Die antibakterielle Effektivität von Cefamandol im Vergleich mit anderen Antibiotika

[Resistance of gram-negative bacteria against cefaclor and other antibiotics (author's transl)]

Five hundred and eighty-six strains of eight species of Enterobacteriaceae were tested for their resistance against cefaclor, cefamandole, cephalothin, ampicillin, mezocillin, tetracycline and co-trimoxazole. Cefaclor showed a low rate of resistance against Escherichia coli (1.2%), Klebsiella (2%) and Proteus mirabilis (3.1%), but a high rate of resistance against indole-positive Proteus species (60%) and Serratia (80%). Cefamandole was also effective against cefaclor and ampicillin resistant strains. Multiresistant strains were predominant especially amongst Enterobacter, Serratia and indole-positive Proteus species. Of 266 ampicillin resistant strains, 198 strains (74.4%) proved to be sensitive to cefaclor. Among the orally administered antibiotics cefaclor exhibited the best result with 12.1% resistant strains compared to 14.8% strains resistant to co-trimoxazole and 45.4% resistant to ampicillin.

[In vitro testing of newer cephalosporins (author's transl)]

The spectrum of activity of the newer cephalosporins is considerably wider and includes a number of gram-negative bacteria. Test results using cephalothin as 'class disc' of a class of antibiotics is therefore no longer valid for the newer members. Like cefazoline, all of the above-mentioned antibiotics are more effective against Escherichia coli. Cefuroxin and cefoxitin also display increased effectiveness against Klebsiella, as do cefoxitin against Serratia and indolpositive Proteus species, and cefamandole and cefuroxime against Enterobacter. Cefotaxim is superior to all other agents, as was also demonstrated in our own inhibition zone tests; in addition cefotaxim is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Since the various pathogens do not exhibit a uniform pattern of resistance to these antibiotics, the four new agents should for the time being be tested independently of cephalothin and cefazoline.