1
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Khan TA, Bhar K, Samanta R, Bhatt S, Singh M, Rani R, Kumar V, Sharma AK. A bis-quinoline ruthenium(II) arene complex with submicromolar cytotoxicity in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1579-1582. [PMID: 38224119 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
A new Ru(II) arene chlorido organometallic complex [(η6-p-cymene)(L)RuCl]PF6 (named as pCYRuL) using 2-bis(quinolin-2-ylmethylene) hydrazine (L) was developed that exhibits potent anticancer activity against castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) (IC50 = 0.71 μM), and it is 45 times more effective than the standard drug cisplatin (IC50 = 31.3 μM) in a castration-resistant human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line (PC-3) but non-toxic in normal human kidney cells (HK2) as well as normal breast cells (MCF10A) and found that pCYRuL exerted anticancer activity via apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase of PC-3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer A Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
| | - Kishalay Bhar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
| | - Rohit Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
| | - Surabhi Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
| | - Mamta Singh
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
| | - Reshma Rani
- Jubilant Biosys, Greater Noida, UP 201310, India
| | - Vinit Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
| | - Anuj K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, District Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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2
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Nandi PG, Jadi PK, Das K, Prathapa SJ, Mandal BB, Kumar A. Synthesis of NNN Chiral Ruthenium Complexes and Their Cytotoxicity Studies. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7422-7432. [PMID: 33909427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of chiral pincer-ruthenium complexes of the type (R2NNN)RuCl2 (PPh3) (R = 3-methylbutyl and 3,3-dimethylbutyl) is reported here. The cytotoxicity studies of these complexes were studied and compared with the corresponding activity of achiral complexes. The cytotoxic effect of pincer-ruthenium complexes on human dermal fibroblasts and human tongue carcinoma cells assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay displayed an inhibition of normal and cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level measurement, lactate dehydrogenase assay, DNA fragmentation, and necrosis studies revealed that treatment with pincer-ruthenium complexes induced a redox imbalance in SAS cells by upregulating ROS generation and caused necrotic cell death by disrupting the cellular membrane integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pran Gobinda Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Jadi
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Kanu Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | | | - Biman B Mandal
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Akshai Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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3
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Yousuf I, Bashir M. Synthesis, structural investigations, and cytotoxic evaluation of a half‐sandwich Ru(II)‐arene complex. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Masrat Bashir
- Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
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4
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Silvestri S, Cirilli I, Marcheggiani F, Dludla P, Lupidi G, Pettinari R, Marchetti F, Di Nicola C, Falcioni G, Marchini C, Orlando P, Tiano L, Amici A. Evaluation of anticancer role of a novel ruthenium(II)-based compound compared with NAMI-A and cisplatin in impairing mitochondrial functionality and promoting oxidative stress in triple negative breast cancer models. Mitochondrion 2020; 56:25-34. [PMID: 33220497 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Platinum-based compounds are the most widely used anticancer drugs but, their elevated toxicity and chemoresistance has stimulated the study of others, such as ruthenium-based compounds. NAMI-A and UNICAM-1 were tested in vitro, comparing the mechanisms of toxicity, in terms of mitochondrial functionality and cellular oxidative stress. UNICAM-1, showed a clear mitochondrial target and a cytotoxic dose-dependent response thanks to its ability to promote an imbalance of cellular redox status. It impaired directly mitochondrial respiratory chain, promoting mitochondrial superoxide anion production, leading to mitochondrial membrane depolarization. All these aspects, could make UNICAM-1 a valid alternative for chemotherapy treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DISVA-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; Biomedfood srl, Ex-Spinoff of Polytechnic University of Marche, 60125 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DISVA-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DISVA-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi Dludla
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DISVA-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Giulio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Marchetti
- School of Sciences and Technology, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Corrado Di Nicola
- School of Sciences and Technology, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Marchini
- University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DISVA-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, DISVA-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Augusto Amici
- University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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5
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Stephens LJ, Levina A, Trinh I, Blair VL, Werrett MV, Lay PA, Andrews PC. Ruthenium(II)-Arene Thiocarboxylates: Identification of a Stable Dimer Selectively Cytotoxic to Invasive Breast Cancer Cells. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1188-1200. [PMID: 31701616 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RuII -arene complexes provide a versatile scaffold for novel anticancer drugs. Seven new RuII -arene-thiocarboxylato dimers were synthesized and characterized. Three of the complexes (2 a, b and 5) showed promising antiproliferative activities in MDA-MB-231 (human invasive breast cancer) cells, and were further tested in a panel of fifteen cancerous and noncancerous cell lines. Complex 5 showed moderate but remarkably selective activity in MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 =39±4 μm Ru). Real-time proliferation studies showed that 5 induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells but had no effect in A549 (human lung cancer, epithelial) cells. By contrast, 2 a and b showed moderate antiproliferative activity, but no apoptosis, in either cell line. Selective cytotoxicity of 5 in aggressive, mesenchymal-like MDA-MB-231 cells over many common epithelial cancer cell lines (including noninvasive breast cancer MCF-7) makes it an attractive lead compound for the development of specifically antimetastatic Ru complexes with low systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J Stephens
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 14 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Eastern Avenue, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Iman Trinh
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 14 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Victoria L Blair
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 14 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Melissa V Werrett
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 14 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Peter A Lay
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Eastern Avenue, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Philip C Andrews
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 14 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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6
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Pötsch I, Baier D, Keppler BK, Berger W. Challenges and Chances in the Preclinical to Clinical Translation of Anticancer Metallodrugs. METAL-BASED ANTICANCER AGENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788016452-00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite being “sentenced to death” for quite some time, anticancer platinum compounds are still the most frequently prescribed cancer therapies in the oncological routine and recent exciting news from late-stage clinical studies on combinations of metallodrugs with immunotherapies suggest that this situation will not change soon. It is perhaps surprising that relatively simple molecules like cisplatin, discovered over 50 years ago, are still widely used clinically, while none of the highly sophisticated metal compounds developed over the last decade, including complexes with targeting ligands and multifunctional (nano)formulations, have managed to obtain clinical approval. In this book chapter, we summarize the current status of ongoing clinical trials for anticancer metal compounds and discuss the reasons for previous failures, as well as new opportunities for the clinical translation of metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pötsch
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
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7
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Huang YC, Haribabu J, Chien CM, Sabapathi G, Chou CK, Karvembu R, Venuvanalingam P, Ching WM, Tsai ML, Hsu SCN. Half-sandwich Ru(η 6-p-cymene) complexes featuring pyrazole appended ligands: Synthesis, DNA binding and in vitro cytotoxicity. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 194:74-84. [PMID: 30831392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes have emerged as potential alternatives to platinum appended agents due to their wide range of interesting features such as stability in solution and solid, significant activity, less toxicity and hydrophobic property of arene moiety, etc. Hence, a series of Ru(II)-p-cymene complexes, [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(η2-N,N-L1)Cl]Cl (1), [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(η1-N-L2)Cl2] (2) and [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(η1-N-L3)Cl2] (3) were prepared from pyrazole based ligands [2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (L1), 3-(furan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (L2) and 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (L3)], and [RuCl2-(η6-p-cymene)] dimer. The new Ru(II)-p-cymene complexes were well characterized by elemental analysis, and spectroscopic (FT-IR, UV-Visible, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass) and crystallographic methods. The Ru(II)-p-cymene complexes (1-3) were found to adopt their characteristic piano stool geometry around Ru(II) ion. The calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) binding ability of the new complexes was investigated by electronic absorption spectroscopic titration and viscosity methods. The molecular docking study results showed that complex 1 strongly bound with targeted biomolecules than 2 and 3. Docked poses of bidentate pyrazole based Ru(II)-p-cymene complex 1 revealed that the complex formed a crucial guanine N7 position hydrogen bond with DNA receptor. Complexes 1-3 might hydrolyze under physiological conditions and form aqua complexes 4-8, and docking calculations showed that the aqua complexes bound strongly with the receptors than original complexes. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the Ru(II)-p-cymene complexes and cisplatin was evaluated against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results showed that the inhibitory effect of bidentate pyrazole based Ru(II)-p-cymene complex 1 on the growth of breast cancer cells was superior to other tested complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chung Huang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - Ching-Ming Chien
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Gopal Sabapathi
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Chon-Kit Chou
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - Ponnambalam Venuvanalingam
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Wei-Min Ching
- Instrumentation Center, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Li Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Sodio C N Hsu
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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8
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Yousuf I, Arjmand F, Tabassum S, Ahmad M. Design and synthesis of a DNA intercalative half-sandwich organoruthenium( ii)–chromone complex: cytotoxicity evaluation and topoisomerase Iα inhibition assay. NEW J CHEM 2019; 43:5475-5487. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
A half-sandwich organoruthenium(ii)–chromone complex acts as a potential topoisomerase I inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202002
- India
| | - Farukh Arjmand
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202002
- India
| | - Sartaj Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202002
- India
| | - Musheer Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202002
- India
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9
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Meier-Menches SM, Gerner C, Berger W, Hartinger CG, Keppler BK. Structure-activity relationships for ruthenium and osmium anticancer agents - towards clinical development. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:909-928. [PMID: 29170783 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00332c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer metallodrugs based on ruthenium and osmium are among the most investigated and advanced non-platinum metallodrugs. Inorganic drug discovery with these agents has undergone considerable advances over the past two decades and has currently two representatives in active clinical trials. As many ruthenium and osmium metallodrugs are prodrugs, a key question to be addressed is how the molecular reactivity of such metal-based therapeutics dictates the selectivity and the type of interaction with molecular targets. Within this frame, this review introduces the field by the examples of the most advanced ruthenium lead structures. Then, global structure-activity relationships are discussed for ruthenium and osmium metallodrugs with respect to in vitro antiproliferative/cytotoxic activity and in vivo tumor-inhibiting properties, as well as pharmacokinetics. Determining and validating global mechanisms of action and molecular targets are still major current challenges. Moreover, significant efforts must be invested in screening in vivo tumor models that mimic human pathophysiology to increase the predictability for successful preclinical and clinical development of ruthenium and osmium metallodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Meier-Menches
- University of Vienna, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Waehringer Str. 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Zeng L, Gupta P, Chen Y, Wang E, Ji L, Chao H, Chen ZS. The development of anticancer ruthenium(ii) complexes: from single molecule compounds to nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:5771-5804. [PMID: 28654103 PMCID: PMC5624840 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 710] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is rapidly becoming the top killer in the world. Most of the FDA approved anticancer drugs are organic molecules, while metallodrugs are very scarce. The advent of the first metal based therapeutic agent, cisplatin, launched a new era in the application of transition metal complexes for therapeutic design. Due to their unique and versatile biochemical properties, ruthenium-based compounds have emerged as promising anti-cancer agents that serve as alternatives to cisplatin and its derivertives. Ruthenium(iii) complexes have successfully been used in clinical research and their mechanisms of anticancer action have been reported in large volumes over the past few decades. Ruthenium(ii) complexes have also attracted significant attention as anticancer candidates; however, only a few of them have been reported comprehensively. In this review, we discuss the development of ruthenium(ii) complexes as anticancer candidates and biocatalysts, including arene ruthenium complexes, polypyridyl ruthenium complexes, and ruthenium nanomaterial complexes. This review focuses on the likely mechanisms of action of ruthenium(ii)-based anticancer drugs and the relationship between their chemical structures and biological properties. This review also highlights the catalytic activity and the photoinduced activation of ruthenium(ii) complexes, their targeted delivery, and their activity in nanomaterial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leli Zeng
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
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11
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Synthesis and crystal structure of a novel ruthenium(II) complex with in situ generated dithiobiurea ligand. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Aman F, Hanif M, Siddiqui WA, Ashraf A, Filak LK, Reynisson J, Söhnel T, Jamieson SMF, Hartinger CG. Anticancer Ruthenium(η6-p-cymene) Complexes of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Derivatives. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500825h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Aman
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Department
of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | | | - Adnan Ashraf
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Lukas K. Filak
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Stephen M. F. Jamieson
- Auckland
Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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13
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Pillozzi S, Gasparoli L, Stefanini M, Ristori M, D'Amico M, Alessio E, Scaletti F, Becchetti A, Arcangeli A, Messori L. NAMI-A is highly cytotoxic toward leukaemia cell lines: evidence of inhibition of KCa 3.1 channels. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:12150-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01356e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer ruthenium(iii) complex NAMI-A induces potent and unexpected cytotoxic effects in leukaemia cells causing selective inhibition of KCa 3.1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Pillozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Florence
- 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Gasparoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Florence
- 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Stefanini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Florence
- 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Mirco Ristori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Florence
- 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Massimo D'Amico
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Florence
- 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Enzo Alessio
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Scaletti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences
- University of Milano-Bicocca
- Milan, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Florence
- 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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14
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Oszajca M, Kuliś E, Stochel G, Brindell M. Interaction of the NAMI-A complex with nitric oxide under physiological conditions. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01631e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The NAMI-A ([ImH][RuCl4(Im)(DMSO)], Im – imidazole, DMSO – dimethyl sulfoxide) interact with nitric oxide (NO) under physiological-like conditions, however it is rather kinetically sluggish NO scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oszajca
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Kuliś
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-060 Krakow, Poland
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15
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Marques J, Fernandes JA, Almeida Paz FA, Marques MPM, Braga SS. Isolation, crystal structure, and cytotoxicity on osteosarcoma of a ruthenium(III) complex with coordinated acetonitrile. J COORD CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2012.696624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Marques
- a Departamento de Química & CICECO , Universidade de Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - José A. Fernandes
- a Departamento de Química & CICECO , Universidade de Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Filipe A. Almeida Paz
- a Departamento de Química & CICECO , Universidade de Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Maria Paula M. Marques
- b Departamento de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia , Universidade de Coimbra , PO Box 3126, 3001-401 Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Susana S. Braga
- a Departamento de Química & CICECO , Universidade de Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
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Loganathan R, Ramakrishnan S, Suresh E, Riyasdeen A, Akbarsha MA, Palaniandavar M. Mixed ligand copper(II) complexes of N,N-bis(benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)amine (BBA) with diimine co-ligands: efficient chemical nuclease and protease activities and cytotoxicity. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:5512-32. [PMID: 22559171 DOI: 10.1021/ic2017177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of mononuclear mixed ligand copper(II) complexes [Cu(bba)(diimine)](ClO(4))(2)1-4, where bba is N,N-bis(benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)amine and diimine is 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) (1), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) (2), 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (5,6-dmp) (3), or dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq) (4), have been isolated and characterized by analytical and spectral methods. The coordination geometry around copper(II) in 2 is described as square pyramidal with the two benzimidazole nitrogen atoms of the primary ligand bba and the two nitrogen atoms of phen (2) co-ligand constituting the equatorial plane and the amine nitrogen atom of bba occupying the apical position. In contrast, the two benzimidazole nitrogen atoms and the amine nitrogen atom of bba ligand and one of the two nitrogen atoms of 5,6-dmp constitute the equatorial plane of the trigonal bipyramidal distorted square based pyramidal (TBDSBP) coordination geometry of 3 with the other nitrogen atom of 5,6-dmp occupying the apical position. The structures of 1-4 have been optimized by using the density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. Absorption spectral titrations with Calf Thymus (CT) DNA reveal that the intrinsic DNA binding affinity of the complexes depends upon the diimine co-ligand, dpq (4) > 5,6-dmp (3) > phen (2) > bpy (1). The DNA binding affinity of 4 is higher than 2 revealing that the π-stacking interaction of the dpq ring in between the DNA base pairs with the two bzim moieties of the bba ligand stacked along the DNA surface is more intimate than that of phen. The complex 3 is bound to DNA more strongly than 1 and 2 through strong hydrophobic interaction of the methyl groups on 5,6-positions of the phen ring in the DNA grooves. The extent of the decrease in relative emission intensities of DNA-bound ethidium bromide (EB) upon adding the complexes parallels the trend in DNA binding affinities. The large enhancement in relative viscosity of DNA upon binding to 3 and 4 supports the DNA binding modes proposed. Interestingly, the 5,6-dmp complex 3 is selective in exhibiting a positive induced CD band (ICD) upon binding to DNA suggesting that it induces a B to A conformational change. In contrast, 2 and 4 show induced CD responses indicating their involvement in strong DNA binding. Interestingly, only the dpq complex 4, which displays the strongest DNA binding affinity and is efficient in cleaving DNA in the absence of an activator with a rate constant of 5.8 ± 0.1 h(-1), which is higher than the uncatalyzed rate of DNA cleavage. All the complexes exhibit oxidative DNA cleavage ability, which varies as 4 > 2 > 3 > 1 (ascorbic acid) and 3 > 2 > 4 > 1 (H(2)O(2)). Also, the complexes cleave the protein bovine serum albumin in the presence of H(2)O(2) as an activator with the cleavage ability varying in the order 3 > 4 > 2 > 1. The highest efficiency of 3 to cleave both DNA and protein in the presence of H(2)O(2) is consistent with its strong hydrophobic interaction with the biopolymers. The IC(50) values of 1-4 against cervical cancer cell lines (SiHa) are almost equal to that of cisplatin, indicating that they have the potential to act as effective anticancer drugs in a time-dependent manner. The morphological assessment data obtained by using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Hoechst 33258 staining reveal that 3 induces apoptosis much more effectively than the other complexes. Also, the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis study (comet assay) suggests that the same complex induces DNA fragmentation more efficiently than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangasamy Loganathan
- Centre for Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
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Fontana G, Abbate M, Casella G, Pellerito C, Longo A, Ferrante F. Synthesis, chemical characterization and preliminary in vitro antitumor activity evaluation of new ruthenium(II) complexes with sugar derivatives. Polyhedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Kljun J, Bytzek AK, Kandioller W, Bartel C, Jakupec MA, Hartinger CG, Keppler BK, Turel I. Physicochemical Studies and Anticancer Potency of Ruthenium η-p-Cymene Complexes Containing Antibacterial Quinolones. Organometallics 2011; 30:2506-2512. [PMID: 21552495 PMCID: PMC3086571 DOI: 10.1021/om101180c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
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With the aim of exploring the anticancer properties of organometallic compounds with bioactive ligands, Ru(arene) compounds of the antibacterial quinolones nalidixic acid (2) and cinoxacin (3) were synthesized, and their physicochemical properties were compared to those of chlorido(η6-p-cymene)(ofloxacinato-κ2O,O)ruthenium(II) (1). All compounds undergo a rapid ligand exchange reaction from chlorido to aqua species. 2 and 3 are significantly more stable than 1 and undergo minor conversion to an unreactive [(cym)Ru(μ-OH)3Ru(cym)]+ species (cym = η6-p-cymene). In the presence of human serum albumin 1−3 form adducts with this transport protein within 20 min of incubation. With guanosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-GMP; as a simple model for reactions with DNA) very rapid reactions yielding adducts via its N7 atom were observed, illustrating that DNA is a possible target for this compound class. A moderate capacity of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation in vitro was observed for 1 in CH1 ovarian cancer cells, whereas 2 and 3 turned out to be inactive.
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Ramakrishnan S, Suresh E, Riyasdeen A, Akbarsha MA, Palaniandavar M. Interaction of rac-[M(diimine)3]2+ (M = Co, Ni) complexes with CT DNA: role of 5,6-dmp ligand on DNA binding and cleavage and cytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:3245-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Thota S, Karki SS, Jayaveera KN, Balzarini J, Clercq ED. Synthesis, antineoplastic and cytotoxic activities of some mononuclear Ru(II) complexes. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2010; 25:513-9. [DOI: 10.3109/14756360903357577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Thota
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, S.R. College of Pharmacy, Ananthasagar, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Subhas S. Karki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLES College of Pharmacy, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - K. N. Jayaveera
- Department of Chemistry, JNTU College of Engineering, Ananthapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Reasearch, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Reasearch, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Tuning heavy metal compounds for anti-tumor activity: is diversity the key to ruthenium’s success? Future Med Chem 2009; 1:541-59. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to bring the reader up to date with the more recent ruthenium compounds that have been synthesized and tested for their cytotoxicity. The chemistry of these transition metal complexes will be introduced and the basic principles that govern their common behavior outlined. The recent history of established compounds within this field will be presented alongside those that now represent the cutting-edge. The inherent variety within this class of compounds will lead the reader to appreciate their diversity and pose questions as to their similarities aside from the presence of a shared metal ion. This review aims to discuss and contextualize the state-of-the-art research within the context of the speculative advancement of this developing field. There is an evident need to specify the molecular and cellular targets of these drug molecules in order to ultimately elucidate their mode or modes of action. The evidence presented herein suggests that new avenues of research require novel analytical probes and methods for tracing the fate of ruthenium complexes in cells in order to understand their very promising cytotoxic activity.
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Ascone I, Messori L, Casini A, Gabbiani C, Balerna A, Dell’Unto F, Castellano AC. Exploiting Soft and Hard X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy to Characterize Metallodrug/Protein Interactions: the Binding of [trans-RuCl4(Im)(dimethylsulfoxide)][ImH] (Im = imidazole) to Bovine Serum Albumin. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:8629-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ic8001477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Ascone
- Synchrotron-Soleil L’Orme des Merisiers Saint
Aubin - BP 48 91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France, Dipartimento di
Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy, INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 00044 Frascati,
Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza,
Piazz.le A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Synchrotron-Soleil L’Orme des Merisiers Saint
Aubin - BP 48 91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France, Dipartimento di
Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy, INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 00044 Frascati,
Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza,
Piazz.le A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Angela Casini
- Synchrotron-Soleil L’Orme des Merisiers Saint
Aubin - BP 48 91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France, Dipartimento di
Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy, INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 00044 Frascati,
Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza,
Piazz.le A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Gabbiani
- Synchrotron-Soleil L’Orme des Merisiers Saint
Aubin - BP 48 91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France, Dipartimento di
Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy, INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 00044 Frascati,
Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza,
Piazz.le A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Balerna
- Synchrotron-Soleil L’Orme des Merisiers Saint
Aubin - BP 48 91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France, Dipartimento di
Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy, INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 00044 Frascati,
Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza,
Piazz.le A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Dell’Unto
- Synchrotron-Soleil L’Orme des Merisiers Saint
Aubin - BP 48 91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France, Dipartimento di
Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy, INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 00044 Frascati,
Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza,
Piazz.le A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Agostina Congiu Castellano
- Synchrotron-Soleil L’Orme des Merisiers Saint
Aubin - BP 48 91192 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France, Dipartimento di
Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy, INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 00044 Frascati,
Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza,
Piazz.le A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
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Rajendiran V, Murali M, Suresh E, Sinha S, Somasundaram K, Palaniandavar M. Mixed ligand ruthenium(ii) complexes of bis(pyrid-2-yl)-/bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)-dithioether and diimines: Study of non-covalent DNA binding and cytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2008:148-63. [DOI: 10.1039/b710578a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Karki SS, Thota S, Darj SY, Balzarini J, De Clercq E. Synthesis, anticancer, and cytotoxic activities of some mononuclear Ru(II) compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:6632-41. [PMID: 17765549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2007] [Revised: 08/11/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of ruthenium compounds (Ru1-Ru12) of the type [Ru(S)(2)(K)], (where S=1,10-phenanthroline/2,2'-bipyridine and K=itsz, MeO-btsz, 4-Cl-btsz, 2-Cl-btsz, 2-F-btsz, hfc and itsz=isatin-3-thiosemicarbazone, MeO-btsz=1-(4'-methoxy-benzyl)-thiosemicarbazone, hfc=2-{[3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenylimino]methyl}phenol, 4-Cl-btsz=1-(4'-chlorobenzyl)-thiosemicarbazone, 2-Cl-btsz=1-(2'-chloro benzyl)-thiosemicarbazone, 2-F-btsz=1-(2'-fluorobenzyl)-thiosemicarbazone) are described. These ligands form bidentate octahedral ruthenium compounds. The title compounds were subjected to in vivo anticancer activity against a transplantable murine tumor cell line Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) and in vitro cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell line Molt 4/C8, CEM and murine tumor cell line L1210. Ruthenium compounds (Ru1-Ru12) showed promising biological activity especially in decreasing tumor volume and viable ascites cell counts. Treatment with these compounds prolonged the life span of mice bearing EAC tumor by 10-43%. In vitro evaluation of these ruthenium compounds revealed cytotoxic activity from 0.24 to 27 microM against Molt 4/C8, 0.27 to 48 microM against CEM, and 0.94 to 248 microM against L1210. Their ligands alone failed to show cytotoxic activity at the concentrations tested (68-405 microM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhas S Karki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLES College of Pharmacy, 2nd Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 560010, Karnataka, India.
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Scolaro C, Bergamo A, Brescacin L, Delfino R, Cocchietto M, Laurenczy G, Geldbach TJ, Sava G, Dyson PJ. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of ruthenium(II)-arene PTA complexes. J Med Chem 2005; 48:4161-71. [PMID: 15943488 DOI: 10.1021/jm050015d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 668] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The antitumor activity of the organometallic ruthenium(II)-arene complexes, RuCl(2)(eta(6)-arene)(PTA), (arene = p-cymene, toluene, benzene, benzo-15-crown-5, 1-ethylbenzene-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, ethyl benzoate, hexamethylbenzene; PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane), abbreviated RAPTA, has been evaluated. In vitro biological experiments demonstrate that these compounds are active toward the TS/A mouse adenocarcinoma cancer cell line whereas cytotoxicity on the HBL-100 human mammary (nontumor) cell line was not observed at concentrations up to 0.3 mM, which indicates selectivity of these ruthenium(II)-arene complexes to cancer cells. Analogues of the RAPTA compounds, in which the PTA ligand is methylated, have also been prepared, and these prove to be cytotoxic toward both cell lines. RAPTA-C and the benzene analogue RAPTA-B were selected for in vivo experiments to evaluate their anticancer and antimetastatic activity. The results show that these complexes can reduce the growth of lung metastases in CBA mice bearing the MCa mammary carcinoma in the absence of a corresponding action at the site of primary tumor growth. Pharmacokinetic studies of RAPTA-C indicate that ruthenium is rapidly lost from the organs and the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Scolaro
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
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26
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Allardyce CS, Dyson PJ, Ellis DJ, Salter PA, Scopelliti R. Synthesis and characterisation of some water soluble ruthenium(II)–arene complexes and an investigation of their antibiotic and antiviral properties. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)01926-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Vacca A, Bruno M, Boccarelli A, Coluccia M, Ribatti D, Bergamo A, Garbisa S, Sartor L, Sava G. Inhibition of endothelial cell functions and of angiogenesis by the metastasis inhibitor NAMI-A. Br J Cancer 2002; 86:993-8. [PMID: 11953835 PMCID: PMC2364145 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2001] [Revised: 11/15/2001] [Accepted: 01/10/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
NAMI-A is a ruthenium-based compound with selective anti-metastasis activity in experimental models of solid tumours. We studied whether this activity was dependent on anti-angiogenic ability of NAMI-A. We thus investigated its in vitro effects on endothelial cell functions necessary for angiogenesis to develop, as well as its in vivo effects in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. Endothelial cell proliferation, chemotaxis, and secretion of the matrix-degrading enzyme metalloproteinase-2 were inhibited by NAMI-A in a dose-dependent manner, and without morphologic signs of cell apoptosis or necrosis. Lastly, NAMI-A displayed a dose-dependent in vivo anti-angiogenic activity in the chorioallantoic membrane model. These data suggest that the anti-angiogenic activity of NAMI-A can contribute to its anti-metastatic efficacy in mice bearing malignant solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy
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Richardson DR, Lovejoy DB. Complexes of gallium(III) and other metal ions and their potential in the treatment of neoplasia. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2000; 9:1257-70. [PMID: 11060741 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.9.6.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The metal complexes of a variety of ligands show diverse pharmacological properties. The potential of these compounds as antineoplastic agents is underlined by the success of the clinically used platinum complex cisplatin (cis-[(NH(3))(2)PtCl(2)]). In the current review, specific examples of gallium, copper, ruthenium and titanium complexes are discussed with special relevance to their use in the treatment of cancer. Some of these complexes have demonstrated marked activity in a number of animal models and for some compounds, clinical trials are anticipated or have already begun. Collectively, the results in the literature indicate that the study of metal complexes as antineoplastic agents deserves continued intensive investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Richardson
- The Heart Research Institute, 145 Missenden Rd, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2050.
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Alessio E, Iengo E, Zorzet S, Bergamo A, Coluccia M, Boccarelli A, Sava G. Antimetastatic properties and DNA interactions of the novel class of dimeric Ru(III) compounds Na2[[trans-RuCl4(Me2SO)]2(mu-L)] (L = ditopic, non-chelating aromatic N-ligand). A preliminary investigation. J Inorg Biochem 2000; 79:173-7. [PMID: 10830863 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(99)00231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of dianionic Ru(III) dimers of formula Na2[[trans-RuCl4(Me2SO)]2(mu-L)], with L = pyrazine (pyz, 1), pyrimidine (pym, 2), 4,4'-bipyridine (bipy, 3), and 1,2-bis(4-pyridine) ethane (etbipy, 4), was developed by us with the specific aim of assessing their antitumor properties. The dimers are in fact structurally related to the antimetastatic mononuclear compound (ImH) [trans-RuCl4(Me2SO)(Im)] (NAMI-A, Im = imidazole). Preliminary results concerning the antineoplastic activity of 1-4 against the murine MCa carcinoma model, a tumor which spontaneously metastasizes in the lungs, are reported. Similarly to what is normally observed with NAMI-A, the treatment with the dimeric complexes was scarcely effective against the growth of the primary tumor. However, dimers 1, 2, and 4 reduced very effectively the number and, in particular, the weight of lung metastases (to about 5% with respect to controls); in particular, Na2[[trans-RuCl4(Me2SO)]2(mu-etbipy)] (4) was as effective as NAMI-A in reducing the spontaneous metastases at a dosage which, in terms of moles of ruthenium, is about 3.5 times lower compared to that normally used for NAMI-A. Furthermore, in vitro tests showed that dimers 1-4 are capable of forming interstrand cross-links with linearized plasmidic DNA in a time-dependent manner. All the dimeric species are more active in inducing cross-links compared to NAMI-A, and the dimer bridged by the etbipy ligand (4) is the most effective among those tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Alessio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Italy.
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Seifriz I, Konzen M, Paula MM, Gonçalves NS, Spoganickz B, Creczynski-Pasa TB, Bonetti VR, Beirith A, Calixto JB, Franco CV. Synthesis, potentiometric titration, electrochemical investigation and biological properties of trans-[RuCl2(dinic)4] (dinic = 3,5-pyridinecarboxylic acid). J Inorg Biochem 1999; 76:153-63. [PMID: 10605834 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(99)00111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work discusses both the synthesis of trans-[RuCl2(dinic)4], dinic = 3,5-pyridinecarboxylic acid, and its main characteristics including potentiometric titration, spectroscopic and electrochemical properties, and some biological properties. The complex was synthesized using ruthenium blue solution as the precursor in a synthetic route. The complex was characterized using electronic spectroscopy, vibrational FT-IR spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, as well as 1H and 13C NMR. The results indicated that the complex exhibits a trans-geometry. Cyclic voltammetry carried out in water:acetone 1:1 solution revealed a quasi-reversible process centered on the Ru(II) atom, as well as a dependence of the redox potential, E1/2, on pH. An analysis of the electronic spectra revealed that the MLCT (metal ligand charge transfer) band underwent a hypsochromic shift as the pH increased. Spectroelectrochemical analysis indicated that the visible region band progressively faded out upon oxidation. The equilibrium constants for the eight protons of the complex were determined by potentiometric titration. The complex neither inhibits the activity of nitrogen monoxide synthase nor acts as a scavenger for nitrogen monoxide. Nevertheless, the complex shows antinociceptive properties and acts as a scavenger for hydroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Seifriz
- Departamentos de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Clarke MJ, Zhu F, Frasca DR. Non-platinum chemotherapeutic metallopharmaceuticals. Chem Rev 1999; 99:2511-34. [PMID: 11749489 DOI: 10.1021/cr9804238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 778] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Clarke
- Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
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