Aminocella lysinolytica gen. nov., sp. nov., a l-lysine-degrading, strictly anaerobic bacterium in the class Clostridia isolated from a methanogenic reactor of cattle farms

Alkalibaculum sporogenes sp. nov., isolated from a terrestrial mud volcano and emended description of the genus Alkalibaculum

A novel anaerobic, endospore-forming bacterium (strain M08 DMB^T) was isolated from a terrestrial mud volcano (Taman Peninsula, Russia). Cells of the strain were motile rods 1.3-2.0 µm long and 0.4 µm in diameter. The temperature range for growth was 5-42 °C, with an optimum at 30 °C. The pH range for growth was H 6.5-11.0, with an optimum at pH 8.0. Growth of strain M08 DMB^T was observed at NaCl concentrations of 0-5.0 % (w/v) with an optimum at 1.0 %. Strain M08 DMB^T utilized 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2-methoxyphenol, carbon monoxide, glucose, fructose, mannose, xylose and yeast extract. The end product of glucose fermentation was acetate. The DNA G+C content of strain M08 DMB^T was 32.3 mol% (obtained via whole genome sequencing). The closest phylogenetic relative of strain M08 DMB^T was Alkalibaculum bacchi (family Eubacteriaceae, class Clostridia) with 95.17 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of the isolate, strain M08 DMB^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Alkalibaculum, for which the name Alkalibaculum sporogenes sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Alkalibaculum sporogenes is M08 DMB^T (=KCTC 15840^T=VKM B-3387^T).

Description of Anaerotignum aminivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, amino-acid-decomposing bacterium isolated from a methanogenic reactor, and reclassification of Clostridium propionicum, Clostridium neopropionicum and Clostridium lactatifermentans as species of the genus Anaerotignum

A strictly anaerobic bacterial strain (SH021^T) was isolated from a methanogenic reactor. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, motile, straight or slightly curved rods. The optimum temperature for growth was 35 °C, and the optimum pH was 6.1-7.7. The strain was asaccharolytic and utilized amino acids as growth substrates. The strain produced acetate and propionate from l-alanine and l-serine, and propionate and butyrate from l-threonine. Branched-chain amino acids (l-isoleucine, l-leucine and l-valine) were utilized weakly, and isovalerate or isobutyrate was produced. Strain SH021^T utilized pyruvate and lactate, and converted them to acetate and propionate. The genomic DNA G+C content was 38.2 mol%. Compounds related to iso-C15 : 0 were detected as major components in the cellular fatty acids analysis. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the most closely related known species were Clostridium propionicum, Clostridium neopropionicum and Clostridium lactatifermentans in cluster XIVb of the class Clostridia. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic data, Anaerotignum aminivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate strain SH021^T (=JCM 31556^T=DSM 103575^T). For the three related species of the genus Clostridium, Anaerotignum propionicum comb. nov. (type strain DSM 1682^T=JCM 1430^T=ATCC 25522^T=CCUG 9280^T=NCIMB 10656^T=VPI 5303^T), Anaerotignum neopropionicum comb. nov. (type strain X4^T=DSM 3847^T=KCTC 15564^T) and Anaerotignum lactatifermentans comb. nov. (type strain G17^T=DSM 14214^T=LMG 20954^T) are proposed with emended descriptions of these species.

Falcatimonas natans gen. nov., sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, amino-acid-decomposing bacterium isolated from a methanogenic reactor of cattle waste

A strictly anaerobic bacterial strain (WN011T) was isolated from a methanogenic reactor treating waste from cattle farms. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative curved rods with a polar flagellum. Spores were not produced. The optimum temperature for growth was 35-37 °C and the optimum pH was 6.7. The strain did not utilize carbohydrates as growth substrates. The strain grew in PY medium and produced acetate, butyrate, isovalerate and H2 as well as propionate and isobutyrate as minor products. Amino acids (l-isoleucine, l-leucine, l-lysine, l-serine, l-threonine and l-valine) added to PY medium enhanced growth of the strain and increased the amounts of fermentation products. Oxidase, catalase and nitrate-reducing activities were negative. Hydrogen sulfide was produced. The genomic DNA G+C content was 38.8 mol%. Compounds related to iso-C15 : 0 (fatty acid, dimethylacetal and aldehyde) were detected as predominant components by the cellular fatty acids analysis. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, three clones from wastewater were very closely related to strain WN011T (up to 99.9 % sequence similarity). The most closely related described species were those in cluster XIVa of the class Clostridia such as Ruminococcus gauvreauii (93.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Clostridium fimetarium (93.5 %) and Clostridium bolteae(93.5 %). Based on the distinct differences in phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics of strain WN011T from those of related species, it is concluded that strain WN011T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Lachnospiraceae, for which the name Falcatimonas natans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is WN011T (=JCM 16476T=DSM 22923T).

List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published

The purpose of this announcement is to effect the valid publication of the following effectively published new names and new combinations under the procedure described in the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Authors and other individuals wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in future lists should send three copies of the pertinent reprint or photocopies thereof, or an electronic copy of the published paper to the IJSEM Editorial Office for confirmation that all of the other requirements for valid publication have been met. It is also a requirement of IJSEM and the ICSP that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in two recognized culture collections in two different countries. It should be noted that the date of valid publication of these new names and combinations is the date of publication of this list, not the date of the original publication of the names and combinations. The authors of the new names and combinations are as given below. Inclusion of a name on these lists validates the publication of the name and thereby makes it available in the nomenclature of prokaryotes. The inclusion of a name on this list is not to be construed as taxonomic acceptance of the taxon to which the name is applied. Indeed, some of these names may, in time, be shown to be synonyms, or the organisms may be transferred to another genus, thus necessitating the creation of a new combination.