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Kiryushkin AS, Ilina EL, Guseva ED, Pawlowski K, Demchenko KN. Hairy CRISPR: Genome Editing in Plants Using Hairy Root Transformation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:51. [PMID: 35009056 PMCID: PMC8747350 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing is a powerful tool of plant functional genomics. Hairy root transformation is a rapid and convenient approach for obtaining transgenic roots. When combined, these techniques represent a fast and effective means of studying gene function. In this review, we outline the current state of the art reached by the combination of these approaches over seven years. Additionally, we discuss the origins of different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains that are widely used for hairy root transformation; the components of CRISPR/Cas vectors, such as the promoters that drive Cas or gRNA expression, the types of Cas nuclease, and selectable and screenable markers; and the application of CRISPR/Cas genome editing in hairy roots. The modification of the already known vector pKSE401 with the addition of the rice translational enhancer OsMac3 and the gene encoding the fluorescent protein DsRed1 is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S. Kiryushkin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Development, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.I.); (E.D.G.)
| | - Elena L. Ilina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Development, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.I.); (E.D.G.)
| | - Elizaveta D. Guseva
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Development, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.I.); (E.D.G.)
| | - Katharina Pawlowski
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirill N. Demchenko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Development, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.I.); (E.D.G.)
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Gerszberg A. Tissue culture and genetic transformation of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata): an overview. PLANTA 2018; 248:1037-1048. [PMID: 30066219 PMCID: PMC6182314 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The main goal of this publication is an overview of the biotechnological achievements concerning in vitro cultures and transformation of Brassica oleracea var. capitata. Faced with the requirements of the global food market, intensified work on the genetic transformation of economically important plants is carried out in laboratories around the world. The development of efficient procedures for their regeneration and transformation could be a good solution for obtaining, in a shorter time than by traditional methods, plants with desirable traits. Furthermore, conventional breeding methods are insufficient for crop genetic improvement not only because of being time-consuming but also because they are severely limited by sexual incompatibility barriers. This problem has been overcome by genetic engineering, which seems to be a very good technique for cabbage improvement. Despite the huge progress that has been made in the field of plant regeneration and transformation methods, up to now, no routine transformation procedure has been developed in the case of cabbage. This problem stems from the fact that the efficiency of cabbage transformation is closely related to the genotype and some varieties are recalcitrant to transformation. It is obvious that it is not possible to establish one universal regeneration and transformation protocol for all varieties of cabbage. Therefore, it seems fully justified to develop the above-mentioned procedures for individual economically important cultivars. Despite the obstacles of cabbage transformation in laboratories of many countries, especially those where this vegetable is extremely popular (e.g., China, India, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan), such attempts are made. This article reviews the achievements in the field of tissue culture and cabbage transformation from the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Gerszberg
- Department of Genetics, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
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Ravanfar SA, Orbovic V, Moradpour M, Abdul Aziz M, Karan R, Wallace S, Parajuli S. Improvement of tissue culture, genetic transformation, and applications of biotechnology to Brassica. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2017; 33:1-25. [PMID: 28460558 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2017.1309821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Development of in vitro plant regeneration method from Brassica explants via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis is influenced by many factors such as culture environment, culture medium composition, explant sources, and genotypes which are reviewed in this study. An efficient in vitro regeneration system to allow genetic transformation of Brassica is a crucial tool for improving its economical value. Methods to optimize transformation protocols for the efficient introduction of desirable traits, and a comparative analysis of these methods are also reviewed. Hence, binary vectors, selectable marker genes, minimum inhibitory concentration of selection agents, reporter marker genes, preculture media, Agrobacterium concentration and regeneration ability of putative transformants for improvement of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Brassica are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Ravanfar
- a Department of Agronomy , Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville , FL 32611-0300 , USA.,b Citrus Research and Education Center-University of Florida/IFAS , Lake Alfred , FL 33850 , USA.,d Laboratory of Plantation Crops , Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 Serdang , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Vladimir Orbovic
- b Citrus Research and Education Center-University of Florida/IFAS , Lake Alfred , FL 33850 , USA
| | - Mahdi Moradpour
- d Laboratory of Plantation Crops , Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 Serdang , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Maheran Abdul Aziz
- d Laboratory of Plantation Crops , Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 Serdang , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Ratna Karan
- a Department of Agronomy , Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville , FL 32611-0300 , USA
| | - Simon Wallace
- c Department of Biology , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA 52242-1324 , USA
| | - Saroj Parajuli
- e Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida , Wimauma , FL 33598 , USA
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Rafat A, Aziz MA, Rashid AA, Abdullah SNA, Kamaladini H, Sirchi M, Javadi M. Optimization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and shoot regeneration after co-cultivation of cabbage (Brassica oleracea subsp. capitata) cv. KY Cross with AtHSP101 gene. SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE 2010; 124:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Christey MC, Sinclair BK, Braun RH, Wyke L. Regeneration of transgenic vegetable brassicas (Brassica oleracea andB. campestris) via Ri-mediated transformation. PLANT CELL REPORTS 1997; 16:587-593. [PMID: 30727601 DOI: 10.1007/bf01275497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/1996] [Revised: 12/18/1996] [Accepted: 12/31/1996] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A procedure for the production of fertile transgenic brassicas via Ri-mediated transformation is reported in this paper. Transgenic hairy root lines were selected for 12 vegetable brassica cultivars and lines representing six varieties: broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, rapid-cycling (allBrassica oleracea) and Chinese cabbage (B. campestris). Leaf explants or petioles of intact cotyledons were co-cultivated withAgrobacterium strain A4T harbouring various binary vectors. The T-DNA region of all binary vectors contained a neomycin phosphotransferase II gene for kanamycin resistance, in addition to other genes. Hairy root lines grew prolifically on hormone-free medium containing kanamycin. Transgenic shoots were regenerated from all cultivars either spontaneously or after transfer of hairy roots to a hormone-containing medium. Southern analysis confirmed that the plants were transgenic. Plants from all brassica types were successfully transferred to greenhouse conditions. Plants were fertile and segregation analysis confirmed transmission of traits to progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Christey
- New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - B K Sinclair
- New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R H Braun
- New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - L Wyke
- New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Metz TD, Dixit R, Earle ED. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata). PLANT CELL REPORTS 1995; 15:287-92. [PMID: 24185794 DOI: 10.1007/bf00193738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/1995] [Revised: 07/05/1995] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) was produced by two Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation methods. One used flowering stalk explants from mature plants; the other used hypocotyl and petiole explants from in vitro-grown seedlings. Several hundred transformants containing a Bacillus thuringiensis ∂-endotoxin gene (CryIA(c)-type) and the neomycin phosphotransferase gene were recovered. Rooted transformants were obtained in as little as 3 months using seedling explants. Transgenic cabbage was also obtained by the seedling explant method. Parameters important for high efficiency regeneration and transformation rates included use of a tobacco nurse cell layer, sealing of petri dishes with a porous surgical tape instead of Parafilm, preculture of seedling explants and appropriate length of co-cultivation with Agrobacterium. Advantages and disadvantages of each transformation procedure are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Metz
- Dept. of Plant Breeding, Cornell University, 14853-1902, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Hosoki T, Kigo T. Transformation of Brussels Sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Zenk.) by Agrobacterium rhizogenes Harboring a Reporter, ^|^beta;-Glucuronidase Gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.2503/jjshs.63.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hosoki T, Kanbe H, Kigo T. Transformation of Ornamental Tobacco and Kale Mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes Harboring a Reporter, ^|^beta;-Glucuronidase (GUS) Gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.2503/jjshs.63.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Julliard J, Pelèse F, Sotta B, Maldiney R, Primard-Brisset C, Jouanin L, Pelletier G, Miginiac E. T L -DNA transformation decreases ABA level. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 1993; 88:654-660. [PMID: 28741773 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb01385.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous levels of ABA were measured in Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 Tl -DNA transformed oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera cv. Brutor and cv. Drakkar), cabbage (Brassica oleracea). A4 transformed tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) and their normal counterparts, using high performance liquid chromatography and enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay. Measurements were made on different plant tissues (i. e. floral stem, terminal bud, young leaf, mature leaf, root and root tips) and ABA levels were compared in unstressed and osmotically stressed oilseed rape plants (cv. Brutor). In unstressed Plants. in each of the 5 independent transformation events studied, a significant reduction (about 65% of control) in ABA concentration was observed in all transformed plants. When subjected to an osmotic stress, TL transformed Brutor plants showed a higher ABA accumulation than untransformed plants. The change in ABA content as a consequence of TL -DNA transformation is discussed with regard to phenotype, drought resistance and adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Julliard
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Florence Pelèse
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Bruno Sotta
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Régis Maldiney
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Catherine Primard-Brisset
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Lise Jouanin
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Georges Pelletier
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Emile Miginiac
- Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France
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