Enchondroma protuberans of the rib

Enchondroma protuberans of the hand: A case report

Enchondroma protuberans (EP) is a rare form of enchondroma which demonstrates exophytic growth outside the margins of the bony cortex. A previously healthy 18-year-old male presented with chronic painless palpable mass of the left third finger. Radiograph showed a well-circumscribed expansile lucent lesion in the middle phalanx of the left third finger. The magnetic resonance imaging confirmed an expansile cortical-based lesion extending through the cortex into the soft tissues, which demonstrated high T2 signal with internal foci with low to intermediate signal suggestive of internal chondroid matrix. The patient underwent surgical excision, curettage and bone grafting, and surgical pathology study confirmed the diagnosis of EP. A rare case of EP involving a phalanx of the hand was described in this study. Imaging, particularly magnetic resonance imaging, plays a key role for accurate preprocedural diagnosis.

Ultrasound manifestations of enchondroma protuberans: Two case reports

RATIONALE

We report two rare cases of enchondroma protuberans originating from phalanxes.

PATIENT CONCERNS

The patients visited doctors for a palpable mass in their phalanx without any pain or discomfort.

DIAGNOSES

Biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of enchondroma protuberans. Radiographs usually provide important imaging information, while studied on the ultrasound manifestation of enchondroma protuberans are still limited. In our cases, significant information about ultrasound manifestation of enchondroma protuberans were presented. Sonographic examination of enchondroma protuberans revealed a hypoechoic mass located in and beyond the medullary cavity of bone through the interrupted bone cortex, and blood flow signals were usually not abundant.

INTERVENTIONS

Patients were subsequently referred for surgical removal and the masses were confirmed by following pathological examination.

OUTCOMES

After surgery, the patients recovered well with no relapse within 2 years.

LESSONS

Enchondroma protuberans is a rare form of benign enchondroma. Enchondroma protuberans can present as an intramedullary hypoechoic mass extending to the surrounding soft tissue via the discontinuous cortex line on ultrasound. Ultrasound can provide important information for the diagnosis of enchondroma protuberans.

Enchondroma protuberans of ulnar bone: a case report and review of literature

Introduction. Enchondroma protuberans is an extremely rare benign cartilaginous bone tumor. We report the first case report of enchondroma protuberans in the forearm. Presentation of Case. We report a case of enchondroma protuberans originating in the left ulnar bone of a young woman. A 20-year-old female referred to our hospital complaining of progressive sustained left forearm pain with a radiation to fourth and fifth finger. Conventional radiography revealed a well-defined eccentric osteolytic lesion in the distal diaphysis of ulna with expansion of overlying cortex (without calcification). Magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-defined ovoid intramedullary lesion, which was exophytically protruding from medial surface of left ulnar bone. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. Discussion. Enchondroma protuberans typically present as a well-defined intramedullary osteolytic lesion that may be accompanied by a fine matricidal calcification. The connection between the intramedullary portion and the exophytic protrusion can be seen well by magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion. Enchondroma protuberans should be considered in the differential diagnosis of osteochondroma, enchondroma, and periosteal chondroid tumors.

Enchondroma protuberans of the hand

OBJECTIVE

Enchondroma protuberans is a rare tumor that arises from an intramedullary enchondroma with an exophytic growth pattern. The purpose of this study was to describe imaging findings of this disease that were obtained using both radiography and MRI.

CONCLUSION

It is necessary to understand the characteristic imaging findings of enchondroma protuberans to avoid misdiagnosis. When radiography does not allow a clear diagnosis of enchondroma protuberans, MRI may be helpful for diagnosis.

Benign primary tumours of the ribs

Benign primary tumours of the ribs are rare and may be identified during the investigation of a clinically suspected abnormality or as an incidental finding. This review describes the spectrum of benign tumours that can involve the rib and illustrates the radiographic, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearances that may facilitate diagnosis.

Recurrent enchondroma protuberans: a case report

Enchondroma protuberans is a rare benign tumor. We present a case of late recurrence of a previously reported enchondroma protuberans in the hand. This was treated successfully with curettage and calcium carbonate grafting.

Enchondroma protuberans of the phalanx: a case report

Enchondroma protuberans, which is defined as an exophytic enchondroma of a long bone, is a rare condition. There have been 6 previously reported cases with only 1 case occurring in the hand. We report a case of an enchondroma protuberans of the ring finger middle phalanx treated by marginal excision of the soft-tissue component, intramedullary curettage, and placement of calcium phosphate cement. There was no evidence of local recurrence at the 1-year follow-up examination.

Enchondroma protuberans: a case report

Enchondroma protuberans is a rare benign cartilaginous tumor. There have been only 5 cases previously described in the world literature. It must be differentiated from other more common and aggressive tumors to avoid radical resection. A case report of a 7-year-old boy presenting with enchondroma protuberans in the third metacarpal is presented. The patient underwent an initial incisional biopsy followed by a marginal resection of the soft tissue component and intramedullary curettage. After a 36-month follow-up period, there is no evidence of recurrence.

Exophytic variant of fibrous dysplasia (fibrous dysplasia protuberans)

Two cases of an exophytic variant of fibrous dysplasia (fibrous dysplasia protuberans) are reported in which the lesions protruded far beyond the normal bone contour mimicking surface lesions of bone. The first case was an 18-year-old man who had a pedunculated calcified mass of the sixth rib in association with radiologically diagnosed fibrous dysplasia of the skull. The second case was a 33-year-old man who had an exophytic lesion of the proximal tibia. Both of these patients were shown to have benign fibro-osseous lesions consistent with fibrous dysplasia. The intramedullary portions of the host bone adjacent to the exophytic masses also were involved by the fibro-osseous lesions and this fact suggests that the lesions may arise eccentrically in the medullary spaces and mainly grow outwards. It is important to be aware that fibrous dysplasia occasionally presents as an excrescence on the surface of bone. Careful radiographic and histological correlation is required to make a correct diagnosis of this rare variant of fibrous dysplasia.