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Guo WS, Deng X, Yang MX, Hu T, Li XH. A pilot study on the expression of circadian clock genes in the alveolar bone of mice with periodontitis. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:193-200. [PMID: 38275089 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2305212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the expression of circadian clock genes in mouse alveolar bone, and the possible reasons for these changes. Fifty C57 mice were orally inoculated with P. gingivalis, establishing a model of periodontitis using healthy mice as controls. The alveolar bone of both groups was taken for micro-computed tomography scanning to measure the amount of attachment loss, and the relative expression of mRNA in each clock gene and periodontitis related inflammatory factor was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). After the establishment of the mouse model, the height of alveolar bone in the periodontitis group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (p < 0.05). The relative transcriptional level of Bmal1, Per2, and Cry1 mRNA was in the circadian rhythm in the normal group (p ≤ 0.05), while in the periodontitis group, its circadian rhythm disappeared and the transcriptional level characteristics were changed. Interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon (IFN-γ) mRNA transcriptional level were elevated in the periodontitis group compared to the normal group. In conclusion, the mRNA transcriptional level of Bmal1, Per2, and Cry1 in alveolar bone of normal mice has circadian rhythm, but the rhythm disappears under the condition of periodontitis, and the cause of its occurrence may be related to inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Shuang Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Stomatological Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Deng
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Man-Xin Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Stomatological Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing-Han Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Stomatological Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Ma H, Sheng X, Chen W, He H, Liu J, He Y, Huang F. PER2 regulates odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells in vitro via intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species levels. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16489. [PMID: 38084142 PMCID: PMC10710777 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental papilla cells (DPCs) are one of the key stem cells for tooth development, eventually forming dentin and pulp. Previous studies have reported that PER2 is expressed in a 24-hour oscillatory pattern in DPCs in vitro. In vivo, PER2 is highly expressed in odontoblasts (which are differentiated from DPCs). However, whether PER2 modulates the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs is uncertain. This research was to identify the function of PER2 in the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs and preliminarily explore its mechanisms. Methods We monitored the expression of PER2 in DPCs differentiated in vivo. We used PER2 overexpression and knockdown studies to assess the role of PER2 in DPC differentiation and performed intracellular ATP content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays to further investigate the mechanism. Results PER2 expression was considerably elevated throughout the odontoblastic differentiation of DPCs in vivo. Overexpressing Per2 boosted levels of odontogenic differentiation markers, such as dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1), and alkaline phosphatase (Alp), and enhanced mineralized nodule formation in DPCs. Conversely, the downregulation of Per2 inhibited the differentiation of DPCs. Additionally, downregulating Per2 further affected intracellular ATP content and ROS levels during DPC differentiation. Conclusion Overall, we demonstrated that PER2 positively regulates the odontogenic differentiation of DPCs, and the mechanism may be related to mitochondrial function as shown by intracellular ATP content and ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhen Ma
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Sheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwen He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Shen X, Wu W, Ying Y, Zhou L, Zhu H. A regulatory role of Piezo1 in apoptosis of periodontal tissue and periodontal ligament fibroblasts during orthodontic tooth movement. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49 Suppl 1:228-237. [PMID: 36461169 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Investigation on the effect of Piezo1 on periodontal tissue and periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) under mechanical stress and the underlying mechanism. The orthodontic tooth movement rat model was established via an orthodontic spiral tension spring. PDLFs were cultured and subjected to 2.0 g/cm2 static compressive loading. Blocked the Piezo1 via Piezo1 inhibitor, GsMTx4. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry determined the apoptosis rate of periodontal tissue and PDLFs in rats. Expression of Piezo1, p-p38 and ERK1/2 was analysed by immunofluorescence assay and western blotting. Piezo1 inhibitor GsMTx4 relieved the increased expression of Piezo1, ERK1/2 and p-p38, and alleviated apoptosis in periodontal tissue and PDLFs under compressive loading. Piezo1 inhibition can alleviate force-induced apoptosis and damage in rats' periodontal tissue and PDLFs, and regulate the p38/ERK1/2 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanjiang Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Weilli Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yukang Ying
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Haiqian Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Feng G, Zhao J, Peng J, Luo B, Zhang J, Chen L, Xu Z. Circadian clock—A promising scientific target in oral science. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1031519. [PMCID: PMC9708896 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1031519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral and maxillofacial organs play vital roles in chewing, maintaining facial beauty, and speaking. Almost all physiological processes display circadian rhythms that are driven by the circadian clock, allowing organisms to adapt to the changing environment. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that the circadian clock system participates in oral and maxillofacial physiological and pathological processes, such as jaw and tooth development, salivary gland function, craniofacial malformations, oral carcinoma and other diseases. However, the roles of the circadian clock in oral science have not yet been comprehensively reviewed. Therefore, This paper provides a systematic and integrated perspective on the function of the circadian clock in the fields of oral science, reviews recent advances in terms of the circadian clock in oral and maxillofacial development and disease, dialectically analyzes the importance of the circadian clock system and circadian rhythm to the activities of oral and maxillofacial tissues, and focuses on analyzing the mechanism of the circadian clock in the maintenance of oral health, affecting the common diseases of the oral and maxillofacial region and the process of oral-related systemic diseases, sums up the chronotherapy and preventive measures for oral-related diseases based on changes in tissue activity circadian rhythms, meanwhile, comes up with a new viewpoint to promote oral health and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Beibei Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Chen, ; Zhi Xu,
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Chen, ; Zhi Xu,
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Ebersole JL, Gonzalez OA. Mucosal circadian rhythm pathway genes altered by aging and periodontitis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275199. [PMID: 36472983 PMCID: PMC9725147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As circadian processes can impact the immune system and are affected by infections and inflammation, this study examined the expression of circadian rhythm genes in periodontitis. METHODS Macaca mulatta were used with naturally-occurring and ligature-induced periodontitis. Gingival tissue samples were obtained from healthy, diseased, and resolved sites in four groups: young (≤3 years), adolescent (3-7 years), adult (12-26) and aged (18-23 years). Microarrays targeted circadian rhythm (n = 42), inflammation/tissue destruction (n = 11), bone biology (n = 8) and hypoxia pathway (n = 7) genes. RESULTS The expression of many circadian rhythm genes, across functional components of the pathway, was decreased in healthy tissues from younger and aged animals, as well as showing significant decreases with periodontitis. Negative correlations of the circadian rhythm gene levels with inflammatory mediators and tissue destructive/remodeling genes were particularly accentuated in disease. A dominance of positive correlations with hypoxia genes was observed, except HIF1A, that was uniformly negatively correlated in health, disease and resolution. CONCLUSIONS The chronic inflammation of periodontitis exhibits an alteration of the circadian rhythm pathway, predominantly via decreased gene expression. Thus, variation in disease expression and the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease may be altered due to changes in regulation of the circadian rhythm pathway functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L. Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Nevada, Nevada Las Vegas
- * E-mail:
| | - Octavio A. Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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