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Placidi M, Vergara T, Casoli G, Flati I, Capece D, Artini PG, Virmani A, Zanatta S, D’Alessandro AM, Tatone C, Di Emidio G. Acyl-Carnitines Exert Positive Effects on Mitochondrial Activity under Oxidative Stress in Mouse Oocytes: A Potential Mechanism Underlying Carnitine Efficacy on PCOS. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2474. [PMID: 37760915 PMCID: PMC10525604 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnitines play a key physiological role in oocyte metabolism and redox homeostasis. In clinical and animal studies, carnitine administration alleviated metabolic and reproductive dysfunction associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Oxidative stress (OS) at systemic, intraovarian, and intrafollicular levels is one of the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. We investigated the ability of different acyl-carnitines to act at the oocyte level by counteracting the effects of OS on carnitine shuttle system and mitochondrial activity in mouse oocytes. Germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes were exposed to hydrogen peroxide and propionyl-l-carnitine (PLC) alone or in association with l-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) under different conditions. Expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (Cpt1) was monitored by RT-PCR. In in vitro matured oocytes, metaphase II (MII) apparatus was assessed by immunofluorescence. Oocyte mitochondrial respiration was evaluated by Seahorse Cell Mito Stress Test. We found that Cpt1a and Cpt1c isoforms increased under prooxidant conditions. PLC alone significantly improved meiosis completion and oocyte quality with a synergistic effect when combined with LC + ALC. Acyl-carnitines prevented Cpt1c increased expression, modifications of oocyte respiration, and ATP production observed upon OS. Specific effects of PLC on spare respiratory capacity were observed. Therefore, carnitine supplementation modulated the intramitochondrial transfer of fatty acids with positive effects on mitochondrial activity under OS. This knowledge contributes to defining molecular mechanism underlying carnitine efficacy on PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Placidi
- Department of Life, Health and Experimental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (T.V.); (G.C.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Teresa Vergara
- Department of Life, Health and Experimental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (T.V.); (G.C.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Giovanni Casoli
- Department of Life, Health and Experimental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (T.V.); (G.C.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Irene Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (D.C.)
| | - Paolo Giovanni Artini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology “P. Fioretti”, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Ashraf Virmani
- Research, Innovation and Development, Alfasigma B.V., 3528 BG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Samuele Zanatta
- Research and Development, Labomar Spa, 31036 Istrana, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria D’Alessandro
- Department of Life, Health and Experimental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (T.V.); (G.C.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Carla Tatone
- Department of Life, Health and Experimental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (T.V.); (G.C.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Giovanna Di Emidio
- Department of Life, Health and Experimental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (T.V.); (G.C.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
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Sirikwanpong S, Dahlan W, Ngamukote S, Sangsuthum S, Adisakwattana S, Nopponpunth V, Himathongkam T. The Alterations of Erythrocyte Phospholipids in Type 2 Diabetes Observed after Oral High-Fat Meal Loading: The FTIR Spectroscopic and Mass Spectrometric Studies. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2010; 47:111-20. [PMID: 20838566 PMCID: PMC2935151 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.10-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the postprandial remodelling of erythrocytes phospholipids (PLs) in type 2 diabetics (T2DM). Therefore, this study aims to compare the alterations of erythrocyte PLs in T2DM to those of healthy subjects after ingestion of a high-fat meal. Eleven T2DM and ten healthy subjects underwent a high-fat meal loading. Erythrocytes were isolated from blood obtained after fasting and 4 h after the meal. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was initially used to screen erythrocyte PLs by monitoring C-H stretching vibrations. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecular species were further investigated by Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionisation-Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). For the control group, FTIR revealed postprandial changes in C-H stretching vibrations, particularly of the olefinic band. These findings were supported by LC-ESI-MS data, showing marked changes in PC molecular species, especially of the PC34:1 (where 34 and 1 mean the summed number of carbons and double bonds, respectively). However, similar changes of those were not apparent in the T2DM group. Our results reveal marked postprandial alterations of erythrocyte PC species in healthy subjects whereas only mild alterations are observed in T2DM. The discrepant effects of high-fat meal loading suggest abnormal PC remodelling in the diabetic erythrocyte that may affect its membrane fluidity and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukrit Sirikwanpong
- Inter-Department Program of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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