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Ye M, Kuo MJ, Lobo RF. Biphenyl dicarboxylates from ethene and bifuran dimethyl esters. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.112949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Li T, Yang X, Li W, Song J, Li Z, Zhu X, Wu X, Liu Y. ADAR1 Stimulation by IFN-α Downregulates the Expression of MAVS via RNA Editing to Regulate the Anti-HBV Response. Mol Ther 2020; 29:1335-1348. [PMID: 33279720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The partial response of chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) patients to interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy remains elusive, which requires a better understanding of the involved molecular mechanism. In our study, bioinformatics analysis was applied to relate IFN-α regulated candidate genes and RNA editing sites by RNA sequencing. Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) antiviral effect was confirmed in HepG2.2.15 cells and in two mouse models. The associations between polymorphisms in MAVS gene and response to IFN-α therapy were confirmed in CHB patients. We found that IFN-α downregulates MAVS via RNA editing that was mediated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR1). ADAR1 inhibited MAVS expression via a human antigen R (HuR)-mediated post-transcriptional regulation. MAVS exerted an antiviral activity and reduced the level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in vitro and in vivo. IFN-α antiviral effects were significantly enhanced by MAVS co-transfection. Hepatitis B core protein (HBc) interacted with SP1 to inhibit the promoter activity of MAVS that regulates its expression. CHB patients with a rs3746662A allele had higher MAVS expression and thus were more responsive to IFN-α treatment. In this work, we demonstrated that the decrease of MAVS expression is mediated by the IFN-α-ADAR1 axis. This study also highlighted the potential for the clinical application of MAVS in combination with IFN-α for the treatment of HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Jiaru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Affiliated You'an Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xilin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
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Mahfoz AM. Social behavior effects of diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate (DDB) in the sensory contact model. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 392:313-326. [PMID: 30488342 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sensory contact model (SCM) permits the evolution of diverse psychopathological states by the repeated antagonistic interactions between male mice. Biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) is used as a hepatoprotective agent. The present work aimed to study the possible effects of DDB on social behavior developed by SCM by studying its effects on the transformation process to aggressive and submissive behaviors. Besides, measuring behavioral changes using the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze test (EPM), neurochemical parameters [serotonin (5HT), norepqinephrine (NE), and dopamine(DA)], and immunological changes (total leucocyte count, differential leucocytic count, and evaluation of bone marrow lymphocytes count and viability assessment). Adult male Swiss mice were used; DDB was given in a dose of 100 mg/kg by oral gavage daily for 2 weeks from the fifth day to the last day of the SCM. The present study concluded that administration of DDB to the SCM involved animals was shown to be associated with significant positive impacts on the behavior of depressed partner in the SCM which were manifested by decreased latency and increased ambulation and rearing in OFT, increased number of entry in the open arm/total no of entries in EPM. This was associated with changes in brain levels of neurotransmitters which were manifested by increased NE and decreased DA, as well as the examined immunity related parameters which were manifested by increased total leucocyte count, bone marrow lymphocytes, and monocytes. So DDB can be used as a supportive antidepressant agent in patients with liver impairment and should be avoided in aggressive ones. However, more randomized controlled trials should be carried out to ascertain these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Mahfoz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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Thomsen MK, Nandakumar R, Stadler D, Malo A, Valls RM, Wang F, Reinert LS, Dagnaes-Hansen F, Hollensen AK, Mikkelsen JG, Protzer U, Paludan SR. Lack of immunological DNA sensing in hepatocytes facilitates hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 2016; 64:746-59. [PMID: 27312012 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major human pathogen, and about one third of the global population will be exposed to the virus in their lifetime. HBV infects hepatocytes, where it replicates its DNA and infection can lead to acute and chronic hepatitis with a high risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite this, there is limited understanding of how HBV establishes chronic infections. In recent years it has emerged that foreign DNA potently stimulates the innate immune response, particularly type 1 interferon (IFN) production; and this occurs through a pathway dependent on the DNA sensor cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase and the downstream adaptor protein stimulator of IFN genes (STING). In this work we describe that human and murine hepatocytes do not express STING. Consequently, hepatocytes do not produce type 1 IFN in response to foreign DNA or HBV infection and mice lacking STING or cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase exhibit unaltered ability to control infection in an adenovirus-HBV model. Stimulation of IFN production in the murine liver by administration of synthetic RNA decreases virus infection, thus demonstrating that IFN possesses anti-HBV activity in the liver. Importantly, introduction of STING expression specifically in hepatocytes reconstitutes the DNA sensing pathway, which leads to improved control of HBV in vivo. CONCLUSION The lack of a functional innate DNA-sensing pathway in hepatocytes hampers efficient innate control of HBV infection; this may explain why HBV has adapted to specifically replicate in hepatocytes and could contribute to the weak capacity of this cell type to clear HBV infection. (Hepatology 2016;64:746-759).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin K Thomsen
- Department of Biomedicine and, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ramya Nandakumar
- Department of Biomedicine and, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniela Stadler
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Antje Malo
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Roser Marin Valls
- Department of Biomedicine and, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Biomedicine and, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Line S Reinert
- Department of Biomedicine and, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedicine and, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Søren R Paludan
- Department of Biomedicine and, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Research Center for Innate Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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Jun DW, Kim BI, Cho YK, Kim HJ, Kwon YO, Park SY, Han SY, Baek YH, Jung YJ, Kim HY, Kim W, Heo J, Woo HY, Hwang SG, Rim KS, Choi JY, Bae SH, Lee YS, Lim YS, Cheong JY, Cho SW, Lee BS, Kim SH, Sohn JH, Kim TY, Paik YH, Kim JK, Lee KS. Efficacy and safety of entecavir plus carnitine complex (GODEX®) compared to entecavir monotherapy in patient with ALT elevated chronic hepatitis B: randomized, multicenter open-label trials. The GOAL study. Clin Mol Hepatol 2013; 19:165-72. [PMID: 23837141 PMCID: PMC3701849 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2013.19.2.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Carnitine and vitamin complex (Godex®) is widely used in patients with chronic liver disease who show elevated liver enzyme in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to identify the efficacy and safety of carnitine from entecavir combination therapy in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevated Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods 130 treatment-naïve patients with CHB were enrolled from 13 sites. The patients were randomly selected to the entecavir and the complex of entecavir and carnitine. The primary endpoint of the study is ALT normalization level after 12 months. Results Among the 130 patients, 119 patients completed the study treatment. The ALT normalization at 3 months was 58.9% for the monotherapy and 95.2% for the combination therapy (P<0.0001). ALT normalization rate at 12 months was 85.7% for the monotherapy and 100% for the combination group (P=0.0019). The rate of less than HBV DNA 300 copies/mL at 12 months was not statistically significant (P=0.5318) 75.9% for the monotherapy, 70.7% for the combination and it was. Quantification of HBsAg level was not different from the monotherapy to combination at 12 months. Changes of ELISPOT value to evaluate the INF-γ secretion by HBsAg showed the increasing trend of combination therapy compare to mono-treatment. Conclusions ALT normalization rate was higher in carnitine complex combination group than entecavir group in CHB. Combination group was faster than entecavir mono-treatment group on ALT normalization rate. HBV DNA normalization rate and the serum HBV-DNA level were not changed by carnitine complex treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zheng LY, Zang LM, Yang QH, Yu WQ, Fang XZ, Zhang YH, Zhao XJ, Wan N, Zhang YT, Wang QD, Chang JB. Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of α-DDB–DU, a novel nucleoside analogue, in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 702:258-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhipeng C, Jiabi Z, Hongxuan C, Yan-yu X, Jun C, Bao-chang C. Distribution of liposomal bifendate in liver following intravenous injection in mice. J Drug Target 2010; 18:627-36. [DOI: 10.3109/10611861003639788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wang C, Xu YQ. Diphenyl Dimethyl Bicarboxylate in the Treatment of Viral Hepatitis, Adjuvant or Curative? Gastroenterology Res 2008; 1:2-7. [PMID: 27994699 PMCID: PMC5154208 DOI: 10.4021/gr2008.10.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate (DDB) has been used in some countries as hepatoprotectant adjuvant in the treatment of liver diseases, such as chronic viral hepatitis, chemical or drug induced hepatic damage. Its early confirmed efficacy is to normalize elevated blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) from different etiologies, however, it can rarely affect the rest hepatic enzymes. In addition, the lowering or normalization of ALT in most cases occurs during DDB treatment, withdrawal of DDB administration results in ALT re-elevated. Hence, for a long time, it has been only used as adjuvant of liver disease therapy. It is still controversial that whether DDB can be beneficial to liver histology. The normalization of ALT in hepatitis does not indicate therapeutic efficacy if without substantial liver histology improvement. In recent years, more studies showed that DDB might have new therapeutical potentials in liver diseases, it may have the effect of anti-viral, anti-malignancy. These new findings were mostly based on the in vitro or animal experiments, more basic studies and clinical trials are needed to ascertain these efficacies, prior to that stage, it is recommended to be cautious to apply DDB clinically for anti-virus and anti-malignancy purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - You Qing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
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