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von Haxthausen F, Böttger S, Wulff D, Hagenah J, García-Vázquez V, Ipsen S. Medical Robotics for Ultrasound Imaging: Current Systems and Future Trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:55-71. [PMID: 34977593 PMCID: PMC7898497 DOI: 10.1007/s43154-020-00037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review provides an overview of the most recent robotic ultrasound systems that have contemporary emerged over the past five years, highlighting their status and future directions. The systems are categorized based on their level of robot autonomy (LORA).
Recent Findings
Teleoperating systems show the highest level of technical maturity. Collaborative assisting and autonomous systems are still in the research phase, with a focus on ultrasound image processing and force adaptation strategies. However, missing key factors are clinical studies and appropriate safety strategies. Future research will likely focus on artificial intelligence and virtual/augmented reality to improve image understanding and ergonomics.
Summary
A review on robotic ultrasound systems is presented in which first technical specifications are outlined. Hereafter, the literature of the past five years is subdivided into teleoperation, collaborative assistance, or autonomous systems based on LORA. Finally, future trends for robotic ultrasound systems are reviewed with a focus on artificial intelligence and virtual/augmented reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix von Haxthausen
- Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sven Böttger
- Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Daniel Wulff
- Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jannis Hagenah
- Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Verónica García-Vázquez
- Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Svenja Ipsen
- Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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