1
|
Eker T, Sari D, Sari H, Tosun HS, Toker C. A kabuli chickpea ideotype. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1611. [PMID: 35102187 PMCID: PMC8803941 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of 'crop ideotype' is coined as a desirable plant model expected to better perform for seed yield, oils and other useful characteristics when developed as a cultivar, and it consists of two major approaches, namely, (i) 'defect elimination', that is, integration of disease resistance to a susceptible genotype from a resistant genotype and (ii) 'selection for yield' by improving yield after crosses between desirable parents. For consideration of these approaches, here we introduced an ideotype in kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) which is high-yielding, extra-large-seeded, and double- or multi-podded, has high plant height and imparipinnate-leafed traits, and is heat tolerant and resistant to ascochyta blight [Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.], which causes considerable yield losses, via marker-assisted selection. F3 and F4 lines were evaluated for agro-morphological traits divided into six classes, namely, (i) imparipinnate-leafed and single-podded progeny, (ii) imparipinnate-leafed and double-podded progeny, (iii) imparipinnate-leafed and multi-podded progeny, (iv) unifoliolate-leafed and single-podded progeny, (v) unifoliolate-leafed and double-podded progeny, (vi) unifoliolate-leafed and multi-podded progeny. F3:4 lines having 100-seed weight ≥ 45 g and double- or multi-podded traits were additionally assessed for resistance to ascochyta blight using molecular markers including SCY17590 and CaETR-1. Superior lines having higher values than their best parents were determined for all studied traits indicating that economic and important traits including yield and seed size in chickpea could be improved by crossing suitable parents. Imparipinnate-leafed and multi-podded plants had not only the highest number of pods and seeds per plant but also the highest yield. On the other hand, imparipinnate-leafed and single podded progeny had the largest seed size, followed by imparipinnate-leafed and double-podded progeny. Multi-podded plants produced 23% more seed yield than that of single-podded plants, while multi-podded plants attained 7.6% more seed yield than that of double-podded plants. SCY17590 and CaETR-1 markers located on LG4 related to QTLAR2 and QTLAR1 were found in 14 lines among 152 F3:4 lines. Six superior lines were selected for being double- or multi-podded, imparipinnate-leafed, suitable for combine harvest, heat-tolerant, and resistant to ascochyta blight, and having both of two resistance markers and extra-large seeds as high as 50-60 g per 100-seed weight. Resistance alleles from two different backgrounds for resistance to ascochyta blight were integrated with double- or multi-podded kabuli chickpea lines having high yield, extra-large seeds, high plant height, imparipinnate-leaves and high heat tolerance, playing a crucial role for future demands of population and food security. These approaches seem to be applicable in ideotype breeding for other important crop plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Eker
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Sari
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hatice Sari
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hilal Sule Tosun
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Toker
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wen J, Zhao X, Wu G, Xiang D, Liu Q, Bu SH, Yi C, Song Q, Dunwell JM, Tu J, Zhang T, Zhang YM. Genetic dissection of heterosis using epistatic association mapping in a partial NCII mating design. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18376. [PMID: 26679476 PMCID: PMC4683666 DOI: 10.1038/srep18376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterosis refers to the phenomenon in which an F1 hybrid exhibits enhanced growth or agronomic performance. However, previous theoretical studies on heterosis have been based on bi-parental segregating populations instead of F1 hybrids. To understand the genetic basis of heterosis, here we used a subset of F1 hybrids, named a partial North Carolina II design, to perform association mapping for dependent variables: original trait value, general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and mid-parental heterosis (MPH). Our models jointly fitted all the additive, dominance and epistatic effects. The analyses resulted in several important findings: 1) Main components are additive and additive-by-additive effects for GCA and dominance-related effects for SCA and MPH, and additive-by-dominant effect for MPH was partly identified as additive effect; 2) the ranking of factors affecting heterosis was dominance > dominance-by-dominance > over-dominance > complete dominance; and 3) increasing the proportion of F1 hybrids in the population could significantly increase the power to detect dominance-related effects, and slightly reduce the power to detect additive and additive-by-additive effects. Analyses of cotton and rapeseed datasets showed that more additive-by-additive QTL were detected from GCA than from trait phenotype, and fewer QTL were from MPH than from other dependent variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wen
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinwang Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Su-Hong Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Can Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qijian Song
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Maryland 20705, USA
| | - Jim M Dunwell
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, United Kingdom
| | - Jinxing Tu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuan-Ming Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tuba Biçer BT, Sakar D. Heritability and gene effects for yield and yield components in chickpea. Hereditas 2008; 145:220-4. [PMID: 19076689 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2008.02061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4x4 full-diallel cross set of chickpea (ILC 3279, Konya, Balikesir and Aknohut) was studied to estimate the gene effects and genetic parameters of nine traits. According to Hayman's method, only additive gene effects were found significant for days to flowering, plant height, number of pods and seeds per plant. In additon to the significant additive gene effects, dominant gene effects were significant for days to maturity, basal pod height, number of branches per plant and 100-seed weight. However, the magnitude of the additive gene effects was much higher than dominant gene effects. Reciprocal differences were observed for days to flowering and 100-seed weight. Estimates of genetic parameters also revealed that additive variance was significant for all traits studied except for seed yield, while dominance variance was significant only for days to maturity. The narrow-sense heritabilities were high for 100-seed weight (96%), days to flowering (84%), seeds (78%) and pods per plant (74%) indicating that great genetic gain could be achieved for these traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B T Tuba Biçer
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tuba BİÇer B, Şakar D. Heritability and gene effects for yield and yield components in chickpea. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0018-0661.2008.02061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
5
|
Navabi A, Singh RP, Tewari JP, Briggs KG. Genetic Analysis of Adult-Plant Resistance to Leaf Rust in Five Spring Wheat Genotypes. PLANT DISEASE 2003; 87:1522-1529. [PMID: 30812396 DOI: 10.1094/pdis.2003.87.12.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inheritance of adult-plant resistance to leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, was studied in the progeny of a one-way diallel cross involving five CIMMYT-derived adult-plant resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes and a susceptible wheat 'Avocet-YrA'. F1 progenies, F2 populations, F2-derived F3, and F4-derived F5 lines were field evaluated under artificial epidemics with leaf rust race MCJ/SP. Adult-plant resistance to leaf rust was incompletely dominant in crosses with the susceptible parent and was found to be controlled by additive interactions of Lr34 with at least two to three additional genes. Transgressive segregation giving rise to plants or lines with higher and lower levels of resistance than the parents was observed in all F2 and F5 derivatives of the resistant-parent intercrosses and suggested that, apart from Lr34, some of the other additive genes were nonallelic. Although specific combining ability was significant in some generations, general combining ability was found to be the major component of variation. Among generations, the estimates of the narrow-sense heritability of adult-plant resistance to leaf rust ranged from 0.67 to 0.97.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Navabi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - R P Singh
- CIMMYT, Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - J P Tewari
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - K G Briggs
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Singh O, Gowda CL, Sethi SC, Dasgupta T, Kumar J, Smithson JB. Genetic analysis of agronomic characters in chickpea. II. Estimates of genetic variances from line × tester mating designs. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1993; 85:1010-1016. [PMID: 24196152 DOI: 10.1007/bf00215041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/1992] [Accepted: 09/03/1992] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thirty line x tester experiments involving diverse chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm were conducted over 8 years and three locations to determine the nature of the genetic variance for grain yield and related characters, and the effects of generation and environment on these genetic parameters. Days-to-flowering, 100-seed mass, and seeds per pod were predominantly under the control of additive genetic variance, while both additive and non-additive genetic components of variance were important for days-to-maturity, plant height, primary and secondary branches, pods per plant, and seed yield. The F1 and F2 generations were found equally useful in estimating the genetic variances for different characters because the generation did not significantly interact with genetic parameters in the majority of cases. Sites or seasons, on the other hand, showed significant interaction with genetic components of variances; additive variance showed a larger interaction with environments than non-additive variance. This indicated the importance of more than one site and/ or season for unbiased estimation of the genetic components of variance. The results were compared with previous findings from diallel analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Singh
- Legumes Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, P.O. 502 324, A.P., India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
|