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Soylu-Eter Ö, Sevinçli ZŞ, Ersoy B, Hasanusta B, Gatfar U, Lack NA, Erman B, Gül A, Orer HS, Karalı N. 5-Fluoro/(trifluoromethoxy)-2-indolinone derivatives with anti-interleukin-1 activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300217. [PMID: 37816092 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) drives the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have revealed that 2-indolinones can modulate cytokine responses. Therefore, we screened several 2-indolinone derivatives in preliminary studies to develop agents with anti-IL-1 activity. First, the putative efficacies and binding interactions of 2-indolinones were evaluated by docking studies. Second, previously synthesized 5-fluoro/(trifluoromethoxy)-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazones) (compounds 47-69) which had the highest inhibitory effect in the screening were evaluated for inhibitory effects on the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R). Compounds 52 (IC50 = 0.09 µM) and 65 (IC50 = 0.07 µM) were selected as lead compounds for the subsequent synthesis of new derivatives. The novel 5-fluoro/(trifluoromethoxy)-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazones) (compounds 70-116) were designed, synthesized, and in vitro studies were completed. The compounds 76, 78, 81, 91, 100, 105, and 107 tested showed nontoxic inhibitory effects on IL-1R-dependent responses in the range of 0.01-0.06 µM and stronger than the lead compounds 52 and 65. In vitro and in silico findings showed that compounds 78 (IC50 = 0.01 µM) and 81 (IC50 = 0.02 µM) had the strongest IL-1R inhibitory effects and the most favorable drug-like properties. Molecular modeling studies of the compounds 78 and 81 were carried out to determine the possible binding interactions at the active site of the IL-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Soylu-Eter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Şeyma Sevinçli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Betül Ersoy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Hasanusta
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Gatfar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Graduate School of Sciences, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nathan A Lack
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Urologic Science, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Burak Erman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gül
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan S Orer
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Karalı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Simha PR, Mangali MS, Kuppireddy Gari D, Venkatapuram P, Adivireddy P. Benzenesulfonic Acid: A Versatile Catalyst for the Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes as Antioxidants. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pulla Reddy Simha
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Venkateswara University; Tirupati 517 502 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Madhu Sekhar Mangali
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Venkateswara University; Tirupati 517 502 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Divya Kuppireddy Gari
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Venkateswara University; Tirupati 517 502 Andhra Pradesh India
| | | | - Padmaja Adivireddy
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Venkateswara University; Tirupati 517 502 Andhra Pradesh India
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3
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Deng JC, Chen WY, Zhu C, Chuang SC. Multicomponent Reactions of Phosphines, Enynedioates and Cinnamaldimines Give γ-Lactams with a 1,3,5-Hexatriene Moiety for Facile 6π Electrocyclization: Access to Oxindoles, Isatins and Isoxazolinones. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201401134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Huang J, Mao T, Zhu Q. Copper-Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative C(sp3)-H Amidation of 2-Aminoacetophenones: Efficient Synthesis of Indoline-2,3-diones. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hayashi S, Ueno N, Murase A, Takada J. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of novel and diverse cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors as anti-inflammatory drugs. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014; 29:846-67. [PMID: 24517373 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2013.864650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the pivotal role of cyclooxygenase (COX) in the inflammatory processes, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that suppress COX activities have been used clinically for the treatment of inflammatory diseases/syndromes; however, traditional NSAIDs exhibit serious side-effects such as gastrointestinal damage and hyper sensitivity owing to their COX-1 inhibition. Also, COX-2 inhibition-derived suppressive or preventive effects against initiation/proliferation/invasion/motility/recurrence/metastasis of various cancers/tumours such as colon, gastric, skin, lung, liver, pancreas, breast, prostate, cervical and ovarian cancers are significant. In this study, design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of various novel {2-[(2-, 3- and/or 4-substituted)-benzoyl, (bicyclic heterocycloalkanophenyl)carbonyl or cycloalkanecarbonyl]-(5- or 6-substituted)-1H-indol-3-yl}acetic acid analogues were investigated to seek and identify various chemotypes of potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, resulting in the discovery of orally potent agents in the peripheral-inflammation model rats. The SARs and physicochemical properties for the analogues are described as significant findings. For graphical abstract: see Supplementary Material. ( www.informahealthcare.com/enz ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Hayashi
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Nagoya Laboratories, Pfizer Japan Inc. , Taketoyo, Aichi , Japan
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6
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Boominathan M, Nagaraj M, Muthusubramanian S, Bhuvanesh N. Three component synthesis of 2-oxindole via sequential Michael addition, intramolecular cyclization and aromatization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02091j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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7
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Synthesis and biological screening of 5-(alkyl(1H-indol-3-yl))-2-(substituted)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles as antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 66:91-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Hayashi S, Ueno N, Murase A, Nakagawa Y, Takada J. Novel acid-type cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and structure–activity relationship for anti-inflammatory drug. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 50:179-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hayashi S, Sumi Y, Ueno N, Murase A, Takada J. Discovery of a novel COX-2 inhibitor as an orally potent anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory drug: Design, synthesis, and structure–activity relationship. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:755-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lai Y, Ma L, Huang W, Yu X, Zhang Y, Ji H, Tian J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-[4-(amino/methylsulfonyl)phenyl]methylene-indolin-2-one derivatives as novel COX-1/2 and 5-LOX inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7349-53. [PMID: 21055929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen new 3-[4-(amino/methylsulfonyl)phenyl]methylene-indolin-2-one derivatives were synthesized. Six compounds displayed potent inhibitory activities against COX-1/2 and 5-LOX with IC(50) in the range of 0.10-9.87 μM. Particularly, 10f exhibited well balanced inhibitory action on these enzymes (IC(50)=0.10-0.56 μM). More importantly, 10f and several other compounds had comparable or stronger anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, but better gastric tolerability in vivo, as compared with darbufelone mesilate and tenidap sodium. Therefore, our findings may aid in the design of new and safe anti-inflammatory reagents for the intervention of painful inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis at clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Lai
- Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Cole DC, Gross JL, Comery TA, Aschmies S, Hirst WD, Kelley C, Kim JI, Kubek K, Ning X, Platt BJ, Robichaud AJ, Solvibile WR, Stock JR, Tawa G, Williams MJ, Ellingboe JW. Benzimidazole- and indole-substituted 1,3′-bipyrrolidine benzamides as histamine H3 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1237-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Design and synthesis of 3-[3-(substituted phenyl)-4-piperidin-1-ylmethyl/-4-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-4,5-dihydro-isoxazol-5-yl]-1H-indoles as potent anti-inflammatory agents. Med Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rani P, Srivastava VK, Kumar A. Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of heterocyclic indole derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2004; 39:449-52. [PMID: 15110970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2003.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2003] [Revised: 11/06/2003] [Accepted: 11/06/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones of indole 1-5 and their corresponding products; pyrazolines 6-10 and azo compounds 11-15 were synthesised and evaluated for their antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan induced oedema in albino rats at a dose of 50 mg x kg(-1) oral. The structure of compounds was confirmed by IR, (1)H-NMR and mass spectral data. All the compounds of this series showed promising antiinflammatory activity. The most active compound of this series is 3-[1-acetyl-5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-pyrazolin-3-yl]indole (7) was found to be most potent, which has shown higher percent of inhibition of oedema, lower ulcerogenic liability and acute toxicity than the standard drug phenylbutazone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Rani
- Department of Pharmacology, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, U.P.-250004, India
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14
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Ayral X, Mackillop N, Genant HK, Kirkpatrick J, Beaulieu A, Pippingskiöld P, Will RK, Alava S, Dougados M. Arthroscopic evaluation of potential structure-modifying drug in osteoarthritis of the knee. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind comparison of tenidap sodium vs piroxicam. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2003; 11:198-207. [PMID: 12623291 DOI: 10.1016/s1063-4584(02)00353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that tenidap has a structure-modifying effect in human knee osteoarthritis. DESIGN STUDY multicenter, prospective, randomized, double blind, 1 year duration. PATIENTS primary painful knee osteoarthritis (ACR criteria) of the medial tibiofemoral compartment, medial joint space width > or =2mm, at least 10% of one cartilage surface of the medial compartment affected by superficial fibrillation or worse at baseline arthroscopy. STUDY MEDICATION: once daily dosage of either tenidap 40 mg, tenidap 120 mg or piroxicam 20mg. STUDY ENDPOINTS: bilateral extended weight-bearing X-rays and knee arthroscopy under local anaesthesia were done at entry and after 1 year. Joint space width was measured in millimeters at the narrowest point of the medial compartment. Chondropathy was scored by using reader's overall assessment (VAS score, 100mm) and Société Française d'Arthroscopie (SFA) score (0-100). RESULTS Patients (665) were randomized and 494 completed the study. After 1 year, intra-group radiological changes and radiological difference between both tenidap groups and the piroxicam group did not reach statistical significance. The intra-group arthroscopic deterioration of chondropathy was low, but statistically significant in the three study groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference between both tenidap groups and the piroxicam group. CONCLUSIONS This study failed to demonstrate any difference between the treatment arms with regard to the structural progression of medial knee osteoarthritis as measured by radiography and arthroscopy. Arthroscopy did, however, appears to be more sensitive in detecting disease progression than the weight-bearing radiographs with fully extended knees. This study shows that it is possible to complete a large international trial using arthroscopy as an outcome measure of articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ayral
- Service de Rhumatologie B, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
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Lavigne P, Shi Q, Jolicoeur FC, Pelletier JP, Martel-Pelletier J, Fernandes JC. Modulation of IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and PGE(2) by pharmacological agents in explants of membranes from failed total hip replacement. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2002; 10:898-904. [PMID: 12435335 DOI: 10.1053/joca.2002.0846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction and goal Proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) play an important role in the pathophysiology of osteolysis and implant loosening. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of pharmacological agents in the inhibition of Interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and PGE(2) in explants of interface membranes from failed total hip replacements (fTHR). Material and methods Membranes from fTHR were retrieved (N=20) and explants were incubated for 72h in the absence or presence of tenidap at three different concentrations (5, 20 or 50 microg/ml) or diclofenac (125 microg/l). IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and PGE(2) levels were measured in the culture medium using ELISA Capture or EIA kits. Statistical analysis was done using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results A statistically significant inhibition in IL-1beta synthesis was found at tenidap concentrations of 20 microg/ml (71.3%, P< 0.05) and 50 microg/ml (79.3%,P< 0.02). Tenidap reduced IL-6 levels by 90.4% at 20 microg/ml (P< 0.005) and 96.0% (P< 0.05) at 50 microg/ml. Tenidap also reduced the synthesis of TNF-alpha by 66.9% (P< 0.05) and 77.4% at concentrations of 20 microg/ml and 50 microg/ml. Tenidap had a marked suppressive effect of over 90% (P< 0.0001) on PGE(2) synthesis in all three concentrations. Diclofenac (125 microg/l) decreased PGE(2) production by 95% (P< 0.0001), but had no significant effect in IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels in the culture medium. Conclusion The ability to simultaneously suppress the release of proinflammatory cytokines and PGE(2) may help control osteolysis and prevent aseptic loosening of THR. This effect could increase implant longevity and lead the way to the pharmacological treatment of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lavigne
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Quebec, Canada
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Doherty NS, Littman BH, Reilly K, Swindell AC, Buss JM, Anderson NL. Analysis of changes in acute-phase plasma proteins in an acute inflammatory response and in rheumatoid arthritis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 1998; 19:355-63. [PMID: 9548303 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150190234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2-D) gel analysis was used to examine differences in the levels of 19 plasma proteins: before and after an acute inflammatory reaction (parenteral typhoid vaccination) in normal subjects, between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and normals and in RA patients treated with tenidap (120 mg) and piroxicam (20 mg). Typhoid vaccination increased levels of SAA, haptoglobin alpha1, haptoglobin alpha2, haptoglobin beta and alpha1-anti-chymotrypsin but decreased transthyretin and apolipoprotein E. In RA patients, serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin alpha2, haptoglobin beta, alpha1-antichymotrypsin and C3 proactivator levels were elevated while apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-IV, transthyretin, Gc-globulin, alpha2-HS glycoprotein, alpha2-macroglobulin and alpha1-B glycoprotein levels were decreased, compared to normals. Compared to piroxicam, tenidap lowered levels of alpha1-antiprotease and SAA but raised the levels of transthyretin, Gc-globulin, alpha2-HS-glycoprotein and alpha2-macroglobulin in RA patients. C-reactive protein (CRP) could not be quantified on 2-D gels but, when measured by rate nephelometry, levels were reduced after treatment with tenidap compared to piroxicam. The general pattern of the acute phase protein response to an acute inflammatory response to typhoid vaccination is similar to that in the chronic inflammatory condition, RA. The impact of tenidap on both positive and negative acute-phase proteins in RA patients could clearly be distinguished from that of piroxicam.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Doherty
- Pfizer Inc., Central Research Division, Groton, CT, USA
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H3 receptor modulation of the release of neurotransmitters in vivo. PHARMACOCHEMISTRY LIBRARY 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-7208(98)80023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Guzdek A, Rokita H, Cichy J, Allison AC, Koj A. Rooperol tetraacetate decreases cytokine mRNA levels and binding capacity of transcription factors in U937 cells. Mediators Inflamm 1998; 7:13-8. [PMID: 9839693 PMCID: PMC1781819 DOI: 10.1080/09629359891324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously described inhibition of the synthesis of three acute-phase inflammatory cytokines in human and rat macrophages by acetate esters of rooperol, a dicatechol of plant origin. Analysing the mechanism of anticytokine activity of rooperol, we compared levels of TNFalpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 mRNAs in the human promonocytic U937 cell line pretreated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and incubated with rooperol tetraacetate (RTA) alone or in combination with LPS (500 ng/ml). It was found that 10 microM RTA decreased the levels of cytokine mRNAs both in the presence and absence of LPS, suggesting pretranslational inhibition of cytokine synthesis. Electrophoretic mobility shift analysis (EMSA) showed that RTA may influence cytokine mRNA expression by decreasing the binding activity of transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guzdek
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Riendeau D, Charleson S, Cromlish W, Mancini JA, Wong E, Guay J. Comparison of the cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitory properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and selective COX-2 inhibitors, using sensitive microsomal and platelet assays. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1997. [DOI: 10.1139/y97-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Otterness IG, Daumy GO, Gollaher MG, Downs JT, Zuzel TJ, Bliven ML, Merenda JM. Determining selectivity of drugs by quantitative two-dimensional gel analysis. A study of tenidap, piroxicam, and dexamethasone. Biochem Pharmacol 1996; 52:917-25. [PMID: 8781511 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(96)00448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In vitro pharmacologic measures of drug specificity are well established, i.e. drug interaction with a specific target such as an enzyme, receptor, or ion channel. However, in vitro measures of drug selectivity, defined as effects on secondary targets, are lacking. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D gel) was examined as a measure of drug selectivity by comparing the effects of three drugs, tenidap, piroxicam, and dexamethasone, on the synthesis of intracellular proteins in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages. A set of 902 35S-methionine-labeled proteins were separated consistently, identified by their coordinates of apparent isoelectric point and molecular weight, and quantified. LPS altered the concentrations of 45 proteins. Tenidap, at 10 microM, affected a total of five proteins (suppressed three; stimulated two), whereas piroxicam, at 10 microM, suppressed two proteins. Dexamethasone at 0.01 microM suppressed eight proteins and stimulated one. Thus, none of the drugs reversed the LPS-induced changes. Two of the eight proteins suppressed by dexamethasone were also suppressed by tenidap and were identified as proIL-1 alpha and proIL-1 beta. Since the subset of affected proteins provided a unique protein "fingerprint" for each drug, the three drugs were mechanistically differentiated by 2-D gel analysis. Compared to LPS (5% affected proteins), all three drugs were selective (< or = 1% affected) with piroxicam > tenidap > dexamethasone. With identification of affected proteins, this technique can provide a useful in vitro assessment of drug selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G Otterness
- Department of Cancer, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT 06340, USA
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