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Perito ER, Pohl JF, Bakker C, Armfield MA, Barth B, Cuneo A, Mascarenhas M, Mehta M, Schwarzenberg SJ. Outpatient Pain Management in Children With Chronic Pancreatitis: A Scoping Systematic Review. Pancreas 2022; 51:135-147. [PMID: 35404888 PMCID: PMC9009154 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although pain management is central to pediatric chronic pancreatitis (CP) care, no evidence-based guidelines exist. In this scoping systematic review, we sought promising strategies for CP pain treatment in children. METHODS We systematically reviewed literature on pain management in children and adults with CP, and 2 conditions with similar pain courses: juvenile idiopathic arthritis and sickle cell disease. RESULTS Of 8997 studies identified, 287 met inclusion criteria. There are no published studies of analgesic medications, antioxidants, dietary modification, integrative medicine, or regional nerve blocks in children with CP. In adults with CP, studies of nonopioid analgesics, pancreatic enzymes, and dietary interventions have mixed results. Retrospective studies suggest that endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and surgical procedures, most durably total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplant, improve pain for children with CP. Follow-up was short relative to a child's life. Large studies in adults also suggest benefit from endoscopic therapy and surgery, but lack conclusive evidence about optimal procedure or timing. Studies on other painful pediatric chronic illnesses revealed little generalizable to children with CP. CONCLUSIONS No therapy had sufficient high-quality studies to warrant untempered, evidence-based support for use in children with CP. Multicenter studies are needed to identify pain management "best practices."
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Perito
- From the Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - John F Pohl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Matthew A Armfield
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Bradley Barth
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX
| | - Addison Cuneo
- From the Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Maria Mascarenhas
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia/University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Megha Mehta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern and Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX
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Clark NF, Taylor-Robinson AW. COVID-19 Therapy: Could a Chlorophyll Derivative Promote Cellular Accumulation of Zn 2+ Ions to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 RNA Synthesis? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1270. [PMID: 32922431 PMCID: PMC7457044 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole F. Clark
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Andrew W. Taylor-Robinson
- Infectious Diseases Research Group, School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Richter P, Krüger M, Prasad B, Gastiger S, Bodenschatz M, Wieder F, Burkovski A, Geißdörfer W, Lebert M, Strauch SM. Using Colistin as a Trojan Horse: Inactivation of Gram-Negative Bacteria with Chlorophyllin. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:E158. [PMID: 31547053 PMCID: PMC6963628 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin (polymyxin E) is a membrane-destabilizing antibiotic used against Gram-negative bacteria. We have recently reported that the outer membrane prevents the uptake of antibacterial chlorophyllin into Gram-negative cells. In this study, we used sub-toxic concentrations of colistin to weaken this barrier for a combination treatment of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with chlorophyllin. In the presence of 0.25 µg/mL colistin, chlorophyllin was able to inactivate both bacteria strains at concentrations of 5-10 mg/L for E. coli and 0.5-1 mg/L for S. Typhimurium, which showed a higher overall susceptibility to chlorophyllin treatment. In accordance with a previous study, chlorophyllin has proven antibacterial activity both as a photosensitizer, illuminated with 12 mW/cm2, and in darkness. Our data clearly confirmed the relevance of the outer membrane in protection against xenobiotics. Combination treatment with colistin broadens chlorophyllin's application spectrum against Gram-negatives and gives rise to the assumption that chlorophyllin together with cell membrane-destabilizing substances may become a promising approach in bacteria control. Furthermore, we demonstrated that colistin acts as a door opener even for the photodynamic inactivation of colistin-resistant (mcr-1-positive) E. coli cells by chlorophyllin, which could help us to overcome this antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Richter
- Cell Biology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Binod Prasad
- Cell Biology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Susanne Gastiger
- Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Mona Bodenschatz
- Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Florian Wieder
- Cell Biology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Andreas Burkovski
- Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Walter Geißdörfer
- Microbiological Diagnostics, Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Erlangen, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michael Lebert
- Cell Biology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstraße 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Sebastian M Strauch
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10, Joinville 89219-710, Brazil.
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What an Escherichia coli Mutant Can Teach Us About the Antibacterial Effect of Chlorophyllin. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7020059. [PMID: 30813305 PMCID: PMC6406390 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing development of antibiotic resistances in recent years, scientists search intensely for new methods to control bacteria. Photodynamic treatment with porphyrins such as chlorophyll derivatives is one of the most promising methods to handle bacterial infestation, but their use is dependent on illumination and they seem to be more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negatives. In this study, we tested chlorophyllin against three bacterial model strains, the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis 168, the Gram-negative Escherichia coli DH5α and E. coli strain NR698 which has a deficient outer membrane, simulating a Gram-negative "without" its outer membrane. Illuminated with a standardized light intensity of 12 mW/cm², B. subtilis showed high sensitivity already at low chlorophyllin concentrations (≤10⁵ cfu/mL: ≤0.1 mg/L, 10⁶⁻10⁸ cfu/mL: 0.5 mg/L), whereas E. coli DH5α was less sensitive (≤10⁵ cfu/mL: 2.5 mg/L, 10⁶ cfu/mL: 5 mg/L, 10⁷⁻10⁸ cfu/mL: ineffective at ≤25 mg/L chlorophyllin). E. coli NR698 was almost as sensitive as B. subtilis against chlorophyllin, pointing out that the outer membrane plays a significant role in protection against photodynamic chlorophyllin impacts. Interestingly, E. coli NR698 and B. subtilis can also be inactivated by chlorophyllin in darkness, indicating a second, light-independent mode of action. Thus, chlorophyllin seems to be more than a photosensitizer, and a promising substance for the control of bacteria, which deserves further investigation.
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Yaakob Z, Ali E, Zainal A, Mohamad M, Takriff MS. An overview: biomolecules from microalgae for animal feed and aquaculture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:6. [PMID: 25984489 PMCID: PMC4376511 DOI: 10.1186/2241-5793-21-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite being more popular for biofuel, microalgae have gained a lot of attention as a source of biomolecules and biomass for feed purposes. Algae farming can be established using land as well as sea and strategies can be designed in order to gain the products of specific interest in the optimal way. A general overview of the contributions of Algae to meet the requirements of nutrients in animal/aquaculture feed is presented in this study. In addition to its applications in animal/aquaculture feed, algae can produce a number of biomolecules including astaxanthin, lutein, beta-carotene, chlorophyll, phycobiliprotein, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs), beta-1,3-glucan, and pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds which have been reviewed with respect to their commercial importance and current status. The review is further extended to highlight the adequate utilization of value added products in the feeds for livestock, poultry and aquaculture (with emphasis in shrimp farming).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahira Yaakob
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Ehsan Ali
- Centre for Energy Systems, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Afifi Zainal
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Masita Mohamad
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sobri Takriff
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia
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Ulbricht C, Bramwell R, Catapang M, Giese N, Isaac R, Le TD, Montalbano J, Tanguay-Colucci S, Trelour NJ, Weissner W, Windsor RC, Wortley J, Yoon H, Zeolla MM. An Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Chlorophyll by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J Diet Suppl 2014; 11:198-239. [DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2013.859853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Yoshida A, Yokono O, Oda T. The effects of intravenously administered chlorophyll-A on naturally occurring serum protease inhibitors in rabbits. GASTROENTEROLOGIA JAPONICA 1980; 15:41-8. [PMID: 7358259 DOI: 10.1007/bf02773703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Effects of intravenously administered protease inhibitors on naturally occurring serum inhibitors were investigated in rabbits. Water-dispersed chlorophyll-a, trasylol and leupeptin were tested as exogenous protease inhibitors in the experiments. From the results of experiments, it was concluded that: 1) Pretreatment with chlorophyll-a infusion into rabbits, most effectively prevented the rapid consumption of naturally occurring serum protease inhibitors after successive trypsin infusion, and the duration of its action was observed longest when compared with other exogenous inhibitors, such as trasylol or leupeptin. 2) Final therapeutic effects of these exogenous protease inhibitors seem to have depended upon the disappearing way of the administered inhibitors from the blood in certain period of time, as well as upon biochemical potency of their inhibiting activity.
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