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Sareyyüpoğlu B, Uzar S, Saraç F, Enül H, Adıay C, Çokçalışkan C, Arslan A, Öztap G, Gülyaz V. Immune response against lumpy skin disease after simultaneous vaccination of cattle with sheep pox and goatpox and foot and mouth disease vaccines. Vet Microbiol 2023; 281:109726. [PMID: 37054661 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) and Lumpy skin disease (LSD) are contagious viral diseases that cause significant economic damage in the livestock industry of countries. Cattle are vaccinated two times a year with FMD and sheep pox and goat pox vaccines (SGP) within 30-day intervals to combat both diseases in Türkiye. However, vaccinations in different periods increase vaccination costs, labor, and distress on animals. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the effects of simultaneous vaccination of FMD and SGP vaccines on the immunity against LSD and FMD in cattle. For this purpose, animals were divided into 4 groups; SGP vaccinated group (Group 1, n = 10), FMD vaccinated group (Group 2, n = 10), FMD and SGP simultaneously vaccinated group (Group 3, n = 10), and the unvaccinated control group (Group 4, n = 6). Blood samples were collected and analyzed to detect the antibody response against the LSD via Capripoxvirus (CaPV) ELISA and FMD by Virus Neutralisation test (VNT) and Liquid Phase Blocking ELISA (LPBE). A live virus challenge study was performed to determine the immune response against LSD. The mean antibody titers were determined protective levels on 28 days post vaccination (DPV) against FMDV serotypes O and A, respectively. The logarithmic difference of skin lesions was calculated log10 titer > 2.5. LSD genome could not be detected in the blood, eyes, and nose swap samples of the challenged animals on the 15th day via PCR. In conclusion, adequate protective immune response was provided against LSD when the SGP and FMD vaccines were used simultaneously in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serdar Uzar
- Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Fahriye Saraç
- Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Hakan Enül
- Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Cumhur Adıay
- Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | | | | | - Gonca Öztap
- Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate Food and Control, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Veli Gülyaz
- Harran University Veterinary Faculty Department of Virology, Sanlıurfa, Turkiye
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The Effects of Simultaneous Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Escherichia coli Vaccination on the Immunity of Pregnant Cows and Their Calves. Prev Vet Med 2022; 204:105645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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KUMAR YOGESH, SINGH AJAYPRATAP, SINGH RASHMI. Serological response against foot-and-mouth disease virus to FMD-haemorrhagic septicaemia-black quarter combined vaccine and FMD vaccine alone in sheep and goat. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i2.98762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease is subclinical in small ruminants and they may play role in spread of disease. Presently, they are not included in vaccination coverage in India under FMD-control programme. A total of 43 animals including sheep (16) and goat (27) were used for vaccination study by combined vaccine (FMD, HS and BQ) and FMD vaccine alone. Humoral immune response was evaluated by monitoring serum antibody titres against FMDV serotypes O, A and Asia 1 on 30, 60, 90 dpv. In both vaccinated groups, peak antibody titre for all 3 serotypes was obtained on 30 dpv, it remained constant up to day 60 and after that there was gradual decrease at 90 dpv. As in both groups there was no significant difference and protective titre remained upto 90 dpv, use of combined vaccine can be suggested as cost effective strategy.
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Çokçalışkan C, Tuncer Göktuna P, Türkoğlu T, Uzunlu E, Gündüzalp C, Uzun EA, Sareyyüpoğlu B, Kürkçü A, Gülyaz V. Effect of simultaneous administration of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and anthrax vaccines on antibody response to FMD in sheep. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2019; 8:103-109. [PMID: 31406691 PMCID: PMC6689499 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2019.8.2.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and anthrax are important diseases in sheep. Vaccination is a favorable strategy against both infections. Simultaneous administration of vaccines does generally not impede the immune responses of each other, although there are some exceptions, and it may help reduce the labor and costs of vaccination as well as distress on animals. Although oil adjuvant FMD vaccine has been tried with live anthrax vaccine in cattle, there are no reports on the simultaneous use of both vaccines in sheep. Materials and Methods In this study, FMD seronegative sheep were used to investigate the impact of the simultaneous vaccination of FMD and anthrax on FMD antibody titers of sheep. Virus neutralization test and liquid phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to determine the antibody response to the FMD vaccine. Results The results demonstrated that both vaccines can be used simultaneously without any interference with the FMD response. Moreover, the simultaneous administration with anthrax vaccine had a stimulating effect on the early (day 7 post-vaccination) virus neutralization antibody response to the FMD vaccine. Conclusion The simultaneous use of the FMD and anthrax vaccines did not hinder the response to the FMD vaccine in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Çokçalışkan
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Tuncer Göktuna
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tunçer Türkoğlu
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ergün Uzunlu
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ceylan Gündüzalp
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eylem Aras Uzun
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beyhan Sareyyüpoğlu
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayça Kürkçü
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Veli Gülyaz
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Foot and Mouth Disease (SAP), Ankara, Turkey
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Elnekave E, Dekker A, Eble P, van Hemert-Kluitenberg F, Gelman B, Storm N, Klement E. The serological response against foot and mouth disease virus elicited by repeated vaccination of dairy cattle. Vaccine 2016; 34:4920-4926. [PMID: 27576078 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In Israel, cattle are annually vaccinated against foot and mouth disease (FMD). If infections with FMD virus occur in dairy farms it mainly involves heifers and calves, while older dairy cows seldom become infected. We hypothesized that this difference in susceptibility between adult cows and the young heifers and calves is due to stronger and more stable immune response elicited by multiple vaccinations. In order to test this hypothesis, 99 dairy cattle, divided into six groups according to number of prior vaccinations, were annually vaccinated with a trivalent vaccine (A, O and Asia-1) and followed during two consecutive years. In total 988 sera were sampled at 11 time points. Virus neutralization tests (VNT) were performed in order to determine the neutralizing antibody titers (NAT) against the vaccine homologous serotypes: O-4625, O-Manisa, Asia-1-Shamir and the heterologous serotype A-Turkey-20/2006. A similar NAT pattern was observed to all serotypes and therefore statistical analysis was restricted to O-4625 serotype. In the 'high vaccination' groups (cows that were vaccinated at least four times before the study), high NAT were found on the beginning of the trial and no or only a mild increase of NAT was observed following further vaccinations. Additionally, in the 'high vaccination' groups, the percentage of cows that had a NAT higher than 2.0 (log10) by the end of the 1st year was significantly higher than in the 'low vaccination' groups (cows vaccinated only three times or less before the study). We conclude that starting from the 5th vaccination, the NAT increase following vaccination is mild and NAT are persistent, suggesting reduction of the frequency of routine vaccination after multiple vaccinations is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Elnekave
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Aldo Dekker
- Central Veterinary Institute, Part of Wageningen UR, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Phaedra Eble
- Central Veterinary Institute, Part of Wageningen UR, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Nick Storm
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan, Israel
| | - Eyal Klement
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Dhikusooka MT, Ayebazibwe C, Namatovu A, Belsham GJ, Siegismund HR, Wekesa SN, Balinda SN, Muwanika VB, Tjørnehøj K. Unrecognized circulation of SAT 1 foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle herds around Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:5. [PMID: 26739166 PMCID: PMC4704403 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Uganda in spite of the control measures used. Various aspects of the maintenance and circulation of FMD viruses (FMDV) in Uganda are not well understood; these include the role of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) as a reservoir for FMDV. To better understand the epidemiology of FMD at the livestock-wildlife-interface, samples were collected from young, unvaccinated cattle from 24 pastoral herds that closely interact with wildlife around Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda, and analysed for evidence of FMDV infection. Results In total, 37 (15 %) of 247 serum samples had detectable antibodies against FMDV non-structural proteins (NSPs) using a pan-serotypic assay. Within these 37 sera, antibody titres ≥ 80 against the structural proteins of serotypes O, SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3 were detected by ELISA in 5, 7, 4 and 3 samples, respectively, while neutralizing antibodies were only detected against serotype O in 3 samples. Two FMDV isolates, with identical VP1 coding sequences, were obtained from probang samples from clinically healthy calves from the same herd and are serotype SAT 1 (topotype IV (EA-I)). Based on the VP1 coding sequences, these viruses are distinct from previous cattle and buffalo SAT 1 FMDV isolates obtained from the same area (19–30 % nucleotide difference) and from the vaccine strain (TAN/155/71) used within Uganda (26 % nucleotide difference). Eight herds had only one or a few animals with antibodies against FMDV NSPs while six herds had more substantial evidence of prior infection with FMDV. There was no evidence for exposure to FMDV in the other ten herds. Conclusions The two identical SAT 1 FMDV VP1 sequences are distinct from former buffalo and cattle isolates from the same area, thus, transmission between buffalo and cattle was not demonstrated. These new SAT 1 FMDV isolates differed significantly from the vaccine strain used to control Ugandan FMD outbreaks, indicating a need for vaccine matching studies. Only six herds had clear serological evidence for exposure to O and SAT 1 FMDV. Scattered presence of antibodies against FMDV in other herds may be due to the occasional introduction of animals to the area or maternal antibodies from past infection and/or vaccination. The evidence for asymptomatic FMDV infection has implications for disease control strategies in the area since this obstructs early disease detection that is based on clinical signs in FMDV infected animals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-015-0616-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Tefula Dhikusooka
- National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, P. O. Box 513, Entebbe, Uganda.
| | - Chrisostom Ayebazibwe
- National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, P. O. Box 513, Entebbe, Uganda.
| | - Alice Namatovu
- National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, P. O. Box 513, Entebbe, Uganda. .,Department of Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Graham J Belsham
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lindholm, Kalvehave, DK 4771, Denmark.
| | - Hans Redlef Siegismund
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Sabenzia Nabalayo Wekesa
- Foot-and-Mouth Disease Laboratory, Ministry of Livestock Development, P. O. Box 18021, Embakasi, Nairobi, Kenya. .,Department of Environmental Management, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Sheila Nina Balinda
- Department of Environmental Management, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Vincent B Muwanika
- Department of Environmental Management, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Kirsten Tjørnehøj
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lindholm, Kalvehave, DK 4771, Denmark.
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Park JH. Requirements for improved vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease epidemics. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2013; 2:8-18. [PMID: 23596585 PMCID: PMC3623506 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2013.2.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivated foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines are currently used worldwide. With the emergence of various FMD virus serotypes and subtypes, vaccines must become more suitable for field-based uses under the current circumstances in terms of the fast and proper selection of vaccine strains, an extended vaccine development period for new viruses, protecting against the risk of virus leakage during vaccine manufacture, counteracting the delayed onset of immune response, counteracting shorter durations of immunity, and the accurate serological differentiation of infected and vaccinated animals and multiple vaccination. The quality of vaccines should then be improved to effectively control FMD outbreaks and minimize the problems that can arise among livestock after vaccinations. Vaccine improvement should be based on using attenuated virus strains with high levels of safety. Moreover, when vaccines are urgently required for newly spread field strains, the seed viruses for new vaccines should be developed for only a short period. Improved vaccines should offer superior immunization to all susceptible animals including cattle and swine. In addition, they should have highly protective effects without persistent infection. In this way, if vaccines are developed using new methods such as reverse genetics or vector vaccine technology, in which live viruses can be easily made by replacing specific protective antigens, even a single vaccination is likely to generate highly protective effects with an extended duration of immunity, and the safety and stability of the vaccines will be assured. We therefore reviewed the current FMD vaccines and their adjuvants, and evaluated if they provide superior immunization to all susceptible animals including cattle and swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal, Plant, and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Doel
- Merial Animal Health Ltd, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, UK
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Stevenson P, Rossiter PB, Munga L, Ndung'u EK, Dolan RB. Rinderpest vaccination and the incidence and development of trypanosomosis in cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 1999; 31:65-73. [PMID: 10371005 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005151305364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An investigation was made into whether recent vaccination of cattle with tissue culture rinderpest virus would cause immunosuppression and lead to more frequent or more severe infection with trypanosomes in animals grazing in tsetse-infested areas. Herds of cattle on Galana Ranch in Kenya were divided, with approximately half of each herd being vaccinated with tissue culture rinderpest virus strain Kabete 'O', while the rest remained unvaccinated. The herds were then exposed to the risk of natural infection with trypanosomes on the ranch. Three experiments were performed during different seasons. Infections with Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax were frequently detected but there was no evidence that vaccinated animals were more likely to acquire trypanosome infections or to show a more severe disease than unvaccinated cattle. It is concluded that tissue culture rinderpest vaccine does not cause immunosuppression and can safely be used in cattle likely to be exposed to tsetse flies and trypanosomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Stevenson
- Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute, Kikuyu, Kenya
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