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Kencebay Manas C, Derin N, Arican RY, Tanriover G, Dilmac S, Ozcanli H. Comparison of the therapeutic effects of erythropoietin and acetyl-l-carnitine on sciatic nerve injury in rats. Neurol Res 2022; 44:659-666. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2029293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Kencebay Manas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Narin Derin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Yavuz Arican
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tanriover
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sayra Dilmac
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Haluk Ozcanli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Liu F, Mahmood M, Xu Y, Watanabe F, Biris AS, Hansen DK, Inselman A, Casciano D, Patterson TA, Paule MG, Slikker W, Wang C. Effects of silver nanoparticles on human and rat embryonic neural stem cells. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:115. [PMID: 25904840 PMCID: PMC4389354 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nano-particles (Ag-NPs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in consumer products as antibacterial agents. The increased use of Ag NP-enhanced products will almost certainly increase environmental silver levels, resulting in increased exposures and the potential for increased adverse reactions including neurotoxic effects. In the present study, embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) from human and rat fetuses (gestational day-16) were used to determine whether Ag-NPs are capable of causing developmental neurotoxicity. The NSCs were cultured in serum free medium supplemented with appropriate growth factors. On the eighth day in vitro (DIV 8), the cells were exposed to Ag-NPs at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml for 24 h. The cultured cells then were characterized by NSC markers including nestin and SOX2 and a variety of assays were utilized to determine the effects of Ag-NPs on NSC proliferation and viability and the underlying mechanisms associated with these effects. The results indicate that mitochondrial viability (MTT metabolism) was substantially attenuated and LDH release was increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Ag-NPs-induced neurotoxicity was further confirmed by up-regulated Bax protein expression, an increased number of TUNEL-positively stained cells, and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS). NSC proliferation was also significantly decreased by Ag-NPs. Co-administration of acetyl-L-carnitine, an antioxidant agent, effectively blocked the adverse effects associated with Ag-NP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Meena Mahmood
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Fumiya Watanabe
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Alexandru S Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Deborah K Hansen
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Amy Inselman
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Daniel Casciano
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Tucker A Patterson
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Merle G Paule
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - William Slikker
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
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Carbonylation of myosin heavy chains in rat heart during diabetes. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:205-17. [PMID: 20359464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac inotropy progressively declines during diabetes mellitus. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying this defect remain incompletely characterized. This study tests the hypothesis that ventricular myosin heavy chains (MHC) undergo carbonylation by reactive carbonyl species (RCS) during diabetes and these modifications contribute to the inotropic decline. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ). Fourteen days later the animals were divided into two groups: one group was treated with the RCS blocker aminoguanidine for 6 weeks, while the other group received no treatment. After 8 weeks of diabetes, cardiac ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular pressure development (+dP/dt) and myocyte shortening were decreased by 9%, 16%, 34% and 18%, respectively. Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)-actomyosin ATPase activities and peak actomyosin syneresis were also reduced by 35%, 28%, and 72%. MHC-alpha to MHC-beta ratio was 12:88. Mass spectrometry and Western blots revealed the presence of carbonyl adducts on MHC-alpha and MHC-beta. Aminoguanidine treatment did not alter MHC composition, but it blunted formation of carbonyl adducts and decreases in actomyosin Ca(2+)-sensitive ATPase activity, syneresis, myocyte shortening, cardiac ejection fraction, fractional shortening and +dP/dt induced by diabetes. From these new data it can be concluded that in addition to isozyme switching, modification of MHC by RCS also contributes to the inotropic decline seen during diabetes.
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Cameron NE, Gibson TM, Nangle MR, Cotter MA. Inhibitors of Advanced Glycation End Product Formation and Neurovascular Dysfunction in Experimental Diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1043:784-92. [PMID: 16037306 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1333.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation and lipoxidation end products (AGEs/ALEs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus: nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. This article reviews the evidence regarding the peripheral nerve and its vascular supply. Most investigations done to assess the role of AGEs/ALEs in animal models of diabetic neuropathy have used aminoguanidine as a prototypic inhibitor. Preventive or intervention experiments have shown treatment benefits for motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, autonomic nitrergic neurotransmission, nerve morphometry, and nerve blood flow. The latter depends on improvements in nitric oxide-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation and is responsible for conduction velocity improvements. A mechanistic interpretation of aminoguanidine's action in terms of AGE/ALE inhibition is made problematic by the relative lack of specificity. However, other unrelated compounds, such as pyridoxamine and pyridoxamine analogues, have recently been shown to have beneficial effects similar to aminoguanidine, as well as to improve pain-related measures of thermal hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia. These data also stress the importance of redox metal ion-catalyzed AGE/ALE formation. A further approach is to decrease substrate availability by reducing the elevated levels of hexose and triose phosphates found in diabetes. Benfotiamine is a transketolase activator that directs these substrates to the pentose phosphate pathway, thus reducing tissue AGEs. A similar spectrum of improvements in nerve and vascular function were noted when using benfotiamine in diabetic rats. Taken together, the data provide strong support for an important role for AGEs/ALEs in the etiology of diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman E Cameron
- School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
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Çakir N, Yetkin I, Karakoç A, Karakan T, Ayvaz G, Arslan M. l-Carnitine in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy and its effect on plasma β-endorphin levels. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-393x(00)90014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Senoz S, Kutukcu Y, Aydin A, Yildiz O. Acetyl salicylic acid improves somatosensory evoked potentials in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1999; 46:191-6. [PMID: 10624784 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(99)00096-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of acetyl salicyclic acid (ASA) on somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and neural levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), products of lipid peroxidation, were studied in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. ASA (100 mg/kg, in rat chow) was given to diabetic rats (n = 8) after the induction of diabetes for 16 weeks. ASA-treated normal control rats (n = 8), untreated diabetic rats (n = 8) and normal control rats (n = 8) were used for comparison. At the 8 weeks, SEP latency in diabetic group (15.4 +/- 0.5 ms) was significantly longer than that in normal control group (10.0 +/- 0.8 ms, P < 0.05). When compared to levels in diabetic control group, ASA shortened SEP latency significantly (12.7 +/- 0.1 ms; P < 0.05). This effect of ASA was significant in all three measurements from week 8 to 16 (P < 0.05 vs. diabetic control group). Neural TBARS level in diabetic control group (60.1 +/- 2.2 nmol/g) was significantly, higher than that in normal control group (28.5 +/- 3.6 nmol/g, P < 0.05). When compared to levels in diabetic control group, ASA depressed TBARS level significantly (41.5 +/- 12 nmol/g; P < 0.05). TBARS level in ASA-treated diabetic group (27.2 +/- 5.7 nmol/g) was comparable with that in normal control group (NS). These results suggest that ASA has beneficial effect on diabetic neuropathy and this effect may be related in part with prevention of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Senoz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Gul H, Odabasi Z, Yildiz O, Ozata M, Deniz G, Vural O, Isimer A. Beneficial effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on neuropathy in diabetic rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1999; 44:93-100. [PMID: 10414927 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(99)00028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) is therapeutically effective in experimental and clinical spinal injury. The effects of TRH on diabetic neuropathy are not known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the electrophysiological effects of TRH in the streptozotocin diabetic rats. Three groups of rats were studied, non-diabetic control (n = 10), diabetic controls (n = 8), and TRH treated diabetic rats (n = 9). Administration of TRH or saline and electrophysiological measurements were performed 4 weeks after induction of diabetes. TRH was given intraperitoneally in a dose of 600 microg (3 ml). Nerve conduction velocity (NCV), measured in caudal nerve, and N1 latency of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were measured 75 min after injection of TRH or serum saline. SEP latencies were 28.1 +/- 0.6, 29.4 +/- 0.8, 27.8 +/- 1.1 ms, in normal, diabetic and diabetic TRH-treated groups, and NCV values were 28.1 +/- 0.8, 23.8 +/- 0.4, and 27.9 +/- 0.7 m/s respectively. NCV was significantly reduced in the diabetic group compared to normals (P < 0.05). but then improved by TRH treatment (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that TRH has an acute effect on peripheral neuropathy in experimental streptozotocin diabetes in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gul
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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