroup analysis by study source showed that ALDH1 positivity was correlated with a worse OS for Japanese (HR = 1.94, p = 0.002) and European patients (HR = 4.15, p < 0.001), but there was no association for Chinese patients. Subgroup analysis by survival rate showed that ALDH1 positivity correlated with poor OS at ⩾ 5 years (HR = 2.33, p < 0.001) or 10 years (HR = 1.76, p = 0.038). Conclusions ALDH1 may be more valuable as an effective therapeutic target than Nestin for improving the long-term survival rate of advanced cancer. Additional prospective clinical trials are needed across different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Han
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Huang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyu Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjia Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunhe Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenggang Hou
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey K. Maiyoh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
- Johannesburg Institute for Advanced Study, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Vivian C. Tuei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
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25
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Qi F, Qin WX, Zang YS. Molecular mechanism of triple-negative breast cancer-associated BRCA1 and the identification of signaling pathways. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2905-2914. [PMID: 30854067 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAC1 has multiple important interactions with triple-negative breast cancer, the specific molecular characteristics of this interaction, however, have not yet been completely elucidated. By examining cell signaling pathways, important information for comprehending the potential mechanisms of this cancer may become known. The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of BRAC1 and to find the signaling pathway(s) involved in the pathogenic mechanism of triple-negative breast cancer. In this study, GSE27447 microarray data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from GSE27447 were distinguished by Significant Analysis of Microarray. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was carried out on 132 upregulated and 198 downregulated genes with DAVID. The signaling was forecast by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Transcription factors were recognized by TFatS. The BRAC1 relevant protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) were fixed by STRING and visualized by CytoScape. Overall, the upregulated DEGs, which included CR2, IGHM, PRKCB, CARD11, PLCG2, CD79A, IGKC and CD27, were primarily enriched in the terms associated with immune responses, and the downregulated DEGs, which included STARD3, ALDH8A1, SRD5A3, CACNA1H, UGT2B4, SDR16C5 and MED1, were primarily enriched in the hormone metabolic process. In addition, 13 pathways, such as the B-cell receptor-signaling pathway, the hormone synthesis signaling pathway and the oxytocin-signaling pathway, were chosen. MYC, SP1 and CTNNB1 were determined to be enriched in triple-negative breast cancer. A total of 8 genes were identified to be downregulated in the BRAC1-related PPI network. The results of the present study show a fresh angle on the molecular mechanism of triple-negative breast cancer and indicate a possible target for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qi
- Department of Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xing Qin
- Department of Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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26
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WANG W, DONG Z, ZHANG X, LI W, LI P, CHEN X. Dietary and the Risk of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer in China: A Case-control Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 47:1327-1335. [PMID: 30320007 PMCID: PMC6174056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-fat diets have been considered a risk factor for sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in Western countries. However, data for this phenomenon are lacking in China. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the association between diet and the risk for sporadic CRC in Shandong Province, China. METHODS In this case-control study, 317 patients with sporadic CRC and 317 controls were collected in Shandong Province, China. All the samples were collected on the basis of rigorous screening criteria. The data were analyzed using a χ2 test, univariate or multivariate conditional logistic regression, and stratified analysis. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression showed that the following are risk factors for sporadic CRC (all P<0.05): consumption of pork, fried food or barbecued meat; high Body Mass Index (BMI); alcohol abuse; psychosis; and the presence of a factory causing pollution near the home. Moreover, univariate analysis revealed the following qualities were also positively associated with CRC (all P<0.05): intake of animal oil, consuming brawn and kipper, smoking, exhibiting frequent anger, and poor sleep quality. Eating fresh fruit was inversely correlated with the incidence of CRC (P=0.012). Further stratified analysis demonstrated that BMI and the consumption of fried food, barbecued meat, or garlic were correlated with colon cancer. However, alcohol abuse and psychosis were related to an increased risk for rectal cancer. CONCLUSION Dietary factors are related to sporadic CRC in Shandong Province. Future interventions should focus on reducing the related risk factors while advocating for practice of the protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei WANG
- Humanistic Medicine Research Center, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhaogang DONG
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xin ZHANG
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei LI
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Peilong LI
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyang CHEN
- Humanistic Medicine Research Center, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China,Corresponding Author:
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27
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Jalal AH, Alam F, Roychoudhury S, Umasankar Y, Pala N, Bhansali S. Prospects and Challenges of Volatile Organic Compound Sensors in Human Healthcare. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1246-1263. [PMID: 29879839 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The chemical signatures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in humans can be utilized for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis. Apart from toxic exposure studies, VOCs generated in humans can provide insights into one's healthy and diseased metabolic states, acting as a biomarker for identifying numerous diseases noninvasively. VOC sensors and the technology of e-nose have received significant attention for continuous and selective monitoring of various physiological and pathophysiological conditions of an individual. Noninvasive detection of VOCs is achieved from biomatrices of breath, sweat and saliva. Among these, detection from sweat and saliva can be continuous in real-time. The sensing approaches include optical, chemiresistive and electrochemical techniques. This article provides an overview of such techniques. These, however, have limitations of reliability, precision, selectivity, and stability in continuous monitoring. Such limitations are due to lack of sensor stability and complexity of samples in a multivariate environment, which can lead to false readings. To overcome selectivity barriers, sensor arrays enabling multimodal sensing, have been used with pattern recognition techniques. Stability and precision issues have been addressed through advancements in nanotechnology. The use of various forms of nanomaterial not only enhance sensing performance, but also plays a major role in detection on a miniaturized scale. The rapid growth in medical Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence paves a pathway for improvements in human theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Jalal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| | - Fahmida Alam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| | - Sohini Roychoudhury
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| | - Yogeswaran Umasankar
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Nezih Pala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
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28
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Acetaldehyde-induced structural and conformational alterations in human immunoglobulin G: A physicochemical and multi-spectroscopic study. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:701-710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Yue X, Han Z, Zhang L, Li J, Gong X. Aberrant expression of ALDH1, MMP9, Integrin αvβ3, and KiSS-1 in invasive ductal carcinoma and their clinical significance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:3511-3522. [PMID: 31949729 PMCID: PMC6962838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1, a biomarker of cancer stem cells), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9, known as a matrilysin), Integrin αvβ3 (known as a biomarker of cell-matrix adhesion) and KiSS-1 (suppressor gene of tumor metastasis) are all related to cancer invasion and metastasis in many cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of ALDH1, MMP9, Integrin αvβ3, and KiSS-1 in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and their respective associations with clinical characteristics and survival in IDC. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of ALDH1, MMP9, Integrin αvβ3, and KiSS-1 in 227 whole IDC tissue specimens. Patients' clinical and demographic data were both collected. RESULTS The expression of ALDH1, MMP9, and Integrin αvβ3 were significantly higher in IDC tissues than in the control tissues. The positive expressions of ALDH1, MMP9, and Integrin αvβ3 were positively associated with tumor grades, lymph node metastasis (LNM), tumor stages, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages, and inversely with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Positive expression of KiSS-1 was negatively associated with tumor grades, LNM, tumor stages, and TNM stages, but positively with OS and RFS. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that the positive expression of ALDH1, MMP9, Integrin αvβ3, KiSS-1, ER, and HER-2, as well as TNM stages were independent prognostic factors for OS and RFS in IDC. CONCLUSIONS The expression of ALDH1, MMP9, Integrin αvβ3, and KiSS-11 should represent promising biomarkers in predicting metastasis and prognosis, as well as being potential therapeutic targets for IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicheng Yue
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Zhengquan Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Ligong Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
| | - Xiaomeng Gong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui, China
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30
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Yun X, Zhang K, Wang J, Pangeni RP, Yang L, Bonner M, Wu J, Wang J, Nardi IK, Gao M, Raz DJ. Targeting USP22 Suppresses Tumorigenicity and Enhances Cisplatin Sensitivity Through ALDH1A3 Downregulation in Cancer-Initiating Cells from Lung Adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1161-1171. [PMID: 29720480 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Loss of monoubiquitination of histone H2B (H2Bub1) was found to be associated with poor-differentiation and enhanced malignancy of lung adenocarcinoma. This study investigated the association and impact of the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22), an H2Bub1 deubiquitinase, on stem cell-like characteristics and cisplatin resistance in cancer-initiating cells (CIC) from primary lung adenocarcinoma. CICs were isolated, enriched, and characterized from patient-derived cancer tissues using both in vitro tumorsphere formation and in vivo xenograft assays. USP22 was determined to be predominantly expressed in CICs, a subpopulation of cells with high expression of the stem cell biomarkers, CD133 and CD44. The expression of USP22 in CICs is markedly reduced upon FBS/retinoic acid-induced differentiation. Moreover, knockdown of USP22 significantly suppressed tumorsphere formation and xenograft growth in NOD-SCID gamma (NSG) mice. Notably, USP22 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity were elevated in tumorsphere cells that survived cisplatin treatment, whereas knockdown of USP22 significantly sensitizes tumorsphere cells to cisplatin. Interestingly, ALDH1A3, a predominant ALDH isozyme implicated in enhancing cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma, is significantly downregulated upon knockdown of USP22 in tumorsphere cells. Furthermore, knockdown of ALDH1A3 significantly sensitizes tumorsphere cells to cisplatin. Combined, these data demonstrate that USP22, predominantly expressed in CD133+ CICs, plays a critical role in tumorigenicity and cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.Implications: Targeting USP22 represents a potential therapeutic approach to suppress CICs in lung adenocarcinoma partially through downregulation of ALDH1A3 expression. Mol Cancer Res; 16(7); 1161-71. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Yun
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Lu Yang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Melissa Bonner
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Jun Wu
- Division of Comparative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Jami Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Isaac K Nardi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Ming Gao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan J Raz
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.
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Gut microbiome of Moroccan colorectal cancer patients. Med Microbiol Immunol 2018; 207:211-225. [PMID: 29687353 PMCID: PMC6096775 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-018-0542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of death in Morocco, there are no studies of the microbiome changes associated with the disease in the Moroccan population. The aim of our study was to compare the stool microbiome of Moroccan cancer patients with healthy individuals. We analyzed the microbiome composition of samples from 11 CRC patients and 12 healthy individuals by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Principal coordinate analysis of samples revealed defined cancer versus healthy clusters. Our findings showed that cancer samples had higher proportions of Firmicutes (T = 50.5%; N = 28.4%; p = 0.04), specifically of Clostridia (T = 48.3%; N = 19.0%; p = 0.002), and Fusobacteria (T = 0.1%; N = 0.0%; p = 0.02), especially of Fusobacteriia (T = 0.1%; N = 0.0%; p = 0.02), while Bacteroidetes were enriched in healthy samples (T = 35.1%; N = 62.8%; p = 0.06), particularly the class Bacteroidia (T = 35.1%; N = 62.6%; p = 0.06). Porphyromonas, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Selenomonas, and Fusobacterium were significantly overrepresented in diseased patients, similarly to other studies. Predicted functional information showed that bacterial motility proteins, flagellar assembly, and fatty acid biosynthesis metabolism were significantly overrepresented in cancer patients, while amino acid metabolism and glycan biosynthesis were overrepresented in controls. This suggests that involvement of these functional metagenomes is similar and relevant in the carcinogenesis process, independent of the origin of the samples. Results from this study allowed identification of bacterial taxa relevant to the Moroccan population and encourages larger studies to facilitate population-directed therapeutic approaches.
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Shabtai Y, Fainsod A. Competition between ethanol clearance and retinoic acid biosynthesis in the induction of fetal alcohol syndrome. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:148-160. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2017-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several models have been proposed to explain the neurodevelopmental syndrome induced by exposure of human embryos to alcohol, which is known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). One of the proposed models suggests a competition for the enzymes required for the biosynthesis of retinoic acid. The outcome of such competition is development under conditions of reduced retinoic acid signaling. Retinoic acid is one of the biologically active metabolites of vitamin A (retinol), and regulates numerous embryonic and differentiation processes. The developmental malformations characteristic of FASD resemble those observed in vitamin A deficiency syndrome as well as from inhibition of retinoic acid biosynthesis or signaling in experimental models. There is extensive biochemical and enzymatic overlap between ethanol clearance and retinoic acid biosynthesis. Several lines of evidence suggest that in the embryo, the competition takes place between acetaldehyde and retinaldehyde for the aldehyde dehydrogenase activity available. In adults, this competition also extends to the alcohol dehydrogenase activity. Ethanol-induced developmental defects can be ameliorated by increasing the levels of retinol, retinaldehyde, or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase. Acetaldehyde inhibits the production of retinoic acid by retinaldehyde dehydrogenase, further supporting the competition model. All of the evidence supports the reduction of retinoic acid signaling as the etiological trigger in the induction of FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehuda Shabtai
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Abraham Fainsod
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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The alterations in alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities in the sera of patients with renal cell carcinoma. Adv Med Sci 2018; 63:1-4. [PMID: 28759873 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In a previous study we showed that the total activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and its isoenzyme class I was significantly higher in renal cancer (RCC) cells compared to normal kidney. The aim of this study was to compare the activities of ADH isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in the sera of patients with different stages of RCC and healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum samples were taken from 54 patients with clear cell RCC (17 patients in stage II, 22 in stage III and 15 in stage IV) and 52 healthy patients. Class III, IV of ADH and the total ADH activity was measured by the photometric method. For the measurement of ADH class I, II and the total ALDH activity we employed the fluorometric method. RESULTS The total activity of ADH and its isoenzyme class I were significantly higher in the sera of patients with every stage of RCC compared to healthy subjects. The analysis of ALDH activity did not indicate significant differences between tested groups. CONCLUSIONS The increased activity of total ADH and its isoenzyme class I in the sera of patients with RCC, seems to be caused by isoenzymes being released from cancerous cells and may be useful for diagnostics of renal cancer.
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Acetaldehyde inhibits retinoic acid biosynthesis to mediate alcohol teratogenicity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:347. [PMID: 29321611 PMCID: PMC5762763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy induces Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), which has been proposed to arise from competitive inhibition of retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis. We provide biochemical and developmental evidence identifying acetaldehyde as responsible for this inhibition. In the embryo, RA production by RALDH2 (ALDH1A2), the main retinaldehyde dehydrogenase expressed at that stage, is inhibited by ethanol exposure. Pharmacological inhibition of the embryonic alcohol dehydrogenase activity, prevents the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde that in turn functions as a RALDH2 inhibitor. Acetaldehyde-mediated reduction of RA can be rescued by RALDH2 or retinaldehyde supplementation. Enzymatic kinetic analysis of human RALDH2 shows a preference for acetaldehyde as a substrate over retinaldehyde. RA production by hRALDH2 is efficiently inhibited by acetaldehyde but not by ethanol itself. We conclude that acetaldehyde is the teratogenic derivative of ethanol responsible for the reduction in RA signaling and induction of the developmental malformations characteristic of FASD. This competitive mechanism will affect tissues requiring RA signaling when exposed to ethanol throughout life.
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Monasta L, Pierobon C, Princivalle A, Martelossi S, Marcuzzi A, Pasini F, Perbellini L. Inflammatory bowel disease and patterns of volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of children: A case-control study using Ion Molecule Reaction-Mass Spectrometry. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184118. [PMID: 28859138 PMCID: PMC5578606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) profoundly affect quality of life and have been gradually increasing in incidence, prevalence and severity in many areas of the world, and in children in particular. Patients with suspected IBD require careful history and clinical examination, while definitive diagnosis relies on endoscopic and histological findings. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the alveolar air of pediatric patients with IBD presents a specific volatile organic compounds’ (VOCs) pattern when compared to controls. Patients 10–17 years of age, were divided into four groups: Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), controls with gastrointestinal symptomatology, and surgical controls with no evidence of gastrointestinal problems. Alveolar breath was analyzed by ion molecule reaction mass spectrometry. Four models were built starting from 81 molecules plus the age of subjects as independent variables, adopting a penalizing LASSO logistic regression approach: 1) IBDs vs. controls, finally based on 18 VOCs plus age (sensitivity = 95%, specificity = 69%, AUC = 0.925); 2) CD vs. UC, finally based on 13 VOCs plus age (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 76%, AUC = 0.934); 3) IBDs vs. gastroenterological controls, finally based on 15 VOCs plus age (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 65%, AUC = 0.918); 4) IBDs vs. controls, built starting from the 21 directly or indirectly calibrated molecules only, and finally based on 12 VOCs plus age (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 71%, AUC = 0.888). The molecules identified by the models were carefully studied in relation to the concerned outcomes. This study, with the creation of models based on VOCs profiles, precise instrumentation and advanced statistical methods, can contribute to the development of new non–invasive, fast and relatively inexpensive diagnostic tools, with high sensitivity and specificity. It also represents a crucial step towards gaining further insights on the etiology of IBD through the analysis of specific molecules which are the expression of the particular metabolism that characterizes these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Chiara Pierobon
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Princivalle
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Martelossi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasini
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Perbellini
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Rattray NJW, Charkoftaki G, Rattray Z, Hansen JE, Vasiliou V, Johnson CH. Environmental influences in the etiology of colorectal cancer: the premise of metabolomics. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 3:114-125. [PMID: 28642837 PMCID: PMC5475285 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-017-0088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review we discuss how environmental exposures predominate the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC). With CRC being a personalized disease influenced by genes and environment, our goal was to explore the role metabolomics can play in identifying exposures, assessing the interplay between co-exposures, and the development of personalized therapeutic interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Approximately 10 % of CRC cases can be explained by germ-line mutations, whereas the prevailing majority are caused by an initiating exposure event occurring decades prior to diagnosis. Recent research has shown that dietary metabolites are linked to a procarcinogenic or protective environment in the colon which is modulated by the microbiome. In addition, excessive alcohol has been shown to increase the risk of CRC and is dependent on diet (folate), the response of microbiome, and genetic polymorphisms within the folate and alcohol metabolic pathways. Metabolomics can not only be used to identify this modulation of host metabolism, which could affect the progression of the tumors but also response to targeted therapeutics. SUMMARY This review highlights the current understanding of the multifaceted etiology and mechanisms of CRC development but also highlights where the field of metabolomics can contribute to a greater understanding of environmental exposure in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. W. Rattray
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Yale University, CT, USA 06520
| | - James E. Hansen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Yale University, CT, USA 06520
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 06520
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Caroline H. Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
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Zhu B, Zhou L, Yu L, Wu S, Song W, Gong X, Wang D. Evaluation of the correlation of vasculogenic mimicry, ALDH1, KAI1 and microvessel density in the prediction of metastasis and prognosis in colorectal carcinoma. BMC Surg 2017; 17:47. [PMID: 28431527 PMCID: PMC5399824 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-017-0246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis and recurrence are the most common reasons for treatment failure of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Vasculogenic mimicry (VM, blood supply formation often seen in highly aggressive tumors), Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1, a biomarker of cancer stem cells), KAI1 (a suppressor gene of tumor metastasis) are all valuable factors for metastasis and prognosis in diverse human cancers. However, the correlation of VM, ALDH1, KAI1 and microvessel density (MVD) in CRC is unclear. In this study, we analyzed the correlations among VM, ALDH1, KAI1 and MVD, as well as their respective correlations with clinicopathological parameters and survival in CRC. Methods The level of VM, ALDH1, KAI1 and MVD in 204 whole tissue samples of CRC were examined by immunhistochemistry. Clinical data was also collected. Results Levels of VM, ALDH1 and MVD were significantly higher, and levels of KAI1 significantly lower, in CRC tissues than in normal colorectal tissues. Levels of VM, ALDH1 and MVD were positively associated with invasion of depth, lymph node metastasis (LNM), distant metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages, and negatively with patients’ overall survival (OS). Levels of KAI1 was negatively correlated with invasion of depth, LNM, distant metastasis and TNM stages, and the KAI1 positive expression subgroup had significantly longer OS than did the KAI1- subgroup. In multivariate analysis, high levels of VM, ALDH1 and KAI1, as well as TNM stages were independently correlated with lower OS in patients with CRC. Conclusions VM, MVD and the expression of ALDH1 and KAI1 may represent promising metastatic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Wenqing Song
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaomeng Gong
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Danna Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
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Müller MF, Zhou Y, Adams DJ, Arends MJ. Effects of long-term ethanol consumption and Aldh1b1 depletion on intestinal tumourigenesis in mice. J Pathol 2017; 241:649-660. [PMID: 28026023 DOI: 10.1002/path.4869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde have been classified as carcinogens for the upper aerodigestive tract, liver, breast, and colorectum. Whereas mechanisms related to oxidative stress and Cyp2e1 induction seem to prevail in the liver, and acetaldehyde has been proposed to play a crucial role in the upper aerodigestive tract, pathological mechanisms in the colorectum have not yet been clarified. Moreover, all evidence for a pro-carcinogenic role of ethanol in colorectal cancer is derived from correlations observed in epidemiological studies or from rodent studies with additional carcinogen application or tumour suppressor gene inactivation. In the current study, wild-type mice and mice with depletion of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1b1 (Aldh1b1), an enzyme which has been proposed to play an important role in acetaldehyde detoxification in the intestines, received ethanol in drinking water for 1 year. Long-term ethanol consumption led to intestinal tumour development in wild-type and Aldh1b1-depleted mice, but no intestinal tumours were observed in water-treated controls. Moreover, a significant increase in DNA damage was detected in the large intestinal epithelium of ethanol-treated mice of both genotypes compared with the respective water-treated groups, along with increased proliferation of the small and large intestinal epithelium. Aldh1b1 depletion led to increased plasma acetaldehyde levels in ethanol-treated mice, to a significant aggravation of ethanol-induced intestinal hyperproliferation, and to more advanced features of intestinal tumours, but it did not affect intestinal tumour incidence. These data indicate that ethanol consumption can initiate intestinal tumourigenesis without any additional carcinogen treatment or tumour suppressor gene inactivation, and we provide evidence for a role of Aldh1b1 in protection of the intestines from ethanol-induced damage, as well as for both carcinogenic and tumour-promoting functions of acetaldehyde, including increased progression of ethanol-induced tumours. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike F Müller
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Pathology, Centre for Comparative Pathology, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Ying Zhou
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Pathology, Centre for Comparative Pathology, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - David J Adams
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark J Arends
- University of Edinburgh, Division of Pathology, Centre for Comparative Pathology, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
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Mizukami T, Yokoyama A, Yokoyama T, Onuki S, Maruyama K. Screening by Total Colonoscopy Following Fecal Immunochemical Tests and Determinants of Colorectal Neoplasia in Japanese Men With Alcohol Dependence. Alcohol Alcohol 2017; 52:131-137. [PMID: 28182201 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agw071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Alcohol consumption increases the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a widely used screening method for detecting colorectal neoplasia. We evaluated the results of screening and risk factors for colorectal neoplasia in individuals with alcohol dependence. Methods Total colonoscopic screening was performed for 1006 Japanese men with alcohol dependence (462 FIT-positive and 544 FIT-negative). Advanced neoplasia was defined as neoplasia ≥10 mm, villous or tubulovillous adenoma, high-grade adenoma, or carcinoma. Results The detection rates for non-advanced adenoma, advanced neoplasia and intramucosal or invasive carcinoma were 38.7%, 39.4% and 9.7% for the FIT-positive group, and 33.3%, 10.8% and 2.2% for the FIT-negative group, respectively. Advanced neoplasia, especially carcinoma, was detected more frequently in the distal colon than in the proximal colon in the FIT-positive group. The respective multivariate odds ratios (ORs; 95% confidence interval) for non-advanced adenoma and advanced neoplasia were 2.83 (2.06–3.88) and 9.13 (6.19–13.5) for a positive FIT (vs. negative), 1.68 (1.39–2.02) and 1.83 (1.45–2.30) for age (per +10 years), 1.54 (1.06–2.23) and 1.88 (1.17–3.03) for current smoking (vs. non-smokers), and 1.35 (0.96–1.92) and 1.59 (1.02–2.48) for the presence of marked macrocytosis (mean corpuscular volume ≥106 fl vs. <106 fl). Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 did not affect the risk of colorectal neoplasia. Conclusion The detection rate for advanced colorectal neoplasia was extremely high in the FIT-positive group but remained high even in the FIT-negative group. An older age, smoking and macrocytosis were predictors of advanced colorectal neoplasia. Short summary Total colonoscopic screening was performed for 1006 Japanese alcoholic men (462 fecal immunochemical test [FIT]-positive and 544 FIT-negative). The detection rate for advanced colorectal neoplasia was extremely high in the FIT-positive group (39.4%) and high in the FIT-negative group (10.8%). Ageing, smoking and macrocytosis were predictors of advanced colorectal neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Mizukami
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoyama
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Saitama 351-0197, Japan
| | - Shuka Onuki
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
| | - Katsuya Maruyama
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, 5-3-1 Nobi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0841, Japan
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Zhou L, Yu L, Zhu B, Wu S, Song W, Gong X, Wang D. Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 are metastatic and prognostic biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:876. [PMID: 27832750 PMCID: PMC5105308 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2903-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor recurrence and metastasis are the most common reason for treatment failure. Metastasis-associate in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) has been identified as a metastatic and prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer and other solid tumors. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), a marker of cancer stem cells, is also associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in many tumors. However, the prognostic value of either MACC1 or ALDH1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. In this study, we explored the relationship between MACC1 and ALDH1 expression, as well as their respective associations with clinicopathological features, to determine if either could be useful for improvement of survival prognosis in NSCLC. Methods The expression levels of both MACC1 and ALDH1 in 240 whole tissue sections of NSCLC were examined by immunohistochemistry. Clinical data were also collected. Results MACC1 and ALDH1 were significantly overexpressed in NSCLC tissues when compared to levels in normal lung tissues. Investigation of associations between MACC1 or ALDH1 protein levels with clinicopathological parameters of NSCLC revealed correlations between the expression of each with tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, and tumor node metastasis. The overall survival of patients with MACC1- or ALDH1-positive NSCLC tumors was significantly lower than that of those who were negative. Importantly, multivariate analysis suggested that positive expression of either MACC1 or ALDH1, as well as TNM stage, could be independent prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with NSCLC. Conclusions MACC1 and ALDH1 may represent promising metastatic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets, for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Pathology the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233003, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Pathology the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233003, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Pathology the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233003, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233003, China.
| | - Wenqing Song
- Department of Pathology the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233003, China
| | - Xiaomeng Gong
- Department of Pathology the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233003, China
| | - Danna Wang
- Department of Pathology the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233003, China
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Zhuo X, Song J, Liao J, Zhou W, Ye H, Li Q, Xiang Z, Zhang X. Does CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphism confer head and neck carcinoma susceptibility?: A meta-analysis based on 43 studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5156. [PMID: 27787372 PMCID: PMC5089101 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous reports showed that CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphism may be a risk factor for cancers. Published meta-analyses in 2010 and 2011, respectively, on the relationship of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphisms with the susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma (HNC) have generated inconsistent results. Thus, this study aimed to conduct an updated meta-analysis involving published studies up to Nov 2015 to get a more confidential result. METHODS Eligible studies up to Nov 2015 were retrieved and screened. Data were extracted and a quantitative meta-analysis was conducted. Subgroup analyses on ethnicity, source of controls, sample size, genotyping method, smoking status, and drinking status were also performed. RESULTS Forty-one publications including a total of 43 case-control studies were selected for analysis. The overall data under a homozygote comparison model indicated a significant association of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphisms with HNC risk (c2c2 vs c1c1: odds ratio [OR] = 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.53-2.53). Similar results were observed in the Asian subgroup (c2c2 vs c1c1: OR = 1.98; 95%CI = 1.51-2.60; c2 vs c1: OR = 1.20; 95%CI = 1.03-1.39) and mixed population (c2 vs c1: OR = 1.41; 95%CI = 1.06-1.86) when the data were stratified by ethnicities. Interestingly, increased cancer risk only was shown among never-smokers (c2c2+c1c2 vs c1c1: OR = 1.44; 95%CI = 1.05-1.98) but not ever-smokers. CONCLUSION CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI polymorphisms may modify the susceptibility to HNC, particularly among Asians, mixed population, and never-smokers. Future large and well-designed studies are needed to verify this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlu Zhuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
- Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Station, Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence: Xianlu Zhuo and Xueyuan Zhang, Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (e-mails: [Xianlu Zhuo]; [Xueyuan Zhang])
| | - Jue Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang
| | - Jian Liao
- Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang
| | - Wei Zhou
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Station, Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Huiping Ye
- Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
| | - Zhaolan Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
| | - Xueyuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
- Correspondence: Xianlu Zhuo and Xueyuan Zhang, Department of Otolaryngology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (e-mails: [Xianlu Zhuo]; [Xueyuan Zhang])
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Park S, Cheng SL, Cui JY. Characterizing drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters that are bona fide CAR-target genes in mouse intestine. Acta Pharm Sin B 2016; 6:475-491. [PMID: 27709017 PMCID: PMC5045557 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestine is responsible for the biotransformation of many orally-exposed chemicals. The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR/Nr1i3) is known to up-regulate many genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters (drug-processing genes/DPGs) in liver, but less is known regarding its effect in intestine. Sixty-day-old wild-type and Car−/− mice were administered the CAR-ligand TCPOBOP or vehicle once daily for 4 days. In wild-type mice, Car mRNA was down-regulated by TCPOBOP in liver and duodenum. Car−/− mice had altered basal intestinal expression of many DPGs in a section-specific manner. Consistent with the liver data (Aleksunes and Klaassen, 2012), TCPOBOP up-regulated many DPGs (Cyp2b10, Cyp3a11, Aldh1a1, Aldh1a7, Gsta1, Gsta4, Gstm1-m4, Gstt1, Ugt1a1, Ugt2b34, Ugt2b36, and Mrp2–4) in specific sections of small intestine in a CAR-dependent manner. However, the mRNAs of Nqo1 and Papss2 were previously known to be up-regulated by TCPOBOP in liver but were not altered in intestine. Interestingly, many known CAR-target genes were highest expressed in colon where CAR is minimally expressed, suggesting that additional regulators are involved in regulating their expression. In conclusion, CAR regulates the basal expression of many DPGs in intestine, and although many hepatic CAR-targeted DPGs were bona fide CAR-targets in intestine, pharmacological activation of CAR in liver and intestine are not identical.
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Key Words
- Aldh, aldehyde dehydrogenase
- Asbt, solute carrier family 10, member 2 (apical sodium/bile acid cotransporter)
- CAR
- CAR, constitutive androstane receptor
- CITCO, 6-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazo [2,1-b](1,3)thiazole-5-carbaldehyde O-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxime
- Cq, quantification cycle
- Cyp, cytochrome P450
- DPGs, drug-processing genes (genes that encodes drug metabolizing enzymes or transporters)
- Drug-metabolizing enzymes
- Drug-processing genes
- Gst, glutathione S-trasnferase
- H3, Histone 3
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- Intestine
- Mice
- Mrp, multi-drug resistance-associated protein (ABC transporter family C member)
- Nqo1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1
- Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
- Oatp, organic anion transporting polypeptide (solute carrier organic anion transporter family member)
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PBST, phosphate-buffered saline with 0.05% tween 20
- PPARα, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha
- PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride
- Papss2, 3ʹ-phosphoadenosine 5ʹ-phosphosulfate synthase 2
- ST buffer, sucrose Tris buffer
- Sult, sulfotransferase
- TCPOBOP, 3,3ʹ,5,5ʹ-tetrachloro-1,4-bis(pyridyloxy)benzene
- Transporters
- Ugt, UDP glucuronosyltransferase
- WT, wild-type
- cDNA, complementary DNA
- ddCq, delta delta Cq
- hCAR, human constitutive androstane receptor
- qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction
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Duan JJ, Cai J, Guo YF, Bian XW, Yu SC. ALDH1A3, a metabolic target for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:965-75. [PMID: 26991532 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism reprogramming has been linked with the initiation, metastasis, and recurrence of cancer. The aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family is the most important enzyme system for aldehyde metabolism. The human ALDH family is composed of 19 members. ALDH1A3 participates in various physiological processes in human cells by oxidizing all-trans-retinal to retinoic acid. ALDH1A3 expression is regulated by many factors, and it is associated with the development, progression, and prognosis of cancers. In addition, ALDH1A3 influences a diverse range of biological characteristics within cancer stem cells and can act as a marker for these cells. Thus, growing evidence indicates that ALDH1A3 has the potential to be used as a target for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Jie Duan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiao Cai
- Battalion 7 of Cadet Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu-Feng Guo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shi-Cang Yu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
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Xu Y, Lee J, Lü ZR, Mu H, Zhang Q, Park YD. Integration of Inhibition Kinetics and Molecular Dynamics Simulations: A Urea-Mediated Folding Study on Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 1. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:1101-14. [PMID: 27000059 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) folding is important because this enzyme is directly involved in several types of cancers and other diseases. We investigated the urea-mediated unfolding of ALDH1 by integrating kinetic inhibition studies with computational molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Conformational changes in the enzyme structure were also analyzed using intrinsic and 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (ANS)-binding fluorescence measurements. Kinetic studies revealed that the direct binding of urea to ALDH1 induces inactivation of ALDH1 in a manner of mixed-type inhibition. Tertiary structural changes associated with regional hydrophobic exposure of the active site were observed. The urea binding regions on ALDH1 were predicted by docking simulations and were partly shared with active site residues of ALDH1 and with interface residues of the oligomerization domain for tetramer formation. The docking results suggest that urea prevents formation of the ALDH1 normal shape for the tetramer state as well as entrance of the substrate into the active site. Our study provides insight into the structural changes that accompany urea-mediated unfolding of ALDH1 and the catalytic role associated with conformational changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, 314006, People's Republic of China.,School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuan Dong Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Korean Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea.,Department of Nanobiotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Sciences and Technology, Daejeon, 305-350, South Korea
| | - Zhi-Rong Lü
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, 314006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Mu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, 314006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuan Dong Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Doo Park
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, 314006, People's Republic of China. .,College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China.
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Kaminagakura E, Caris A, Coutinho-Camillo C, Soares FA, Takahama-Júnior A, Kowalski LP. Protein expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, ALDH1A1, and ALDH2 in young patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:706-12. [PMID: 26944893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of the enzymes involved in the biotransformation of tobacco and alcohol. A study group of 41 young patients (≤40 years old) with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was compared to 59 control subjects (≥50 years old) with tumours of similar clinical stages and topographies. The immunohistochemical expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, ALDH1A1, and ALDH2 was evaluated using the tissue microarray technique. There was a predominance of males, smokers, and alcohol drinkers in both groups. Most tumours were located in the tongue (43.9% vs. 50.8%), were well-differentiated (63.4% vs. 56.6%), and were in clinical stages III or IV (80.5% vs. 78.0%). No difference was observed in the expression of CYP1A1, ALDH1A1, or ALDH2 between the two groups. CYP1A1 and ALDH2 protein expression had no influence on the prognosis. The immunoexpression of CYP1B1 was significantly higher in the control group than in the young group (P<0.001). The 5-year relapse-free survival was better in patients with CYP1B1 overexpression vs. protein underexpression (64% vs. 25%; P<0.05), regardless of age. ALDH1A1 expression improved relapse-free survival in young patients. These results suggest a lower risk of recurrence with increased metabolism of carcinogens by CYP1B1. Further studies involving other genes and proteins are necessary to complement the results of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kaminagakura
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A Caris
- Biopathology Program, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Coutinho-Camillo
- International Research Centre, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F A Soares
- Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Takahama-Júnior
- Department of Specific Formation, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil
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46
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Li R, Zhao Z, Sun M, Luo J, Xiao Y. ALDH2 gene polymorphism in different types of cancers and its clinical significance. Life Sci 2016; 147:59-66. [PMID: 26804999 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), an important mitochondrial enzyme governing ethanol metabolism, displays polymorphism in human. Recent evidence suggested that genetic polymorphism in ALDH2 gene may be significantly correlated with the susceptibility to cancer, such as colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, and liver cancer. To investigate the correlation between ALDH2 mutant gene and the risk of a certain cancer, many studies have been done by testing the ALDH2 genotype in patients with cancers. Here, we summarized 84 ALDH2 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in human cancer, which focus primarily on the rs671 SNP site. As a novel biological marker, ALDH2 displays a very attractive prospect in the screening, diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis of many diseases. Moreover, much attention has been attracted to the studies of the biological functions and potential value of ALDH2 in the human cancer treatment. This review will provide an overview about the clinical prospects of ALDH2 based on the available information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Radiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiachi Luo
- College of Letters and Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yechen Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Seino S, Shigeishi H, Hashikata M, Higashikawa K, Tobiume K, Uetsuki R, Ishida Y, Sasaki K, Naruse T, Rahman MZ, Ono S, Simasue H, Ohta K, Sugiyama M, Takechi M. CD44high
/ALDH1high
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells exhibit mesenchymal characteristics and GSK3β-dependent cancer stem cell properties. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 45:180-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Seino
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Hideo Shigeishi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Miho Hashikata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Koichiro Higashikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kei Tobiume
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Ryo Uetsuki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Takako Naruse
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Mohammad Zeshaan Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Shigehiro Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Hiroshi Simasue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kouji Ohta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Masaru Sugiyama
- Department of Public Oral Health; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Masaaki Takechi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences; Hiroshima University; Hiroshima Japan
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Hayes AJ, Skouras C, Haugk B, Charnley RM. Keap1-Nrf2 signalling in pancreatic cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 65:288-99. [PMID: 26117456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2, also called Nfe2l2), a master regulator of redox homeostasis, and its dominant negative regulator, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), together tightly control the expression of numerous detoxifying and antioxidant genes. Nrf2 and the 'antioxidant response element' (ARE)-driven genes it controls are frequently upregulated in pancreatic cancer and correlate with poor survival. Upregulation of Nrf2 is, at least in part, K-Ras oncogene-driven and contributes to pancreatic cancer proliferation and chemoresistance. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of Keap1-Nrf2 signalling as it relates to pancreatic cancer, discussing the effects of inhibiting Nrf2 or Nrf2/ARE effector proteins to increase chemosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair J Hayes
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Centre, Room C2.18, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Christos Skouras
- School of Clinical Surgery, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Room SU 305, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4SB, United Kingdom.
| | - Beate Haugk
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, England NE1 4LP, United Kingdom.
| | - Richard M Charnley
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, England NE7 7DN, United Kingdom.
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49
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ALDH1B1 links alcohol consumption and diabetes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:768-773. [PMID: 26086111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 (ALDH1B1) is a mitochondrial enzyme sharing 65% and 72% sequence identity with ALDH1A1 and ALDH2 proteins, respectively. Compared to the latter two ALDH isozymes, little is known about the physiological functions of ALDH1B1. Studies in humans indicate that ALDH1B1 may be associated with alcohol sensitivity and stem cells. Our recent in vitro studies using human ALDH1B1 showed that it metabolizes acetaldehyde and retinaldehyde. To investigate the in vivo role of ALDH1B1, we generated and characterized a global Aldh1b1 knockout mouse line. These knockout (KO) mice are fertile and show overtly good health. However, ethanol pharmacokinetic analysis revealed ∼40% increase in blood acetaldehyde levels in KO mice. Interestingly, the KO mice exhibited higher fasting blood glucose levels. Collectively, we show for the first time the functional in vivo role of ALDH1B1 in acetaldehyde metabolism and in maintaining glucose homeostasis. This mouse model is a valuable tool to investigate the mechanism by which alcohol may promote the development of diabetes.
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50
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Chen J, Xia Q, Jiang B, Chang W, Yuan W, Ma Z, Liu Z, Shu X. Prognostic Value of Cancer Stem Cell Marker ALDH1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145164. [PMID: 26682730 PMCID: PMC4686173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have indicated the prognostic and clinicopathological value of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients still remains controversial. Thus we performed this study to clarify the relationship between high ALDH1 expression in CRC and its impact on survival and clinicopathological features. METHODS Publications for relevant studies in Pubmed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) through April 2015 were identified. Only articles describing ALDH1 antigen with immunohistochemistry in CRC were included. The software RevMan 5.1 was used to analyze the outcomes, including 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and clinicopathological features. RESULTS 9 studies with 1203 patients satisfying the criteria were included. The overall rate of high ALDH1 expression was 46.5% by immunohistochemical staining. High ALDH1 expression as an independent prognostic factor was significantly associated with the 5-year OS and DFS (OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.26-0.68, P = 0.0004; OR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.24-0.59, P < 0.0001, respectively). High ALDH1 expression was highly correlated with the tumor (T) stage (T3 + T4 vs. T1 + T2; OR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.09-4.28, P = 0.03), lymph node (N) stage (N1 + N2 vs. N0; OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.17-2.79, P = 0.008), and tumor differentiation (G3 vs. G1 + G2; OR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.07-3.30, P = 0.03). However, high ALDH1 expression was not significantly correlated with the patient age (>60 years old vs. <60 years old; OR = 1.11, 95%CI: 0.63-1.94, P = 0.72). CONCLUSIONS High ALDH1 expression indicates a poor prognosis in CRC patients. Moreover, high ALDH1 expression correlates with the T stage, N stage, and tumor differentiation, but not with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghua Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weilong Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzheng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijun Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaogang Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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