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Chien YL, Tseng YL, Tsai WC, Chiu YN. Assessing Frontal Lobe Function on Verbal Fluency and Emotion Recall in Autism Spectrum Disorder by fNIRS. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06306-5. [PMID: 38635133 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study applied the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate frontal activity in autism when performing verbal fluency test and emotion recall task. We recruited 32 autistic adults without intellectual disability and 30 typically-developing controls (TDC). Prefrontal hemodynamic changes were evaluated by fNIRS when the participants performed the verbal fluency test and emotion recall task. fNIRS signals in the prefrontal cortex were compared between autism and TDC. Compared to TDC, autistic adults showed comparable performance on the verbal fluency test but exhibited lower frontal activity on the vegetable category. In the verbal fluency test, left frontal activity in TDC significantly increased in the vegetable category (vs. fruit category). In the emotion recall task, left frontal activity increased significantly in TDC when recalling emotional (vs. neutral) events. This increase of left frontal activity on the more difficult works was not found in autism. Similarly, brain activities were related to test performance only in TDC but not in autism. In addition, more severe social deficits were associated with lower frontal activity when recalling emotional events, independent of autism diagnosis. Findings suggested reduced frontal activity in autism, as compared to TDC, when performing verbal fluency tests. The reduction of left frontal activation in verbal fluency test and emotion recall tasks might reflect on the social deficits of the individual. The fNIRS may potentially be applied in assessing frontal lobe function in autism and social deficits in general population. Trial registration number: NCT04010409.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, No.7. Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Li Tseng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Che Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nan Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, No.7. Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yankouskaya A, Sui J. Self-Positivity or Self-Negativity as a Function of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020264. [PMID: 33669682 PMCID: PMC7922957 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Self and emotions are key motivational factors of a person strivings for health and well-being. Understanding neural mechanisms supporting the relationship between these factors bear far-reaching implications for mental health disorders. Recent work indicates a substantial overlap between self-relevant and emotion information processing and has proposed the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) as one shared neural signature. However, the precise cognitive and neural mechanisms represented by the MPFC in investigations of self- and emotion-related processing are largely unknown. Here we examined whether the neural underpinnings of self-related processing in the MPFC link to positive or negative emotions. We collected fMRI data to test the distinct and shared neural circuits of self- and emotion-related processing while participants performed personal (self, friend, or stranger) and emotion (happy, sad, or neutral) associative matching tasks. By exploiting tight control over the factors that determine the effects of self-relevance and emotions (positive: Happy vs. neutral; negative: Sad vs. neutral), our univariate analysis revealed that the ventral part of the MPFC (vmPFC), which has established involvement in self-prioritisation effects, was not recruited in the negative emotion prioritisation effect. In contrast, there were no differences in brain activity between the effects of positive emotion- and self-prioritisation. These results were replicated by both region of interest (ROI)-based analysis in the vmPFC and the seed- to voxel functional connectivity analysis between the MPFC and the rest of the brain. The results suggest that the prioritisation effects for self and positive emotions are tightly linked together, and the MPFC plays a large role in discriminating between positive and negative emotions in relation to self-relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Yankouskaya
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Jie Sui
- The School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK;
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Sugi M, Sakuraba S, Saito H, Miyazaki M, Yoshida S, Kamada T, Sakai S, Sawamura D. Personality Traits Modulate the Impact of Emotional Stimuli During a Working Memory Task: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:514414. [PMID: 33093826 PMCID: PMC7528631 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.514414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of personality traits on the impact of emotional stimuli focusing on n-back task performance and brain activity changes. Previous neuroimaging studies have reported that individual differences in emotional processing can be attributed to personality traits, which is linked to the hemisphere-specific activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in response to emotional stimuli. Thirty right-handed healthy young male participants were recruited in this study and classified into two groups, the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) group and behavioral activation system (BAS) group, based on their scores on the BIS/BAS scale. Participants saw six emotional images (two each with negative, neutral, and positive valence), which were selected from the International Affective Picture System and validated in a preliminary experiment. Then, a dual 2-back task that simultaneously employed auditory-verbal and visuospatial stimuli was conducted. Additionally, the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) changes in the DLPFC was measured during the image presentation and dual 2-back task by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The task performance showed a significantly increased reaction time (RT) in the negative valence independent of personality traits. The results of Oxy-Hb changes showed a significant interaction between personality traits and emotional valence. Further, the hemisphere-subgroup analysis revealed that the right DLPFC activity was significantly higher in the negative valence than in the neutral valence in the BIS group; the right DLPFC activity was also significantly higher in the BIS group than in the BAS group in the positive valence. There was no main effect or interaction in the left DLPFC activity. These findings suggest the importance of considering personality traits when examining the impact of emotional stimuli. Further studies with large sample sizes warranted to examine the influence emotional stimuli exert on working memory performance, considering the personality traits to better understand individual differences in emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Sugi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokeidai Memorial Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakuraba
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hirotada Saito
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokeidai Memorial Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Miyazaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Susumu Yoshida
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Kamada
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shinya Sakai
- Department of Functioning and Disability, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sawamura
- Department of Functioning and Disability, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Guo S, Lu J, Wang Y, Li Y, Huang B, Zhang Y, Gong W, Yao D, Yuan Y, Xia Y. Sad Music Modulates Pain Perception: An EEG Study. J Pain Res 2020; 13:2003-2012. [PMID: 32848448 PMCID: PMC7429222 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s264188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Music has shown positive effects on pain management in previous studies. However, the relationship between musical emotional types and therapeutic effects remains unclear. To investigate this issue, this study tested three typical emotional types of music and discussed their neural mechanisms in relation to pain modulation. Subjects and Methods In this experiment, 40 participants were exposed to cold pain under four conditions: listening to happy music, listening to neutral music, listening to sad music and no sound. EEG and pain thresholds were recorded. The participants were divided into the remission group and the nonremission group for analysis. Differences among conditions were quantified by the duration of exposure to the pain-inducing stimulus in the remission group. EEG data were obtained using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) and then correlated with the behavioral data. Results We found that sad music had a significantly better effect on alleviating pain, as a result of brain oscillations in a higher beta band and the gamma band at the O2 and P4 electrodes. The comparison between the remission group and the nonremission group suggested that personality may affect music-induced analgesia, and dominance, liveliness and introvert and extrovert personality traits were associated with pain modulation by sad music. Additionally, in the network analysis, we compared brain networks under the three conditions and discussed the possible mechanisms underlying the better analgesic effect of sad music. Conclusion Sad music may have a better effect on alleviating pain, and its neural mechanisms are also discussed. This work may help understand the effects of music on pain modulation, which also has potential value for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Guo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of NeuroInformation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU035, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufang Wang
- Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Binxin Huang
- Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Gong
- Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of NeuroInformation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU035, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Yuan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xia
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of NeuroInformation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU035, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Fogazzi DV, Neary JP, Sonza A, Reppold CT, Kaiser V, Scassola CM, Casali KR, Rasia-Filho AA. The prefrontal cortex conscious and unconscious response to social/emotional facial expressions involve sex, hemispheric laterality, and selective activation of the central cardiac modulation. Behav Brain Res 2020; 393:112773. [PMID: 32544509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The human prefrontal cortex (PFC) processes complex sensory information for the elaboration of social behaviors. The non-invasive neuroimaging technique near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) identifies hemodynamic changes and concentration of oxygenated (HbO2) and deoxygenated (HHb) hemoglobin in the cerebral cortex. We studied the responses detected by NIRS in the right and left PFC activation of 28 participants (n = 14 adult young females and males) while processing social/emotional facial expressions, i.e., in conscious perception of different expressions (neutral, happy, sad, angry, disgust, and fearful) and in unconscious/masked perception of negative expressions (fearful and disgust overlapped by neutral). The power spectral analysis from concomitant ECG signals revealed the sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation of cardiac responses. We found higher HbO2 values in the right PFC of females than in males during, and in the left PFC after, following the conscious perception of the happy face. In males, the left PFC increased and the right PFC decreased HbO2 while viewing the happy expression. In both sexes, HHb values were higher during the masked presentation of disgust than fearful expression, and after the masked presentation of fearful expression than during it. Higher sympathetic and lower parasympathetic activity (LF/ HF components) occurred in females when consciously and unconsciously processing negative emotions (p < 0.05 in all cases). These results demonstrate that the human PFC displays a selective activation depending on sex, hemispheric laterality, attention, time for responding to conscious and unconscious emotionally loaded stimuli with simulataneous centrally modulated cardiovascular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora V Fogazzi
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Graduation Program in Biosciences, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J Patrick Neary
- University of Regina, Centre for Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Regina, Canada
| | - Anelise Sonza
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Graduation Program in Physiotherapy, Florianópolis,SC, Brazil
| | - Caroline T Reppold
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Department of Psychology, Porto Alegre,RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Kaiser
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Department of Psychology, Porto Alegre,RS, Brazil
| | - Catharina M Scassola
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina R Casali
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto A Rasia-Filho
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Graduation Program in Biosciences, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Kaya S, McCabe C. What Role Does the Prefrontal Cortex Play in the Processing of Negative and Positive Stimuli in Adolescent Depression? Brain Sci 2019; 9:E104. [PMID: 31067810 PMCID: PMC6562900 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9050104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective describes the contribution of the prefrontal cortex to the symptoms of depression in adolescents and specifically the processing of positive and negative information. We also discuss how the prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity and connectivity during tasks and at rest might be a biomarker for risk for depression onset in adolescents. We include some of our recent work examining not only the anticipation and consummation of positive and negative stimuli, but also effort to gain positive and avoid negative stimuli in adolescents with depression. We find, using region of interest analyses, that the PFC is blunted in those with depression compared to controls across the different phases but in a larger sample the PFC is blunted in the anticipatory phase of the study only. Taken together, in adolescents with depression there is evidence for dysfunctional PFC activity across different studies and tasks. However, the data are limited with small sample sizes and inconsistent findings. Larger longitudinal studies with more detailed assessments of symptoms across the spectrum are needed to further evaluate the role of the PFC in adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyabend Kaya
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK.
| | - Ciara McCabe
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK.
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Brugnera A, Adorni R, Compare A, Zarbo C, Sakatani K. Cortical and Autonomic Patterns of Emotion Experiencing During a Recall Task. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Emotions characterized by opposite valences (positive vs. negative) seem to lead to specific patterns of autonomic and cortical activity. For example, according to valence or approach-withdrawal hypotheses, specific emotions lead to an asymmetrical activation of left or right prefrontal cortex (PFC). The aim of the present study was to explore the psychophysiological underpinnings of emotion experiencing using a paradigm with higher ecological validity than is typically accomplished in neuroimaging research. A total of 28 healthy participants were instructed to recall personally-relevant situations from the past that caused positive (happiness) or negative (anger) emotions, during a 2 min silent preparatory phase and a subsequent 3 min verbal phase. A wearable electrocardiographic (ECG) recording system and a portable 2-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device were used to collect heart rate (HR), high frequencies of heart rate variability (HF-HRV), and the hemodynamic responses of prefrontal cortex during the entire procedure. Results showed that during both anger and happiness recall tasks, HR increased and high frequencies of HRV decreased with respect to the baseline. HR and HF-HRV reached, respectively, their highest and lowest points during the verbal phase of anger recall task. NIRS data evidenced a bilateral increase of oxyhemoglobin concentration changes during both anger and happiness recall tasks, which was highest during the verbal phases. However, no lateralization patterns were found. Overall, present results suggest that the experience of negative emotions, if compared with positive ones, is characterized by a combination of reduced parasympathetic activation and/or increased sympathetic activation. Thus, cardiological data provided partial support to autonomic specificity of emotions. However, the recall paradigm did not evidence an asymmetry of PFC activity during the experience of emotions with opposite valences, probably due to the high number of factors impacting prefrontal activity during a recall paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Adorni
- Department of Human & Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Angelo Compare
- Department of Human & Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
- Human Factors and Technology in Healthcare, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Cristina Zarbo
- Department of Human & Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Italy
- Human Factors and Technology in Healthcare, University of Bergamo, Italy
| | - Kaoru Sakatani
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Japan
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