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Alsudir SA, Almalik A, Alhasan AH. Catalogue of self-targeting nano-medical inventions to accelerate clinical trials. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3898-3910. [PMID: 33912874 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00235j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive outbreaks and prolonged epidemics represent mortal threats to global health, creating chaos in our globalized world. To date, scientists have been compelled to follow FDA guidelines for conventional clinical trials, which decelerates the release of effective therapies to battle outbreaks and safeguard global health security. Developing multi-purpose platform nanotechnologies to self-target specific organs in response to the disease microenvironment could greatly help to rapidly anticipate and efficiently manage outbreaks. Nano-interventions in the form of self-targeting nanoparticles (NPs) could accelerate the clinical translation of potential drugs to fight future outbreaks via innovating their clinical trials. This review sets the foundation of the self-targeting concept to govern the in vivo fate of NPs without the need to complicate the engineering designs with targeting ligands. The proposed catalogue of accelerated nano-innovations offers self-targeting, physiological trafficking, bio-compliance, and controllable drug release in response to associated smart linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Alsudir
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life science and Environmental Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz Almalik
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life science and Environmental Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia. and KACST-BWH/Harvard Centre of Excellence for Biomedicine, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Alhasan
- National Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, Life science and Environmental Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia. and KACST-BWH/Harvard Centre of Excellence for Biomedicine, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia and College of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Da Fonseca AG, Fernandes Ribeiro Dantas LLDS, Rodrigues JP, Alencar Filho MPDC, De Melo Rêgo MJB, Da Rocha Pitta MG, De Moraes Gomes PAT, De Melo Silva VG, Lima Leite AC, Furtado AA, Fernandes Pedrosa MDF, Gavioli EC, Moura Lemos TMA. PA-Int5: An isatin-thiosemicarbazone derivative that exhibits anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in Swiss mice. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:61. [PMID: 34094537 PMCID: PMC8165752 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain and inflammation are symptoms of various diseases, and they can be modulated by different pathways, thus highlighting the importance of investigating the therapeutic effects of novel compounds. Previous studies have shown that isatin-thiosemicarbazone exhibits antitumor, antifungal antibacterial and other biological properties. Based on the wide range of biological effects of these compounds, the aim of the present study was to investigate the central nervous system (CNS) performance, and the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of (Z)-2-(5-nitro-2-oxoindolin-3-ilidene)-N-hydroazinecarbothioamide (PA-Int5) in treated mice. Three doses of PA-Int5 were tested orally (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) in the nociceptive and inflammatory animal models. Additionally, the potential sedative effects of PA-Int5 (5 mg/kg, oral gavage) were investigated using an open field and rotarod tests, to exclude any possible unspecific effects of the nociceptive assays. Anti-nociceptive activity was assessed using the acetic acid-induced abdominal contortion and formalin tests, whereas anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using a carrageenan-induced paw edema and zymosan-induced air-pouch models. PA-Int5 (5 mg/kg) induced anti-nociceptive activity in the abdominal contortion model. In the formalin test, PA-Int5 (at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reduced nociception in the second phase. At the higher dose tested, PA-Int5 did not affect spontaneous locomotion or motor coordination. The data revealed that at all doses tested, the compound significantly reduced paw edema following carrageenan administration. In the zymosan-induced air-pouch model, PA-Int5 potently inhibited leukocyte migration and protein levels at the site of inflammation. When combined, the results revealed, for the first time, that PA-Int5 exhibited anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, and highlights its potential, as well that of other derivatives, as novel candidates for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldilane Gonçalves Da Fonseca
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Luzia Leiros De Sena Fernandes Ribeiro Dantas
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Joquebede Pereira Rodrigues
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Marco Polo Da Costa Alencar Filho
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59012-570, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-521, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elaine Cristina Gavioli
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Campus Universitário UFRN, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59064-741, Brazil
| | - Telma Maria Araújo Moura Lemos
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59012-570, Brazil
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Beyer K, Lie SA, Bjørndal B, Berge RK, Svardal A, Brun JG, Bolstad AI. Lipid, fatty acid, carnitine- and choline derivative profiles in rheumatoid arthritis outpatients with different degrees of periodontal inflammation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5332. [PMID: 33674638 PMCID: PMC7935865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory diseases with several pathogenic pathways in common. Evidence supports an association between the diseases, but the exact underlying mechanisms behind the connection are still under investigation. Lipid, fatty acid (FA) and metabolic profile alterations have been associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, including RA and periodontitis. Mitochondria have a central role in regulating cellular bioenergetic and whole-body metabolic homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed as a possible link between the two disorders. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore whole-blood FA, serum lipid composition, and carnitine- and choline derivatives in 78 RA outpatients with different degrees of periodontal inflammation. The main findings were alterations in lipid, FA, and carnitine- and choline derivative profiles. More specifically, higher total FA and total cholesterol concentrations were found in active RA. Elevated phospholipid concentrations with concomitant lower choline, elevated medium-chain acylcarnitines (MC-AC), and decreased ratios of MC-AC and long-chain (LC)-AC were associated with prednisolone medication. This may indicate an altered mitochondrial function in relation to the increased inflammatory status in RA disease. Our findings may support the need for interdisciplinary collaboration within the field of medicine and dentistry in patient stratification to improve personalized treatment. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to further assess the potential impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on RA and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Beyer
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Stein Atle Lie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf K Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Asbjørn Svardal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Johan G Brun
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Isine Bolstad
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
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