Paenibacillus turpanensis sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake of Turpan city in Xinjiang province, north-west China

Roseateles cavernae sp. nov., a Bacterium Isolated from Freshwater of the Old Huanglong Cave in Yunnan Province, South-West China

A novel bacteria, designated as YIM B04394T, was isolated from a freshwater sample collected from the Old Huanglong Cave in Kunming, Yunnan province, South-west China. The cells of this strain were Gram negative and rod shaped. The strain was found to be aerobic, oxidase positive, and weakly catalase positive, grew at 10-40℃ (optimum, 28 °C), pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0), and low NaCl concentrations (up to 5.0%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain YIM B04394T clustered with Roseateles species. The DNA-DNA and ANI relatedness values of strain YIM B04394T with the related species R. toxinivorans DSM 16998 T and R. saccharophilus DSM 25082 T were 21.50-22.9%% and 76.47-76.93%, respectively. The predominant fatty acids included C16:1ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c and C16:0. Ubiquinone- 8 was detected as the respiratory quinone, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and an unknown phospholipid. The DNA G + C content was 67.89%. Based on phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses, combined with phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterizations, this strain represents a novel Roseateles species for which the name Roseateles cavernae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM B04394T (= NBRC 115775 T = KCTC 92438 T = CCTCC AB2021502T).

Paenibacillus mesotrionivorans sp. nov., a Mesotrione-Degrading Strain Isolated from Soil

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, motile with peritrichous flagella, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as P15T, was isolated from an agricultural soil sample collected in Jiangxi Province, PR China. Strain P15T completely degraded 100 mg/L of mesotrione, a herbicide, within 48 h of incubation. Strain P15T grew at 15-42 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum 7.0), and 0-4.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1.0%). Strain P15T exhibited less than 93.3% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with type strains of genus Paenibacillus. In the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain P15T was clustered in genus Paenibacillus and formed a subclade with P. cavernae C4-5T, P. contaminans CKOBP-6T, and P. doosanensis CAU 1005T. The major cellular fatty acids (≥ 5% of the total) were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, C14:0, C16:0, and iso-C14:0. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycero, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified glycolipid, one unidentified aminophosphoglycolipid, two unidentified aminophospholipids, two unidentified phospholipid, and two unidentified lipids. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G + C content was 53.9 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain P15T represents a novel species within genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus mesotrionivorans sp. nov is proposed, with strain P15T (= MCCC 1K09191T = KCTC 43705T) as the type strain.

Paenibacillus polygoni sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from Polygonum lapathifolium L. in wetland

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, yellowish and glossy strain, C31T, was isolated from a wetland plant Polygonum lapathifolium L. located south of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain C31T showed similarity values of lower than 97.0 % to other type species belonging to the genus Paenibacillus. The genomic average nucleotide identity values between strain C31T and its reference type species ranged from 68.9-70.9 % and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values were lower than 27.8 %. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain C31T was 41.9 mol%. The optimal growth temperature, pH and NaCl concentration were 37 °C, pH 7 and 0.5 %, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids (>5.0 %) of strain C31T were anteiso-C15 : 0 (73.7 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (8.4 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (5.2 %). The polar lipids of strain C31T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified phospholipids. The respiratory quinone was MK-7. Based on these phylogenetic and phenotypic characterizations, strain C31T represents a novel species within the genus Paenibacillus. Therefore, the proposed name for this newly identified species is Paenibacillus polygoni sp. nov. and the type strain is C31T (=CCTCC AB 2022349T=KCTC 43565T).

Paenibacillus alkalitolerans sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from a salt lake of Turpan City in Xinjiang Province, north-west China

A Gram stain-positive, rod-shaped, motile, aerobic and terminal endospore formation bacterium, designated YIM B00362^T, was isolated from saline soil samples collected from a salt lake in Xinjiang Province, north-west China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences and whole genomes indicated that the isolate belongs to the genus Paenibacillus. However, the highest sequence similarity between strain YIM B00362^T and the relatives was only 94.4%. Moreover, the DNA-DNA relatedness and ANI values between the novel isolate and the relative type strain, Paenibacillus antri SYSU K30003^T was 13.6% and 70.3%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0, C_16:0 and the major quinone was MK-7. The isolate contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglyceride, and two unidentified polar lipids. The genomic DNA G + C content was 50.9 mol%. The major whole-cell sugars contained glucose and galactose. On the basis of physiological, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic data, strain YIM B00362^T represents a novel species of genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus alkalitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM B00362^T (= KCTC 43272 ^T = CGMCC 1.18801 ^T = NBRC 114667 ^T).

Paenibacillus arenilitoris sp. nov., isolated from seashore sand and genome mining revealed the biosynthesis potential as antibiotic producer

Strain IB182493^T, a marine, aerobic, Gram-stain-negative and motile bacterium, was isolated from seashore sand of South China Sea. Cells grew optimally at 25-30 °C, pH 7.0-8.0 and with 2-4% NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that the strain formed a distinct lineage within the genus Paenibacillus, and was most closely related to Paenibacillus harenae DSM 16969 ^T (similarity 96.6%) and Paenibacillus alkaliterrae DSM 17040 ^T (similarity 96.1%). The chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain IB182493^T included MK-7 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone, anteiso-C_15:0 and iso-C_16:0 as the major cellular fatty acids and meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diaminoacid in cell wall peptidoglycan. The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G + C content of strain IB182493^T was 56.2 %. The values of whole genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) between the isolate and the closely related type strains were less than 84.7% and 23.6%, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, phylogenetic distinctiveness and genomic data, we named the strain as Paenibacillus arenilitoris sp. nov. and proposed that strain IB182493^T (= MCCC 1K04626^T = JCM 34215 ^T) in the genus Paenibacillus represents a novel species.

Alkalibacillus aidingensis sp. nov., an Bacterium Isolated from Aiding Lake in Xinjiang Province, North-West China

A bacterial strain, Gram staining negative, aerobic, long rod, motile bacterium with flagellum, designated strain YIM 98829^T, was isolated from the Aiding Lake in Xinjiang province, North-West China. The isolate produced oval subterminal endospores in swollen sporangia. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained ornithine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and alanine, while diaminopimelic acid could not be detected. The major whole-cell sugars contained xylose, glucose, galactose, and mannose. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phospholipid, and two unidentified aminophospholipids were part of the polar lipid profile. Iso-C_15:0 and anteiso-C_15:0 were the major fatty acids. The DNA G + C content of the type strain was 38.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the isolate belongs to the genus Alkalibacillus. However, it differed from its closest relatives, A. haloalkaliphilus DSM 5271^T (97.04%), A. filiformis 4AG^T (96.99%), and A. silvisoli BM2^T (96.95%) in some physiological characteristics. DNA-DNA hybridization result indicated low levels of relatedness between strain YIM 98829^T and A. haloalkaliphilus JCM 12303^T (16.9%). On the basis of physiological, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic data, strain YIM 98829^T represents a novel species of genus Alkalibacillus, for which the name Alkalibacillus aidingensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 98829^T (= NBRC 114103^T = CGMCC 1.17260^T = DSM 112470^T).

Haloechinothrix aidingensis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China

An actinomycete strain, designated YIM 98757^T, was isolated from the hypersaline sediment of Aiding Lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China. The strain grew well on most media tested and no diffusible pigment was produced. The substrate mycelium was well developed and fragmented. No spores were formed. The whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the cell-wall diamino acid. Xylose, galactose, ribose were the major whole-cell sugars. The phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unknown phospholipid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H₄). The major fatty acid was iso-C_16:0. The DNA G + C content was 69.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the isolate belongs to the genus Haloechinothrix. However, it differed from its closest relative, H. alba YIM 98757 ^T in many phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics. Moreover, the DNA-DNA and ANI relatedness values between the novel isolate and H. alba YIM 93221 ^T were 53.3% and 92.5%, respectively. Based on comparative analysis of polyphasic taxonomic data, strain YIM 98757 ^T represents a novel species of the genus Haloechinothrix, for which the name Haloechinothrix aidingensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 98757^T (= CGMCC 4.7627^T = CCTCC AA 2020012).