1
|
Alahakoon D, Fennell A. Genetic analysis of grapevine root system architecture and loci associated gene networks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1083374. [PMID: 36816477 PMCID: PMC9932984 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1083374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Own-rooted grapevines and grapevine rootstocks are vegetatively propagated from cuttings and have an adventitious root system. Unraveling the genetic underpinnings of the adventitious root system architecture (RSA) is important for improving own-rooted and grafted grapevine sustainability for a changing climate. Grapevine RSA genetic analysis was conducted in an Vitis sp. 'VRS-F2' population. Nine root morphology, three total root system morphology, and two biomass traits that contribute to root anchorage and water and nutrient uptake were phenotyped. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed using a high density integrated GBS and rhAmpSeq genetic map. Thirty-one QTL were detected for eleven of the RSA traits (surface area, root volume, total root length, fresh weight, number of tips, forks or links, longest root and average root diameter, link length, and link surface area) revealing many small effects. Several QTL were colocated on chromosomes 1, 9, 13, 18, and 19. QTL with identical peak positions on chromosomes 1 or 13 were enriched for AP2-EREBP, AS2, C2C2-CO, HMG, and MYB transcription factors, and QTL on chromosomes 9 or 13 were enriched for the ALFIN-LIKE transcription factor and regulation of autophagy pathways. QTL modeling for individual root traits identified eight models explaining 13.2 to 31.8% of the phenotypic variation. 'Seyval blanc' was the grandparent contributing to the allele models that included a greater surface area, total root length, and branching (number of forks and links) traits promoting a greater root density. In contrast, V. riparia 'Manitoba 37' contributed the allele for greater average branch length (link length) and diameter, promoting a less dense elongated root system with thicker roots. LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARY DOMAIN (LBD or AS2/LOB) and the PROTODERMAL FACTOR (PFD2 and ANL2) were identified as important candidate genes in the enriched pathways underlying the hotspots for grapevine adventitious RSA. The combined QTL hotspot and trait modeling identified transcription factors, cell cycle and circadian rhythm genes with a known role in root cell and epidermal layer differentiation, lateral root development and cortex thickness. These genes are candidates for tailoring grapevine root system texture, density and length in breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Fennell
- Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tello J, Ibáñez J. Review: Status and prospects of association mapping in grapevine. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 327:111539. [PMID: 36410567 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to current advances in sequencing technologies, novel bioinformatics tools, and efficient modeling solutions, association mapping has become a widely accepted approach to unravel the link between genotype and phenotype diversity in numerous crops. In grapevine, this strategy has been used in the last decades to understand the genetic basis of traits of agronomic interest (fruit quality, crop yield, biotic and abiotic resistance), of special relevance nowadays to improve crop resilience to cope with future climate scenarios. Genome-wide association studies have identified many putative causative loci for different traits, some of them overlapping well-known causal genes identified by conventional quantitative trait loci studies in biparental progenies, and/or validated by functional approaches. In addition, candidate-gene association studies have been useful to pinpoint the causal mutation underlying phenotypic variation for several traits of high interest in breeding programs (like berry color, seedlessness, and muscat flavor), information that has been used to develop highly informative and useful markers already in use in marker-assisted selection processes. Thus, association mapping has proved to represent a valuable step towards high quality and sustainable grape production. This review summarizes current applications of association mapping in grapevine research and discusses future prospects in view of current viticulture challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Tello
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño 26007, Spain.
| | - Javier Ibáñez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño 26007, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zahid G, Aka Kaçar Y, Dönmez D, Küden A, Giordani T. Perspectives and recent progress of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in fruits. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5341-5352. [PMID: 35064403 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Earlier next-generation sequencing technologies are being vastly used to explore, administer, and investigate the gene space with accurate profiling of nucleotide variations in the germplasm. OVERVIEW AND PROGRESS: Recently, novel advancements in high-throughput sequencing technologies allow a genotyping-by-sequencing approach that has opened up new horizons for extensive genotyping exploiting single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs). This method acts as a bridge to support and minimize a genotype to phenotype gap allowing genetic selection at the genome-wide level, named genomic selection that could facilitate the selection of traits also in the pomology sector. In addition to this, genome-wide genotyping is a prerequisite for genome-wide association studies that have been used successfully to discover the genes, which control polygenic traits including the genetic loci, associated with the trait of interest in fruit crops. AIMS AND PROSPECTS This review article emphasizes the role of genome-wide approaches to unlock and explore the genetic potential along with the detection of SNPs affecting the phenotype of fruit crops and highlights the prospects of genome-wide association studies in fruits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Zahid
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Yıldız Aka Kaçar
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Dicle Dönmez
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ayzin Küden
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Tommaso Giordani
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zinelabidine LH, Torres-Pérez R, Grimplet J, Baroja E, Ibáñez S, Carbonell-Bejerano P, Martínez-Zapater JM, Ibáñez J, Tello J. Genetic variation and association analyses identify genes linked to fruit set-related traits in grapevine. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110875. [PMID: 33775372 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the most valuable fruit crops in the world. Adverse environmental conditions reduce fruit quality and crop yield, so understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms determining crop yield components is essential to optimize grape production. The analysis of a diverse collection of grapevine cultivars allowed us to evaluate the relationship between fruit set-related components of yield, including the incidence of reproductive disorders such as coulure and millerandage. The collection displayed a great phenotypic variation that we surveyed in a genetics association study using 15,309 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected in the sequence of 289 candidate genes scattered across the 19 grapevine linkage groups. After correcting statistical models for population structure and linkage disequilibrium effects, 164 SNPs from 34 of these genes were found to associate with fruit set-related traits, supporting a complex polygenic determinism. Many of them were found in the sequence of different putative MADS-box transcription factors, a gene family related with plant reproductive development control. In addition, we observed an additive effect of some of the associated SNPs on the phenotype, suggesting that advantageous alleles from different loci could be pyramided to generate superior cultivars with optimized fruit production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalla Hasna Zinelabidine
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain; Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Plant Genetic Resources, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, 23000, Morocco
| | - Rafael Torres-Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain; Servicio de Bioinformática para Genómica y Proteómica (BioinfoGP), Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Jérôme Grimplet
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain; Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, 50059, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, 50059, Spain
| | - Elisa Baroja
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain
| | - Sergio Ibáñez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain
| | - Pablo Carbonell-Bejerano
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain; Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Javier Ibáñez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain
| | - Javier Tello
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, 26007, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Su K, Guo Y, Zhong W, Lin H, Liu Z, Li K, Li Y, Guo X. High-Density Genetic Linkage Map Construction and White Rot Resistance Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Genus Vitis Based on Restriction Site-Associated DNA Sequencing. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:659-670. [PMID: 33635092 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-19-0480-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Grape white rot (Coniothyrium diplodiella) is a major fungal disease affecting grape yield and quality. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis is an important method for studying important horticultural traits of grapevine. This study was conducted to construct a high-density map and conduct QTL mapping for grapevine white rot resistance. A mapping population with 177 genotypes was developed from interspecific hybridization of a white rot-resistant cultivar (Vitis vinifera × V. labrusca 'Zhuosexiang') and white rot-susceptible cultivar (V. vinifera 'Victoria'). Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were developed by restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. The female, male, and integrated maps contained 2,501, 4,110, and 6,249 SNP markers with average genetic distances of adjacent markers of 1.25, 0.77, and 0.50 cM, respectively. QTL mapping was conducted based on white rot resistance identification of 177 individuals in July and August of 2017 and 2018. Notably, one stable QTL related to white rot resistance was detected and located on linkage group LG14. The phenotypic variance ranged from 12.93 to 13.43%. An SNP marker (chr14_3929380), which cosegregated with white rot resistance, was discovered and shows potential for use in marker-assisted selection to generate new grapevine cultivars with resistance to white rot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Su
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinshan Guo
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihao Zhong
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuwu Guo
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Costantini L, Moreno-Sanz P, Nwafor CC, Lorenzi S, Marrano A, Cristofolini F, Gottardini E, Raimondi S, Ruffa P, Gribaudo I, Schneider A, Grando MS. Somatic variants for seed and fruit set in grapevine. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:135. [PMID: 33711928 PMCID: PMC7955655 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grapevine reproductive development has direct implications on yield. It also impacts on berry and wine quality by affecting traits like seedlessness, berry and bunch size, cluster compactness and berry skin to pulp ratio. Seasonal fluctuations in yield, fruit composition and wine attributes, which are largely driven by climatic factors, are major challenges for worldwide table grape and wine industry. Accordingly, a better understanding of reproductive processes such as gamete development, fertilization, seed and fruit set is of paramount relevance for managing yield and quality. With the aim of providing new insights into this field, we searched for clones with contrasting seed content in two germplasm collections. RESULTS We identified eight variant pairs that seemingly differ only in seed-related characteristics while showing identical genotype when tested with the GrapeReSeq_Illumina_20K_SNP_chip and several microsatellites. We performed multi-year observations on seed and fruit set deriving from different pollination treatments, with special emphasis on the pair composed by Sangiovese and its seedless variant locally named Corinto Nero. The pollen of Corinto Nero failed to germinate in vitro and gave poor berry set when used to pollinate other varieties. Most berries from both open- and cross-pollinated Corinto Nero inflorescences did not contain seeds. The genetic analysis of seedlings derived from occasional Corinto Nero normal seeds revealed that the few Corinto Nero functional gametes are mostly unreduced. Moreover, three genotypes, including Sangiovese and Corinto Nero, were unexpectedly found to develop fruits without pollen contribution and occasionally showed normal-like seeds. Five missense single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified between Corinto Nero and Sangiovese from transcriptomic data. CONCLUSIONS Our observations allowed us to attribute a seedlessness type to some variants for which it was not documented in the literature. Interestingly, the VvAGL11 mutation responsible for Sultanina stenospermocarpy was also discovered in a seedless mutant of Gouais Blanc. We suggest that Corinto Nero parthenocarpy is driven by pollen and/or embryo sac defects, and both events likely arise from meiotic anomalies. The single nucleotide polymorphisms identified between Sangiovese and Corinto Nero are suitable for testing as traceability markers for propagated material and as functional candidates for the seedless phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costantini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
| | - Paula Moreno-Sanz
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via. E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Chinedu Charles Nwafor
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Silvia Lorenzi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Annarita Marrano
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Fabiana Cristofolini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Elena Gottardini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paola Ruffa
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ivana Gribaudo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Anna Schneider
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Grando
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via. E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumar P, Eriksen RL, Simko I, Mou B. Molecular Mapping of Water-Stress Responsive Genomic Loci in Lettuce ( Lactuca spp.) Using Kinetics Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Hyperspectral Imaging and Machine Learning. Front Genet 2021; 12:634554. [PMID: 33679897 PMCID: PMC7935093 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.634554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep understanding of genetic architecture of water-stress tolerance is critical for efficient and optimal development of water-stress tolerant cultivars, which is the most economical and environmentally sound approach to maintain lettuce production with limited irrigation. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) production in areas with limited precipitation relies heavily on the use of ground water for irrigation. Lettuce plants are highly susceptible to water-stress, which also affects their nutrient uptake efficiency. Water stressed plants show reduced growth, lower biomass, and early bolting and flowering resulting in bitter flavors. Traditional phenotyping methods to evaluate water-stress are labor intensive, time-consuming and prone to errors. High throughput phenotyping platforms using kinetic chlorophyll fluorescence and hyperspectral imaging can effectively attain physiological traits related to photosynthesis and secondary metabolites that can enhance breeding efficiency for water-stress tolerance. Kinetic chlorophyll fluorescence and hyperspectral imaging along with traditional horticultural traits identified genomic loci affected by water-stress. Supervised machine learning models were evaluated for their accuracy to distinguish water-stressed plants and to identify the most important water-stress related parameters in lettuce. Random Forest (RF) had classification accuracy of 89.7% using kinetic chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and Neural Network (NN) had classification accuracy of 89.8% using hyperspectral imaging derived vegetation indices. The top ten chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and vegetation indices selected by sequential forward selection by RF and NN were genetically mapped using a L. sativa × L. serriola interspecific recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. A total of 25 quantitative trait loci (QTL) segregating for water-stress related horticultural traits, 26 QTL for the chlorophyll fluorescence traits and 34 QTL for spectral vegetation indices (VI) were identified. The percent phenotypic variation (PV) explained by the horticultural QTL ranged from 6.41 to 19.5%, PV explained by chlorophyll fluorescence QTL ranged from 6.93 to 13.26% while the PV explained by the VI QTL ranged from 7.2 to 17.19%. Eight QTL clusters harboring co-localized QTL for horticultural traits, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and VI were identified on six lettuce chromosomes. Molecular markers linked to the mapped QTL clusters can be targeted for marker-assisted selection to develop water-stress tolerant lettuce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Salinas, CA, United States
| | - Renee L Eriksen
- Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Ivan Simko
- Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Salinas, CA, United States
| | - Beiquan Mou
- Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Salinas, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Herzog K, Schwander F, Kassemeyer HH, Bieler E, Dürrenberger M, Trapp O, Töpfer R. Towards Sensor-Based Phenotyping of Physical Barriers of Grapes to Improve Resilience to Botrytis Bunch Rot. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:808365. [PMID: 35222454 PMCID: PMC8866247 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.808365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis bunch rot is one of the economically most important fungal diseases in viticulture (aside from powdery mildew and downy mildew). So far, no active defense mechanisms and resistance loci against the necrotrophic pathogen are known. Since long, breeders are mostly selecting phenotypically for loose grape bunches, which is recently the most evident trait to decrease the infection risk of Botrytis bunch rot. This study focused on plant phenomics of multiple traits by applying fast sensor technologies to measure berry impedance (Z REL ), berry texture, and 3D bunch architecture. As references, microscopic determined cuticle thickness (MS CT ) and infestation of grapes with Botrytis bunch rot were used. Z REL hereby is correlated to grape bunch density OIV204 (r = -0.6), cuticle thickness of berries (r = 0.61), mean berry diameter (r = -0.63), and Botrytis bunch rot (r = -0.7). However, no correlation between Z REL and berry maturity or berry texture was observed. In comparison to the category of traditional varieties (mostly susceptible), elite breeding lines show an impressive increased Z REL value (+317) and a 1-μm thicker berry cuticle. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on LGs 2, 6, 11, 15, and 16 were identified for Z REL and berry texture explaining a phenotypic variance of between 3 and 10.9%. These QTLs providing a starting point for the development of molecular markers. Modeling of Z REL and berry texture to predict Botrytis bunch rot resilience revealed McFadden R 2 = 0.99. Taken together, this study shows that in addition to loose grape bunch architecture, berry diameter, Z REL , and berry texture values are probably additional parameters that could be used to identify and select Botrytis-resilient wine grape varieties. Furthermore, grapevine breeding will benefit from these reliable methodologies permitting high-throughput screening for additional resilience traits of mechanical and physical barriers to Botrytis bunch rot. The findings might also be applicable to table grapes and other fruit crops like tomato or blueberry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Herzog
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn-Institut, Siebeldingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Katja Herzog,
| | - Florian Schwander
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn-Institut, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Hanns-Heinz Kassemeyer
- Plant Pathology & Diagnostic, State Institute for Viticulture and Enology Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Plant Biomechanics Group & Botanic Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evi Bieler
- Nano Imaging Lab, Swiss Nano Science Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Dürrenberger
- Nano Imaging Lab, Swiss Nano Science Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn-Institut, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Töpfer
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn-Institut, Siebeldingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Richter R, Rossmann S, Gabriel D, Töpfer R, Theres K, Zyprian E. Differential expression of transcription factor- and further growth-related genes correlates with contrasting cluster architecture in Vitis vinifera 'Pinot Noir' and Vitis spp. genotypes. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:3249-3272. [PMID: 32812062 PMCID: PMC7567691 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an economically important crop that needs to comply with high quality standards for fruit, juice and wine production. Intense plant protection is required to avoid fungal damage. Grapevine cultivars with loose cluster architecture enable reducing protective treatments due to their enhanced resilience against fungal infections, such as Botrytis cinerea-induced gray mold. A recent study identified transcription factor gene VvGRF4 as determinant of pedicel length, an important component of cluster architecture, in samples of two loose and two compact quasi-isogenic 'Pinot Noir' clones. Here, we extended the analysis to 12 differently clustered 'Pinot Noir' clones from five diverse clonal selection programs. Differential gene expression of these clones was studied in three different locations over three seasons. Two phenotypically opposite clones were grown at all three locations and served for standardization. Data were correlated with the phenotypic variation of cluster architecture sub-traits. A set of 14 genes with consistent expression differences between loosely and compactly clustered clones-independent from season and location-was newly identified. These genes have annotations related to cellular growth, cell division and auxin metabolism and include two more transcription factor genes, PRE6 and SEP1-like. The differential expression of VvGRF4 in relation to loose clusters was exclusively found in 'Pinot Noir' clones. Gene expression studies were further broadened to phenotypically contrasting F1 individuals of an interspecific cross and OIV reference varieties of loose cluster architecture. This investigation confirmed PRE6 and six growth-related genes to show differential expression related to cluster architecture over genetically divergent backgrounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Richter
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn Institute, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Rossmann
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Doreen Gabriel
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Julius Kühn Institute, Bundesallee 58, 38116, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Reinhard Töpfer
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn Institute, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Theres
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Zyprian
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn Institute, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Su K, Xing H, Guo Y, Zhao F, Liu Z, Li K, Li Y, Guo X. High-density genetic linkage map construction and cane cold hardiness QTL mapping for Vitis based on restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:419. [PMID: 32571215 PMCID: PMC7310074 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cold hardiness is an important agronomic trait and can significantly affect grape production and quality. Until now, there are no reports focusing on cold hardiness quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. In this study, grapevine interspecific hybridisation was carried out with the maternal parent ‘Cabernet sauvignon’ and paternal parent ‘Zuoyouhong’. A total of 181 hybrid offspring and their parents were used as samples for restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD). Grapevine cane phloem and xylem cold hardiness of the experimental material was detected using the low-temperature exotherm method in 2016, 2017 and 2018. QTL mapping was then conducted based on the integrated map. Results We constructed a high-density genetic linkage map with 16,076, 11,643, and 25,917 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers anchored in the maternal, paternal, and integrated maps, respectively. The average genetic distances of adjacent markers in the maps were 0.65 cM, 0.77 cM, and 0.41 cM, respectively. Colinearity analysis was conducted by comparison with the grape reference genome and showed good performance. Six QTLs were identified based on the phenotypic data of 3 years and they were mapped on linkage group (LG) 2, LG3, and LG15. Based on QTL results, candidate genes which may be involved in grapevine cold hardiness were selected. Conclusions High-density linkage maps can facilitate grapevine fine QTL mapping, genome comparison, and sequence assembly. The cold hardiness QTL mapping and candidate gene discovery performed in this study provide an important reference for molecular-assisted selection in grapevine cold hardiness breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Su
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Huiyang Xing
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yinshan Guo
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, P.R. China.
| | - Fangyuan Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiuwu Guo
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
VviUCC1 Nucleotide Diversity, Linkage Disequilibrium and Association with Rachis Architecture Traits in Grapevine. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060598. [PMID: 32485819 PMCID: PMC7348735 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster compactness is a trait with high agronomic relevance, affecting crop yield and grape composition. Rachis architecture is a major component of cluster compactness determinism, and is a target trait toward the breeding of grapevine varieties less susceptible to pests and diseases. Although its genetic basis is scarcely understood, a preliminary result indicated a possible involvement of the VviUCC1 gene. The aim of this study was to characterize the VviUCC1 gene in grapevine and to test the association between the natural variation observed for a series of rachis architecture traits and the polymorphisms detected in the VviUCC1 sequence. This gene encodes an uclacyanin plant-specific cell-wall protein involved in fiber formation and/or lignification processes. A high nucleotide diversity in the VviUCC1 gene promoter and coding regions was observed, but no critical effects were predicted in the protein domains, indicating a high level of conservation of its function in the cultivated grapevine. After correcting statistical models for genetic stratification and linkage disequilibrium effects, marker-trait association results revealed a series of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with cluster compactness and rachis traits variation. Two of them (Y-984 and K-88) affected two common cis-transcriptional regulatory elements, suggesting an effect on phenotype via gene expression regulation. This work reinforces the interest of further studies aiming to reveal the functional effect of the detected VviUCC1 variants on grapevine rachis architecture.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li M, Klein LL, Duncan KE, Jiang N, Chitwood DH, Londo JP, Miller AJ, Topp CN. Characterizing 3D inflorescence architecture in grapevine using X-ray imaging and advanced morphometrics: implications for understanding cluster density. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:6261-6276. [PMID: 31504758 PMCID: PMC6859732 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflorescence architecture provides the scaffold on which flowers and fruits develop, and consequently is a primary trait under investigation in many crop systems. Yet the challenge remains to analyse these complex 3D branching structures with appropriate tools. High information content datasets are required to represent the actual structure and facilitate full analysis of both the geometric and the topological features relevant to phenotypic variation in order to clarify evolutionary and developmental inflorescence patterns. We combined advanced imaging (X-ray tomography) and computational approaches (topological and geometric data analysis and structural simulations) to comprehensively characterize grapevine inflorescence architecture (the rachis and all branches without berries) among 10 wild Vitis species. Clustering and correlation analyses revealed unexpected relationships, for example pedicel branch angles were largely independent of other traits. We identified multivariate traits that typified species, which allowed us to classify species with 78.3% accuracy, versus 10% by chance. Twelve traits had strong signals across phylogenetic clades, providing insight into the evolution of inflorescence architecture. We provide an advanced framework to quantify 3D inflorescence and other branched plant structures that can be used to tease apart subtle, heritable features for a better understanding of genetic and environmental effects on plant phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Laura L Klein
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Ni Jiang
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel H Chitwood
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jason P Londo
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Allison J Miller
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Delfino P, Zenoni S, Imanifard Z, Tornielli GB, Bellin D. Selection of candidate genes controlling veraison time in grapevine through integration of meta-QTL and transcriptomic data. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:739. [PMID: 31615398 PMCID: PMC6794750 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High temperature during grape berry ripening impairs the quality of fruits and wines. Veraison time, which marks ripening onset, is a key factor for determining climatic conditions during berry ripening. Understanding its genetic control is crucial to successfully breed varieties more adapted to a changing climate. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) studies attempting to elucidate the genetic determinism of developmental stages in grapevine have identified wide genomic regions. Broad scale transcriptomic studies, by identifying sets of genes modulated during berry development and ripening, also highlighted a huge number of putative candidates. RESULTS With the final aim of providing an overview about available information on the genetic control of grapevine veraison time, and prioritizing candidates, we applied a meta-QTL analysis for grapevine phenology-related traits and checked for co-localization of transcriptomic candidates. A consensus genetic map including 3130 markers anchored to the grapevine genome assembly was compiled starting from 39 genetic maps. Two thousand ninety-three QTLs from 47 QTL studies were projected onto the consensus map, providing a comprehensive overview about distribution of available QTLs and revealing extensive co-localization especially across phenology related traits. From 141 phenology related QTLs we generated 4 veraison meta-QTLs located on linkage group (LG) 1 and 2, and 13 additional meta-QTLs connected to the veraison time genetic control, among which the most relevant were located on LG 14, 16 and 18. Functional candidates in these intervals were inspected. Lastly, taking advantage of available transcriptomic datasets, expression data along berry development were integrated, in order to pinpoint among positional candidates, those differentially expressed across the veraison transition. CONCLUSION Integration of meta-QTLs analysis on available phenology related QTLs and data from transcriptomic dataset allowed to strongly reduce the number of candidate genes for the genetic control of the veraison transition, prioritizing a list of 272 genes, among which 78 involved in regulation of gene expression, signal transduction or development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Delfino
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.,Present address: Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Zenoni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Zahra Imanifard
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Diana Bellin
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Barba P, Loughner R, Wentworth K, Nyrop JP, Loeb GM, Reisch BI. A QTL associated with leaf trichome traits has a major influence on the abundance of the predatory mite Typhlodromus pyri in a hybrid grapevine population. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:87. [PMID: 31645947 PMCID: PMC6804712 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The abundance of predatory phytoseiid mites, Typhlodromus pyri, important biological control agents of spider mite pests in numerous crops, is positively influenced by the density of leaf trichomes and tuft-form domatia in vein axils. Identification of the genetic regions controlling both trophic levels could facilitate the improvement of predatory mite habitat in breeding programs. The abundance of T. pyri and non-glandular trichomes was measured in a segregating F1 family derived from the cross of the complex Vitis hybrid, 'Horizon', with Illinois 547-1 (V. rupestris B38 × V. cinerea B9), finding positive correlation among traits. High density genetic maps were used to localize one major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 1 of Illinois 547-1 associated with both predatory mite abundance and leaf trichomes. This QTL explained 23% of the variation in phytoseiid abundance and similar amounts of variance in domatia rating (21%), domatia size (16%), leaf bristle density (37% in veins and 33% in blades), and leaf hair density (20% in veins and 15% in blades). Another nine QTL distributed among chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 8, and 15 were associated solely with trichome density, and explained 7-17% of the phenotypic variation. Combined, our results provide evidence of the genetic architecture of non-glandular trichomes in Vitis, with a major locus influencing trichome densities, domatia size and predatory mite abundance. This information is relevant for breeding grapevines with a more favorable habitat for biological control agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Barba
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Present Address: Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA La Platina, Santiago, 8831314 Chile
| | - Rebecca Loughner
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Karen Wentworth
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
| | - Jan Peter Nyrop
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
| | - Gregory M. Loeb
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
| | - Bruce I. Reisch
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Richter R, Gabriel D, Rist F, Töpfer R, Zyprian E. Identification of co-located QTLs and genomic regions affecting grapevine cluster architecture. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1159-1177. [PMID: 30569367 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Loose cluster architecture is an important aim in grapevine breeding since it has high impact on the phytosanitary status of grapes. This investigation analyzed the contributions of individual cluster sub-traits to the overall trait of cluster architecture. Six sub-traits showed large impact on cluster architecture as major determinants. They explained 57% of the OIV204 descriptor for cluster compactness rating in a highly diverse cross-population of 149 genotypes. Genetic analysis revealed several genomic regions involved in the expression of this trait. Based on the linkage of phenotypic features to molecular markers, QTL calculations shed new light on the genetic determinants of cluster architecture. Eight QTL clusters harbor overlapping confidence intervals of up to four co-located QTLs. A physical projection of the QTL clusters by confidence interval-flanking markers onto the PN40024 reference genome sequence revealed genes enriched in these regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Richter
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Geilweilerhof, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Doreen Gabriel
- Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Bundesallee 58, 38116, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Florian Rist
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Geilweilerhof, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Töpfer
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Geilweilerhof, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Eva Zyprian
- Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre of Cultivated Plants, Geilweilerhof, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Molecular characterization of a diverse Iranian table grapevine germplasm using REMAP markers: population structure, linkage disequilibrium and association mapping of berry yield and quality traits. Biologia (Bratisl) 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-0158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
17
|
Gudys K, Guzy-Wrobelska J, Janiak A, Dziurka MA, Ostrowska A, Hura K, Jurczyk B, Żmuda K, Grzybkowska D, Śróbka J, Urban W, Biesaga-Koscielniak J, Filek M, Koscielniak J, Mikołajczak K, Ogrodowicz P, Krystkowiak K, Kuczyńska A, Krajewski P, Szarejko I. Prioritization of Candidate Genes in QTL Regions for Physiological and Biochemical Traits Underlying Drought Response in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:769. [PMID: 29946328 PMCID: PMC6005862 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most adverse abiotic factors limiting growth and productivity of crops. Among them is barley, ranked fourth cereal worldwide in terms of harvested acreage and production. Plants have evolved various mechanisms to cope with water deficit at different biological levels, but there is an enormous challenge to decipher genes responsible for particular complex phenotypic traits, in order to develop drought tolerant crops. This work presents a comprehensive approach for elucidation of molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance in barley at the seedling stage of development. The study includes mapping of QTLs for physiological and biochemical traits associated with drought tolerance on a high-density function map, projection of QTL confidence intervals on barley physical map, and the retrievement of positional candidate genes (CGs), followed by their prioritization based on Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. A total of 64 QTLs for 25 physiological and biochemical traits that describe plant water status, photosynthetic efficiency, osmoprotectant and hormone content, as well as antioxidant activity, were positioned on a consensus map, constructed using RIL populations developed from the crosses between European and Syrian genotypes. The map contained a total of 875 SNP, SSR and CGs, spanning 941.86 cM with resolution of 1.1 cM. For the first time, QTLs for ethylene, glucose, sucrose, maltose, raffinose, α-tocopherol, γ-tocotrienol content, and catalase activity, have been mapped in barley. Based on overlapping confidence intervals of QTLs, 11 hotspots were identified that enclosed more than 60% of mapped QTLs. Genetic and physical map integration allowed the identification of 1,101 positional CGs within the confidence intervals of drought response-specific QTLs. Prioritization resulted in the designation of 143 CGs, among them were genes encoding antioxidants, carboxylic acid biosynthesis enzymes, heat shock proteins, small auxin up-regulated RNAs, nitric oxide synthase, ATP sulfurylases, and proteins involved in regulation of flowering time. This global approach may be proposed for identification of new CGs that underlies QTLs responsible for complex traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Gudys
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Justyna Guzy-Wrobelska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Janiak
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał A. Dziurka
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hura
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Jurczyk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Żmuda
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Daria Grzybkowska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Śróbka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Urban
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jolanta Biesaga-Koscielniak
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Filek
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Janusz Koscielniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Mikołajczak
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Ogrodowicz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Krystkowiak
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Plant Functional Metabolomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anetta Kuczyńska
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Department of Biometry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
GA 3 application in grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) modulates different sets of genes at cluster emergence, full bloom, and berry stage as revealed by RNA sequence-based transcriptome analysis. Funct Integr Genomics 2018; 18:439-455. [PMID: 29626310 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-018-0605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) is applied at different stages of bunch development to achieve desirable bunch shape and berry size in seedless grapes used for table purpose. RNA sequence-based transcriptome analysis was used to understand the mechanism of GA3 action at cluster emergence, full bloom, and berry stage in table grape variety Thompson Seedless. At cluster emergence, rachis samples were collected at 6 and 24 h after application of GA3, whereas flower clusters and berry samples were collected at 6, 24, and 48 h after application at full bloom and 3-4 mm berry stages. Seven hundred thirty-three genes were differentially expressed in GA3-treated samples. At rachis and flower cluster stage respectively, 126 and 264 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed within 6 h of GA3 application. The number of DEG reduced considerably at 24 h. However, at berry stage, major changes occurred even at 24 h and a number of DEGs at 6 and 24 h were 174 and 191, respectively. As compared to upregulated genes, larger numbers of genes were downregulated. Stage-specific response to the GA3 application was observed as evident from the unique set of DEGs at each stage and only a few common genes among three stages. Among the DEGs, 67 were transcription factors. Functional categorization and enrichment analysis revealed that several transcripts involved in sucrose and hexose metabolism, hormone and secondary metabolism, and abiotic and biotic stimuli were enriched in response to application of GA3. A high correlation was recorded for real-time PCR and transcriptome data for selected DEGs, thus indicating the robustness of transcriptome data obtained in this study for understanding the GA3 response at different stages of berry development in grape. Chromosomal localization of DEGs and identification of polymorphic microsatellite markers in selected genes have potential for their use in breeding for varieties with improved bunch architecture.
Collapse
|
19
|
Laucou V, Launay A, Bacilieri R, Lacombe T, Adam-Blondon AF, Bérard A, Chauveau A, de Andrés MT, Hausmann L, Ibáñez J, Le Paslier MC, Maghradze D, Martinez-Zapater JM, Maul E, Ponnaiah M, Töpfer R, Péros JP, Boursiquot JM. Extended diversity analysis of cultivated grapevine Vitis vinifera with 10K genome-wide SNPs. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192540. [PMID: 29420602 PMCID: PMC5805323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine is a very important crop species that is mainly cultivated worldwide for fruits, wine and juice. Identification of the genetic bases of performance traits through association mapping studies requires a precise knowledge of the available diversity and how this diversity is structured and varies across the whole genome. An 18k SNP genotyping array was evaluated on a panel of Vitis vinifera cultivars and we obtained a data set with no missing values for a total of 10207 SNPs and 783 different genotypes. The average inter-SNP spacing was ~47 kbp, the mean minor allele frequency (MAF) was 0.23 and the genetic diversity in the sample was high (He = 0.32). Fourteen SNPs, chosen from those with the highest MAF values, were sufficient to identify each genotype in the sample. Parentage analysis revealed 118 full parentages and 490 parent-offspring duos, thus confirming the close pedigree relationships within the cultivated grapevine. Structure analyses also confirmed the main divisions due to an eastern-western gradient and human usage (table vs. wine). Using a multivariate approach, we refined the structure and identified a total of eight clusters. Both the genetic diversity (He, 0.26-0.32) and linkage disequilibrium (LD, 28.8-58.2 kbp) varied between clusters. Despite the short span LD, we also identified some non-recombining haplotype blocks that may complicate association mapping. Finally, we performed a genome-wide association study that confirmed previous works and also identified new regions for important performance traits such as acidity. Taken together, all the results contribute to a better knowledge of the genetics of the cultivated grapevine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Laucou
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Launay
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Roberto Bacilieri
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Lacombe
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.,INRA Unité Expérimentale de Vassal, Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne, Marseillan-plage, France
| | | | - Aurélie Bérard
- EPGV, Univ Paris-Saclay, CEA, IG-CNG, INRA, Evry, France
| | | | | | - Ludger Hausmann
- JKI, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Javier Ibáñez
- ICVV, CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja, Gobierno de la Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Erika Maul
- JKI, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Maharajah Ponnaiah
- EPGV, Univ Paris-Saclay, CEA, IG-CNG, INRA, Evry, France.,LBD, Univ UPMC, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Reinhard Töpfer
- JKI, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Péros
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Boursiquot
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.,INRA Unité Expérimentale de Vassal, Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne, Marseillan-plage, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Muñoz-Espinoza C, Di Genova A, Correa J, Silva R, Maass A, González-Agüero M, Orellana A, Hinrichsen P. Transcriptome profiling of grapevine seedless segregants during berry development reveals candidate genes associated with berry weight. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:104. [PMID: 27118480 PMCID: PMC4845426 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0789-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berry size is considered as one of the main selection criteria in table grape breeding programs. However, this is a quantitative and polygenic trait, and its genetic determination is still poorly understood. Considering its economic importance, it is relevant to determine its genetic architecture and elucidate the mechanisms involved in its expression. To approach this issue, an RNA-Seq experiment based on Illumina platform was performed (14 libraries), including seedless segregants with contrasting phenotypes for berry weight at fruit setting (FST) and 6-8 mm berries (B68) phenological stages. RESULTS A group of 526 differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified, by comparing seedless segregants with contrasting phenotypes for berry weight: 101 genes from the FST stage and 463 from the B68 stage. Also, we integrated differential expression, principal components analysis (PCA), correlations and network co-expression analyses to characterize the transcriptome profiling observed in segregants with contrasting phenotypes for berry weight. After this, 68 DE genes were selected as candidate genes, and seven candidate genes were validated by real time-PCR, confirming their expression profiles. CONCLUSIONS We have carried out the first transcriptome analysis focused on table grape seedless segregants with contrasting phenotypes for berry weight. Our findings contributed to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in berry weight determination. Also, this comparative transcriptome profiling revealed candidate genes for berry weight which could be evaluated as selection tools in table grape breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Muñoz-Espinoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11, 610, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. Repúbica 217, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Genome Regulation, Av. Blanco Encalada 2085, 3rd floor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alex Di Genova
- Center for Mathematical Modeling (UMI2807-CNRS) and Department of Mathematical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Blanco Encalada 2120, 7th Floor, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Genome Regulation, Av. Blanco Encalada 2085, 3rd floor, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Correa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11, 610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Romina Silva
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11, 610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Maass
- Center for Mathematical Modeling (UMI2807-CNRS) and Department of Mathematical Engineering, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Blanco Encalada 2120, 7th Floor, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Genome Regulation, Av. Blanco Encalada 2085, 3rd floor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González-Agüero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11, 610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ariel Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. Repúbica 217, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Genome Regulation, Av. Blanco Encalada 2085, 3rd floor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Hinrichsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11, 610, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tello J, Torres-Pérez R, Grimplet J, Ibáñez J. Association analysis of grapevine bunch traits using a comprehensive approach. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:227-42. [PMID: 26536891 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A set of SNP markers associated to bunch compactness and related traits were identified in grapevine. ABSTRACT Bunch compactness plays an important role in the sanitary status and perceived quality of table and wine grapes, being influenced by cultural practices and by environmental and genetic factors, which are mostly unknown. In this work, we took advantage of genetic, genomic and bioinformatic advances to analyze part of its molecular basis through a combination of transcriptomic and association analyses. Results from different transcriptomic comparisons between loose and compact grapevine clones were analyzed to select a set of candidate genes likely involved in the observed variation for bunch compactness. Up to 183 genes were sequenced in a grapevine collection, and 7032 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in more than 100 varieties with a frequency of the minor allele over 5%. They were used to test their association in three consecutive seasons with bunch compactness and two of its most influencing factors: total berry number and length of the first ramification of the rachis. Only one SNP was associated with berry number in two seasons, suggesting the high sensitiveness of this trait to seasonal environmental changes. On the other hand, we found a set of SNPs associated with both the first ramification length and bunch compactness in various seasons, in several genes which had not previously related to bunch compactness or bunch compactness-related traits. They are proposed as interesting candidates for further functional analyses aimed to verify the results obtained in this work, as a previous step to their inclusion in marker-assisted selection strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Tello
- Departamento de Viticultura, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV, CSIC-Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos km 6. Finca La Grajera, 26007, Logroño, Spain
| | - Rafael Torres-Pérez
- Departamento de Viticultura, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV, CSIC-Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos km 6. Finca La Grajera, 26007, Logroño, Spain
| | - Jérôme Grimplet
- Departamento de Viticultura, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV, CSIC-Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos km 6. Finca La Grajera, 26007, Logroño, Spain
| | - Javier Ibáñez
- Departamento de Viticultura, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV, CSIC-Universidad de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja), Carretera de Burgos km 6. Finca La Grajera, 26007, Logroño, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Iwata H, Minamikawa MF, Kajiya-Kanegae H, Ishimori M, Hayashi T. Genomics-assisted breeding in fruit trees. BREEDING SCIENCE 2016; 66:100-15. [PMID: 27069395 PMCID: PMC4780794 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.66.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in genomic analysis technologies have opened up new avenues to promote the efficiency of plant breeding. Novel genomics-based approaches for plant breeding and genetics research, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS), are useful, especially in fruit tree breeding. The breeding of fruit trees is hindered by their long generation time, large plant size, long juvenile phase, and the necessity to wait for the physiological maturity of the plant to assess the marketable product (fruit). In this article, we describe the potential of genomics-assisted breeding, which uses these novel genomics-based approaches, to break through these barriers in conventional fruit tree breeding. We first introduce the molecular marker systems and whole-genome sequence data that are available for fruit tree breeding. Next we introduce the statistical methods for biparental linkage and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping as well as GWAS and GS. We then review QTL mapping, GWAS, and GS studies conducted on fruit trees. We also review novel technologies for rapid generation advancement. Finally, we note the future prospects of genomics-assisted fruit tree breeding and problems that need to be overcome in the breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Iwata
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657,
Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
| | - Mai F. Minamikawa
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657,
Japan
| | - Hiromi Kajiya-Kanegae
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657,
Japan
| | - Motoyuki Ishimori
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657,
Japan
| | - Takeshi Hayashi
- Agroinfomatics Division, NARO Agricultural Research Center (NARC),
3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8666,
Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Houel C, Chatbanyong R, Doligez A, Rienth M, Foria S, Luchaire N, Roux C, Adivèze A, Lopez G, Farnos M, Pellegrino A, This P, Romieu C, Torregrosa L. Identification of stable QTLs for vegetative and reproductive traits in the microvine (Vitis vinifera L.) using the 18 K Infinium chip. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:205. [PMID: 26283631 PMCID: PMC4539925 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing temperature associated with climate change impacts grapevine phenology and development with critical effects on grape yield and composition. Plant breeding has the potential to deliver new cultivars with stable yield and quality under warmer climate conditions, but this requires the identification of stable genetic determinants. This study tested the potentialities of the microvine to boost genetics in grapevine. A mapping population of 129 microvines derived from Picovine x Ugni Blanc flb, was genotyped with the Illumina® 18 K SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) chip. Forty-three vegetative and reproductive traits were phenotyped outdoors over four cropping cycles, and a subset of 22 traits over two cropping cycles in growth rooms with two contrasted temperatures, in order to map stable QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci). RESULTS Ten stable QTLs for berry development and quality or leaf area were identified on the parental maps. A new major QTL explaining up to 44 % of total variance of berry weight was identified on chromosome 7 in Ugni Blanc flb, and co-localized with QTLs for seed number (up to 76 % total variance), major berry acids at green lag phase (up to 35 %), and other yield components (up to 25 %). In addition, a minor QTL for leaf area was found on chromosome 4 of the same parent. In contrast, only minor QTLs for berry acidity and leaf area could be found as moderately stable in Picovine. None of the transporters recently identified as mutated in low acidity apples or Cucurbits were included in the several hundreds of candidate genes underlying the above berry QTLs, which could be reduced to a few dozen candidate genes when a priori pertinent biological functions and organ specific expression were considered. CONCLUSIONS This study combining the use of microvine and a high throughput genotyping technology was innovative for grapevine genetics. It allowed the identification of 10 stable QTLs, including the first berry acidity QTLs reported so far in a Vitis vinifera intra-specific cross. Robustness of a set of QTLs was assessed with respect to temperature variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cléa Houel
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
- INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
| | - Ratthaphon Chatbanyong
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
- INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
| | | | - Markus Rienth
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
- INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
- Fondation Jean Poupelain, 30 rue Gâte Chien, F-16100, Javrezac, France.
- Changins, Haute Ecole de Viticulture et Oenologie, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Serena Foria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 208, I-33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Nathalie Luchaire
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LEPSE, F- 34060, Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | - Gilbert Lopez
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
| | - Marc Farnos
- INRA, UMR AGAP, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
| | - Anne Pellegrino
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LEPSE, F- 34060, Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen J, Wang N, Fang LC, Liang ZC, Li SH, Wu BH. Construction of a high-density genetic map and QTLs mapping for sugars and acids in grape berries. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:28. [PMID: 25644551 PMCID: PMC4329212 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND QTLs controlling individual sugars and acids (fructose, glucose, malic acid and tartaric acid) in grape berries have not yet been identified. The present study aimed to construct a high-density, high-quality genetic map of a winemaking grape cross with a complex parentage (V. vinifera × V. amurensis) × ((V. labrusca × V. riparia) × V. vinifera), using next-generation restriction site-associated DNA sequencing, and then to identify loci related to phenotypic variability over three years. RESULTS In total, 1 826 SNP-based markers were developed. Of these, 621 markers were assembled into 19 linkage groups (LGs) for the maternal map, 696 for the paternal map, and 1 254 for the integrated map. Markers showed good linear agreement on most chromosomes between our genetic maps and the previously published V. vinifera reference sequence. However marker order was different in some chromosome regions, indicating both conservation and variation within the genome. Despite the identification of a range of QTLs controlling the traits of interest, these QTLs explained a relatively small percentage of the observed phenotypic variance. Although they exhibited a large degree of instability from year to year, QTLs were identified for all traits but tartaric acid and titratable acidity in the three years of the study; however only the QTLs for malic acid and β ratio (tartaric acid-to-malic acid ratio) were stable in two years. QTLs related to sugars were located within ten LGs (01, 02, 03, 04, 07, 09, 11, 14, 17, 18), and those related to acids within three LGs (06, 13, 18). Overlapping QTLs in LG14 were observed for fructose, glucose and total sugar. Malic acid, total acid and β ratio each had several QTLs in LG18, and malic acid also had a QTL in LG06. A set of 10 genes underlying these QTLs may be involved in determining the malic acid content of berries. CONCLUSION The genetic map constructed in this study is potentially a high-density, high-quality map, which could be used for QTL detection, genome comparison, and sequence assembly. It may also serve to broaden our understanding of the grape genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| | - Nian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Lin-Chuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Zhen-Chang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Hua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China.
| | - Ben-Hong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cronk QCB, Needham I, Rudall PJ. Evolution of Catkins: Inflorescence Morphology of Selected Salicaceae in an Evolutionary and Developmental Context. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1030. [PMID: 26697024 PMCID: PMC4671327 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Poplars (Populus sp.) and willows (Salix sp.) are well known woody plants common throughout the northern hemisphere, both with fully sequenced genomes. They bear compact unisexual inflorescences known as "catkins." Closely related genera of the "salicoid clade" within the family Salicaceae include the Asian genera Bennettiodendron, Idesia, Itoa, Poliothyrsis, and Carrierea and the Central American genera Olmediella and Macrohasseltia. Like willow and poplar, most of these genera are dioecious, but unlike willow and poplar they generally have loosely branched panicles rather than catkins, and less highly reduced flowers. However, the early developing inflorescences of Carrierea and Idesia show similarities to catkins which suggest possible pathways by which the salicoid catkin may have evolved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin C. B. Cronk
- Department of Botany, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Quentin C. B. Cronk,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|