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Briant M, Mestdagh JM, Gaveau MA, Poisson L. Reaction dynamics within a cluster environment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9807-9835. [PMID: 35441619 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective article reviews experimental and theoretical works where rare gas clusters and helium nanodroplets are used as a nanoreactor to investigate chemical dynamics in a solvent environment. A historical perspective is presented first followed by specific considerations on the mobility of reactants within these reaction media. The dynamical response of pure clusters and nanodroplets to photoexcitation is shortly reviewed before examining the role of the cluster (or nanodroplet) degrees of freedom in the photodynamics of the guest atoms and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Briant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Marc-André Gaveau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lionel Poisson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France.
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2
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García-Alfonso E, Coppens F, Barranco M, Pi M, Stienkemeier F, Halberstadt N. Alkali atoms attached to vortex-hosting helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:194109. [PMID: 33687233 DOI: 10.1063/5.0008923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Light absorption or fluorescence excitation spectroscopy of alkali atoms attached to 4He droplets is investigated as a possible way for detecting the presence of vortices. To this end, we have calculated the equilibrium configuration and energetics of alkali atoms attached to a 4He1000 droplet hosting a vortex line using 4He density functional theory. We use them to study how the dipole absorption spectrum of the alkali atom is modified when the impurity is attached to a vortex line. Spectra are found to be blue-shifted (higher frequencies) and broadened compared to vortex-free droplets because the dimple in which the alkali atom sits at the intersection of the vortex line and the droplet surface is deeper. This effect is smaller for lighter alkali atoms and all the more so when using a quantum description since, in this case, they sit further away from the droplet surface on average due to their zero-point motion. Spectral modifications due to the presence of a vortex line are minor for np ← ns excitation and therefore insufficient for vortex detection. In the case of higher n'p ← ns or n's ← ns (n' > n) excitations, the shifts are larger as the excited state orbital is more extended and therefore more sensitive to changes in the surrounding helium density.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francois Coppens
- Université Toulouse 3 and CNRS, Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats et Réactivité, IRSAMC, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Manuel Barranco
- Université Toulouse 3 and CNRS, Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats et Réactivité, IRSAMC, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Martí Pi
- Departament FQA, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nadine Halberstadt
- Université Toulouse 3 and CNRS, Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats et Réactivité, IRSAMC, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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3
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Abstract
We report suppression of multiphoton ionization (MPI) of aniline doped large superfluid helium droplets containing over 5 × 106 atoms. In contrast, surface-bound sodium atoms and dimers are readily desorbed and ionized. Adequacy of the experimental conditions is also confirmed from ejection of embedded aniline cations from smaller droplets containing multiple cations, and MPI of gaseous aniline. The photoelectrons have a mean-free-path of less than 1 nm and a thermalization distance of 10 nm. In a droplet with a diameter of over 70 nm, effective charge recombination within the droplet is expected.
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4
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Jäger M, Schäfer R, Johnston RL. GIGA: a versatile genetic algorithm for free and supported clusters and nanoparticles in the presence of ligands. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:9042-9052. [PMID: 31025685 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02031d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a versatile parallelised genetic algorithm, which is able to perform global optimisation from first principles for pure and mixed free clusters in the gas phase, supported on surfaces or in the presence of one or several atomic or molecular species (ligands or adsorbates). The genetic algorithm is coupled to different quantum chemical software packages in order to permit a large variety of methods for the global optimisation. The genetic algorithm is also capable of optimising different electronic spin multiplicities explicitly, which allows global optimisation on several potential energy hypersurfaces in parallel. We employ the genetic algorithm to study ligand-passivated clusters [Cd3Se3(H2S)3]+ and to investigate adsorption of [Pt6(H2O)2]+ supported on graphene. The explicit consideration of the electronic spin multiplicity during global optimisation is investigated for nanoalloy clusters Pt4V2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jäger
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Saidi S, Berriche H, Halberstadt N. Dissociative Photoionization of He···Li 2: A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11963-72. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samah Saidi
- LCAR-IRSAMC, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire des
Interfaces et Matériaux Avancés, Département
de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Monastir, Avenue de l’Environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hamid Berriche
- Laboratoire des
Interfaces et Matériaux Avancés, Département
de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Monastir, Avenue de l’Environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
- Department
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and
Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Nadine Halberstadt
- LCAR-IRSAMC, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier and CNRS, 31062 Toulouse, France
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6
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Loginov E, Hernando A, Beswick JA, Halberstadt N, Drabbels M. Excitation of Sodium Atoms Attached to Helium Nanodroplets: The 3p ← 3s Transition Revisited. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6033-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511885t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J. Alberto Beswick
- Laboratoire
des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, CNRS and Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Nadine Halberstadt
- Laboratoire
des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, CNRS and Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
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7
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Loginov E, Drabbels M. Dynamics of Excited Sodium Atoms Attached to Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2738-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy Loginov
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
Moléculaire, Ecole polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Drabbels
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
Moléculaire, Ecole polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Krois G, Pototschnig JV, Lackner F, Ernst WE. Spectroscopy of cold LiCa molecules formed on helium nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:13719-31. [PMID: 24028555 PMCID: PMC3871282 DOI: 10.1021/jp407818k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report on the formation of mixed alkali-alkaline earth molecules (LiCa) on helium nanodroplets and present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the ground and excited states of LiCa. Resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization time-of-flight (REMPI-TOF) spectroscopy and laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy were used for the experimental investigation of LiCa from 15000 to 25500 cm(-1). The 4(2)Σ(+) and 3(2)Π states show a vibrational structure accompanied by distinct phonon wings, which allows us to determine molecular parameters as well as to study the interaction of the molecule with the helium droplet. Higher excited states (4(2)Π, 5(2)Σ(+), 5(2)Π, and 6(2)Σ(+)) are not vibrationally resolved and vibronic transitions start to overlap. The experimental spectrum is well reproduced by high-level ab initio calculations. By using a multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) approach, we calculated the 19 lowest lying potential energy curves (PECs) of the LiCa molecule. On the basis of these calculations, we could identify previously unobserved transitions. Our results demonstrate that the helium droplet isolation approach is a powerful method for the characterization of tailor-made alkali-alkaline earth molecules. In this way, important contributions can be made to the search for optimal pathways toward the creation of ultracold alkali-alkaline earth ground state molecules from the corresponding atomic species. Furthermore, a test for PECs calculated by ab initio methods is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Krois
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johann V. Pototschnig
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Lackner
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang E. Ernst
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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9
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Dell’Angelo D, Guillon G, Viel A. Excited Li and Na in Hen: Influence of the dimer potential energy curves. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:114308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3693766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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Loginov E, Callegari C, Ancilotto F, Drabbels M. Spectroscopy on Rydberg States of Sodium Atoms on the Surface of Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:6779-88. [PMID: 21446657 DOI: 10.1021/jp111146n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy Loginov
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL),CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Callegari
- Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Graz, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Francesco Ancilotto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, “G. Galilei”, Universita' di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy and CNR-IOM-Democritos, I-34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcel Drabbels
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL),CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Bovino S, Coccia E, Bodo E, Lopez-Durán D, Gianturco FA. Spin-driven structural effects in alkali doped (4)He clusters from quantum calculations. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:224903. [PMID: 19530785 DOI: 10.1063/1.3147466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we carry out variational Monte Carlo and diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations for Li(2)((1)Sigma(g) (+))((4)He)(N) and Li(2)((3)Sigma(u) (+))((4)He)(N) with N up to 30 and discuss in detail the results of our computations. After a comparison between our DMC energies with the "exact" discrete variable representation values for the species with one (4)He, in order to test the quality of our computations at 0 K, we analyze the structural features of the whole range of doped clusters. We find that both species reside on the droplet surface, but that their orientation is spin driven, i.e., the singlet molecule is perpendicular and the triplet one is parallel to the droplet's surface. We have also computed quantum vibrational relaxation rates for both dimers in collision with a single (4)He and we find them to differ by orders of magnitude at the estimated surface temperature. Our results therefore confirm the findings from a great number of experimental data present in the current literature and provide one of the first attempts at giving an accurate, fully quantum picture for the nanoscopic properties of alkali dimers in (4)He clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bovino
- Department of Chemistry and CNISM, The University of Rome Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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12
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Stiles PL, Douberly GE, Miller RE. High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of Mg-HF and Mg-(HF)2 solvated in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:184313. [PMID: 19449927 DOI: 10.1063/1.3137122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution infrared (IR) spectroscopy is used to investigate the Mg-HF and Mg-(HF)(2) van der Waals complexes. Both complexes are formed and probed within helium nanodroplets. Rotationally resolved zero-field and Stark spectra are assigned to a linear binary complex composed of a Mg atom bound to the hydrogen end of the HF molecule. Although high level ab initio calculations predict a fluorine bonded complex, none of the observed IR bands can be assigned to this complex. The collocation method is employed to determine the bound states on the two-dimensional intermolecular Mg-HF potential energy surface. The ground and first excited state wave functions for this potential surface have zero amplitude in the well corresponding to the fluorine bonded complex, consistent with experiment. The two HF stretching bands of the Mg-(HF)(2) complex are observed and assigned using a combination of the spectral symmetry, ab initio calculations, pick-up cell pressure dependencies, and dipole moment measurements. Comparisons with the helium solvated HF dimer show large changes to the HF stretching frequencies upon the addition of a single Mg atom to the hydrogen side of (HF)(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Stiles
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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13
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Nagl J, Auböck G, Hauser AW, Allard O, Callegari C, Ernst WE. High-spin alkali trimers on helium nanodroplets: Spectral separation and analysis. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:154320. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2906120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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14
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Szalewicz K. Interplay between theory and experiment in investigations of molecules embedded in superfluid helium nanodroplets†. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350801933485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Pacheco AB, Thorndyke B, Reyes A, Micha DA. Quantum dynamics of an excited alkali atom in a noble gas cluster: Lithium attached to a helium cluster. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:244504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2813889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Patkowski K, Podeszwa R, Szalewicz K. Interactions in Diatomic Dimers Involving Closed-Shell Metals. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:12822-38. [DOI: 10.1021/jp076412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Patkowski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Rafał Podeszwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Krzysztof Szalewicz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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Douberly GE, Miller RE. Rotational Dynamics of HCN−M (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) van der Waals Complexes Formed on the Surface of Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:7292-302. [PMID: 17602450 DOI: 10.1021/jp070042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infrared laser spectroscopy was used to probe the unique rotational dynamics of the HCN-M (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) complexes formed on the surface of helium droplets. The nu1 CH stretch ro-vibrational spectra were measured revealing what appears to be the P and R contours of a nearly rigid linear rotor. To simulate the linear molecule spectra, given a rotational temperature of 0.37 K, effective moments of inertia, IB, were required to be 10(4)-10(5) amu.A2 larger than the ab initio predicted values. The large moments of inertia were found to be strongly dependent on both the mass of the complex and the size of the helium droplet, consistent with a model where the dopant is located in a dimple site on the surface of the droplet. In this model, the moment of inertia is representative of the rotational motion of the dopant on the surface about an inertial axis through the center of the droplet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary E Douberly
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, USA.
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18
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Küpper J, Merritt JM. Spectroscopy of free radicals and radical containing entrance-channel complexes in superfluid helium nanodroplets. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350601087664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Nagl J, Auböck G, Callegari C, Ernst WE. Magnetic dichroism of potassium atoms on the surface of helium nanodroplets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:075301. [PMID: 17359031 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.075301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Revised: 12/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The population ratio of Zeeman sublevels of atoms on the surface of superfluid helium droplets (T=0.37 K) has been measured. Laser induced fluorescence spectra of K atoms are measured in the presence of a moderately strong magnetic field (2.9 kG). The relative difference between the two states of circular polarization of the exciting laser is used to determine the electron spin polarization of the ensemble. Equal fluorescence levels indicate that the two spin sublevels of the ground-state K atom are equipopulated, within 1%. Thermalization to 0.37 K would give a population ratio of 0.35. We deduce that the rate of spin relaxation induced by the droplet must be <520/s. For the K2 triplet dimer we find instead full thermalization of the spin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Nagl
- Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria, EU
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20
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Tiggesbäumker J, Stienkemeier F. Formation and properties of metal clusters isolated in helium droplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:4748-70. [PMID: 17712454 DOI: 10.1039/b703575f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The unique conditions forming atomic and molecular complexes and clusters using superfluid helium nanodroplets have opened up an innovative route for studying the physical and chemical properties of matter on the nanoscale. This review summarizes the specific characteristics of the formation of atomic clusters partly generated far from equilibrium in the helium environment. Special emphasis is on the optical response, electronic properties as well as dynamical processes which are mostly affected by the surrounding quantum matrix. Experiments include the optical induced response of isolated cluster systems in helium under quite different excitation conditions ranging from the linear regime up to the violent interaction with a strong laser field leading to Coulomb explosion and the generation of highly charged atomic fragments. The variety of results on the outstanding properties in the quantum size regime highlights the peculiar capabilities of helium nanodroplet isolation spectroscopy.
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Pacheco AB, Reyes A, Micha DA. Light absorption during alkali atom-noble gas atom interactions at thermal energies: a quantum dynamics treatment. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:154313. [PMID: 17059261 DOI: 10.1063/1.2357956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The absorption of light during atomic collisions is treated by coupling electronic excitations, treated quantum mechanically, to the motion of the nuclei described within a short de Broglie wavelength approximation, using a density matrix approach. The time-dependent electric dipole of the system provides the intensity of light absorption in a treatment valid for transient phenomena, and the Fourier transform of time-dependent intensities gives absorption spectra that are very sensitive to details of the interaction potentials of excited diatomic states. We consider several sets of atomic expansion functions and atomic pseudopotentials, and introduce new parametrizations to provide light absorption spectra in good agreement with experimentally measured and ab initio calculated spectra. To this end, we describe the electronic excitation of the valence electron of excited alkali atoms in collisions with noble gas atoms with a procedure that combines l-dependent atomic pseudopotentials, including two- and three-body polarization terms, and a treatment of the dynamics based on the eikonal approximation of atomic motions and time-dependent molecular orbitals. We present results for the collision induced absorption spectra in the Li-He system at 720 K, which display both atomic and molecular transition intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Pacheco
- Quantum Theory Project, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8435, USA
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22
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Reyes A, Micha DA. Dynamics of electronic excitation in collisions of alkali atoms with noble-gas atoms using atomic core potentials. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1625916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Vongehr S, Kresin VV. Unusual pickup statistics of high-spin alkali agglomerates on helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1622930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Reyes A, Micha D, Runge K. First principles dynamics of Li–He collisional excitation using atomic core potentials. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)01235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Nakayama A, Yamashita K. Path integral Monte Carlo study on the structure and absorption spectra of alkali atoms (Li, Na, K) attached to superfluid helium clusters. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1322071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Reho JH, Higgins J, Nooijen M, Lehmann KK, Scoles G, Gutowski M. Photoinduced nonadiabatic dynamics in quartet Na[sub 3] and K[sub 3] formed using helium nanodroplet isolation. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1418248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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29
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30
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Nakayama A, Yamashita K. Theoretical study on the structure of Na+-doped helium clusters: Path integral Monte Carlo calculations. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of van der Waals complexes of tetracene–Ar (N⩽5) and pentacene–Ar within ultracold liquid He droplets. Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(98)00250-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Abstract
Laser ablation of in situ metals has recently made it possible to immerse a large number of different metal atoms and ions and small clusters of metal atoms in liquid helium (He) and thus study their absorption and emission spectra in the visible region. Atoms and molecules are readily picked up by large (N > or = 103 atoms) He droplets, and their spectra are sensitively detected through the use of either beam depletion following absorption or laser-induced fluorescence. Within the past three years, a wide variety of molecules, ranging from OCS to large organic molecules such as amino acids and a number of van der Waals complexes and even large metal clusters, have been embedded in He droplets and studied either in infrared or in the visible region. These results are discussed here in detail, and the evidence for the effect of superfluidity on the spectral features is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Toennies
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Goettingen, Germany
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33
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Callicoatt BE, Förde K, Ruchti T, Jung L, Janda KC, Halberstadt N. Capture and ionization of argon within liquid helium droplets. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Higgins J, Callegari C, Reho J, Stienkemeier F, Ernst WE, Gutowski M, Scoles G. Helium Cluster Isolation Spectroscopy of Alkali Dimers in the Triplet Manifold. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp981115g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - C. Callegari
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - J. Reho
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - F. Stienkemeier
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - W. E. Ernst
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - M. Gutowski
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - G. Scoles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
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Spectroscopy and microscopic theory of doped helium clusters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5467(98)80014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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Bartelt A, Close JD, Federmann F, Quaas N, Toennies JP. Cold Metal Clusters: Helium Droplets as a Nanoscale Cryostat. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:3525-3528. [PMID: 10062242 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Hartmann M, Mielke F, Toennies JP, Vilesov AF, Benedek G. Direct spectroscopic observation of elementary excitations in superfluid He droplets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 76:4560-4563. [PMID: 10061322 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.4560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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