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Roy R, Paul P, Chakraborty P, Malik M, Das S, Chatterjee S, Maity A, Dasgupta M, Sarker RK, Sarkar S, Das Gupta A, Tribedi P. Cuminaldehyde and Tobramycin Forestall the Biofilm Threats of Staphylococcus aureus: A Combinatorial Strategy to Evade the Biofilm Challenges. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04914-6. [PMID: 38526664 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic Gram-positive pathogen, is known for causing various infections in humans, primarily by forming biofilms. The biofilm-induced antibiotic resistance has been considered a significant medical threat. Combinatorial therapy has been considered a reliable approach to combat antibiotic resistance by using multiple antimicrobial agents simultaneously, targeting bacteria through different mechanisms of action. To this end, we examined the effects of two molecules, cuminaldehyde (a natural compound) and tobramycin (an antibiotic), individually and in combination, against staphylococcal biofilm. Our experimental observations demonstrated that cuminaldehyde (20 μg/mL) in combination with tobramycin (0.05 μg/mL) exhibited efficient reduction in biofilm formation compared to their individual treatments (p < 0.01). Additionally, the combination showed an additive interaction (fractional inhibitory concentration value 0.66) against S. aureus. Further analysis revealed that the effective combination accelerated the buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the membrane permeability of the bacteria. Our findings also specified that the cuminaldehyde in combination with tobramycin efficiently reduced biofilm-associated pathogenicity factors of S. aureus, including fibrinogen clumping ability, hemolysis property, and staphyloxanthin production. The selected concentrations of tobramycin and cuminaldehyde demonstrated promising activity against the biofilm development of S. aureus on catheter models without exerting antimicrobial effects. In conclusion, the combination of tobramycin and cuminaldehyde presented a successful strategy for combating staphylococcal biofilm-related healthcare threats. This combinatorial approach holds the potential for controlling biofilm-associated infections caused by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Roy
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Payel Paul
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Poulomi Chakraborty
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Moumita Malik
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sharmistha Das
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sudipta Chatterjee
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Alakesh Maity
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Monikankana Dasgupta
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Ranojit Kumar Sarker
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sarita Sarkar
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Anirban Das Gupta
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
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Das S, Roy R, Paul P, Chakraborty P, Chatterjee S, Malik M, Sarkar S, Das Gupta A, Maiti D, Tribedi P. Piperine, a Plant Alkaloid, Exhibits Efficient Disintegration of the Pre-existing Biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus: a Step Towards Effective Management of Biofilm Threats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1272-1291. [PMID: 37389724 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes a range of chronic infections in humans by exploiting its biofilm machinery and drug-tolerance property. Although several strategies have been proposed to eradicate biofilm-linked issues, here, we have explored whether piperine, a bioactive plant alkaloid, can disintegrate an already existing Staphylococcal biofilm. Towards this direction, the cells of S. aureus were allowed to develop biofilm first followed by treatment with the test concentrations (8 and 16 µg/mL) of piperine. In this connection, several assays such as total protein recovery assay, crystal violet assay, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) measurement assay, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis assay, and fluorescence microscopic image analysis confirmed the biofilm-disintegrating property of piperine against S. aureus. Piperine reduced the cellular auto-aggregation by decreasing the cell surface hydrophobicity. On further investigation, we observed that piperine could down regulate the dltA gene expression that might reduce the cell surface hydrophobicity of S. aureus. It was also observed that the piperine-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could enhance biofilm disintegration by decreasing the cell surface hydrophobicity of the test organism. Together, all the observations suggested that piperine could be used as a potential molecule for the effective management of the pre-existing biofilm of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Das
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Ritwik Roy
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Payel Paul
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Poulomi Chakraborty
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sudipta Chatterjee
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Moumita Malik
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sarita Sarkar
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Anirban Das Gupta
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Debasish Maiti
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
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Mone NS, Syed S, Ravichandiran P, Kamble EE, Pardesi KR, Salunke-Gawali S, Rai M, Vikram Singh A, Prasad Dakua S, Park BH, Yoo DJ, Satpute SK. Synergistic and Additive Effects of Menadione in Combination with Antibiotics on Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Insights from Structure-Function Analysis of Naphthoquinones. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300328. [PMID: 37874976 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) interferes with the effective treatment of infections and increases the risk of microbial spread and infection-related illness and death. The synergistic activities of combinations of antimicrobial compounds offer satisfactory approaches to some extent. Structurally diverse naphthoquinones (NQs) including menadione (-CH3 group at C2) exhibit substantial antimicrobial activities against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. We explored the combinations of menadione with antibiotic ciprofloxacin or ampicillin against Staphylococcus aureus and its biofilms. We found an additive (0.590 %) were also observed. However, preformed biofilms were not affected. Dent formation was also evident in S. aureus treated with the test compounds. The structure-function relationship (SFR) of NQs was used to determine and predict their activity pattern against pathogens. Analysis of 10 structurally distinct NQs revealed that the compounds with -Cl, -Br, -CH3 , or -OH groups displayed the lowest MICs (32-256 μg/mL). Furthermore, 1,4-NQs possessing a halogen or -CH3 moiety showed elevated ROS activity, whereas molecules with an -OH group affected cell integrity. Improved activity of antimicrobial combinations and SFR approaches are significant in antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishigandha S Mone
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Sahil Syed
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Palanisamy Ravichandiran
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering (BK21 FOUR) of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Ekta E Kamble
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Karishma R Pardesi
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Sunita Salunke-Gawali
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra m, 411007, India
| | - Mansi Rai
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Yoo
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering (BK21 FOUR) of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Surekha K Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
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Paul P, Roy R, Das S, Sarkar S, Chatterjee S, Mallik M, Shukla A, Chakraborty P, Tribedi P. The combinatorial applications of 1,4-naphthoquinone and tryptophan inhibit the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:801-811. [PMID: 37097592 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms embedded within an extracellular polymeric matrix are known as biofilm. The extensive use of antibiotics to overcome the biofilm-linked challenges has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Staphylococcus aureus is one such nosocomial pathogen that is known to cause biofilm-linked infections. Thus, novel strategies have been adopted in this study to inhibit the biofilm formation of S. aureus. Two natural compounds, namely, 1,4-naphthoquinone (a quinone derivative) and tryptophan (aromatic amino acid), have been chosen as they could independently show efficient antibiofilm activity. To enhance the antibiofilm potential, the two compounds were combined and tested against the same organism. Several experiments like crystal violet (CV) assay, protein estimation, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) extraction, and estimation of metabolic activity confirmed that the combination of the two compounds could significantly inhibit the biofilm formation of S. aureus. To comprehend the underlying mechanism, efforts were further directed to understand whether the two compounds could inhibit biofilm formation by compromising the cell surface hydrophobicity of the bacteria. The results revealed that the cell surface hydrophobicity got reduced by ~ 49% when the compounds were applied together. Thus, the combinations could show enhanced antibiofilm activity by attenuating cell surface hydrophobicity. Further studies revealed that the selected concentrations of the compounds could disintegrate (~ 70%) the pre-existing biofilm of the test bacteria without showing any antimicrobial activity. Hence, the combined application of tryptophan and 1,4-naphthoquinone could be used to inhibit the biofilm threats of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Paul
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Ritwik Roy
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sharmistha Das
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sarita Sarkar
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sudipta Chatterjee
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Moumita Mallik
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Aditya Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Poulomi Chakraborty
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
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Chatterjee S, Das S, Paul P, Chakraborty P, Sarkar S, Das A, Tribedi P. Synergistic interaction of cuminaldehyde and tobramycin: a potential strategy for the efficient management of biofilm caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:151-163. [PMID: 36192618 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-01005-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, has been found to cause several chronic and acute infections in human. Moreover, it often shows drug-tolerance and poses a severe threat to public healthcare through biofilm formation. In this scenario, two molecules, namely, cuminaldehyde and tobramycin, were used separately and in combination for the efficient management of biofilm challenge. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cuminaldehyde and tobramycin was found to be 150 µg/mL and 1 µg/mL, respectively, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The checkerboard assay revealed that the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of cuminaldehyde and tobramycin was 0.36 suggesting a synergistic association between them. The sub-MIC dose of cuminaldehyde (60 µg/mL) or tobramycin (0.06 µg/mL) individually did not show any effect on the microbial growth curve. However, the same combinations could affect microbial growth curve of Pseudomonas aeruginosa efficiently. In connection to biofilm management, it was observed that the synergistic interaction between cuminaldehyde and tobramycin could inhibit biofilm formation more efficiently than their single use (p < 0.01). Further investigation revealed that the combinations of cuminaldehyde and tobramycin could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that resulted in the increase of membrane permeability of bacterial cells leading to the efficient inhibition of microbial biofilm formation. Besides, the synergistic interaction between cuminaldehyde (20 µg/mL) and tobramycin (0.03 µg/mL) also showed significant biofilm dispersal of the test microorganism (p < 0.01). Hence, the results suggested that synergistic action of cuminaldehyde and tobramycin could be applied for the efficient management of microbial biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sharmistha Das
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Payel Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Poulomi Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Sarita Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India
| | - Amlan Das
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741251, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
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Das S, Paul P, Dastidar DG, Chakraborty P, Chatterjee S, Sarkar S, Maiti D, Tribedi P. Piperine Exhibits Potential Antibiofilm Activity Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Accumulating Reactive Oxygen Species, Affecting Cell Surface Hydrophobicity and Quorum Sensing. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:3229-3256. [PMID: 36580259 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria often develop biofilm through different mechanisms in promoting pathogenicity. Hence, the antibiofilm molecule needs to be examined separately on both organisms to manage the biofilm threat. Since the antibiofilm activity of piperine against Staphylococcus aureus was already reported; here, we aimed to examine the antibiofilm activity of it against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen that can cause several healthcare-associated infections by exploiting biofilm. Several experiments like crystal violet assay, estimation of total protein, measurement of extracellular polymeric substance, and microscopic analysis confirmed that lower concentrations (8 and 16 µg/mL) of piperine could inhibit the microbial biofilm formation considerably. Besides, it could also reduce the secretion of virulence factors from P. aeruginosa. Further investigation showed that the cell surface hydrophobicity and microbial motility of the test organism got reduced under the influence of piperine. Piperine exposure was found to increase the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that resulted in the inhibition of biofilm formation. Furthermore, the molecular simulation studies suggested that piperine could affect the quorum sensing network of P. aeruginosa. Towards this direction, we noticed that piperine treatment could decrease the expression of the quorum sensing gene (lasI) that resulted in the inhibition of biofilm formation. Besides biofilm inhibition, piperine was also found to disintegrate the pre-existing biofilm of P. aeruginosa without showing any antimicrobial property to the test organism. Thus, piperine could be used for the sustainable protection of public-healthcare by compromising the biofilm assembly of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Das
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West, Bengal-743368, India
| | - Payel Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West, Bengal-743368, India
| | - Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar
- Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 157/F Nilgunj Road, Panihati, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700114, India
| | - Poulomi Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West, Bengal-743368, India
| | - Sudipta Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West, Bengal-743368, India
| | - Sarita Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West, Bengal-743368, India
| | - Debasish Maiti
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West, Bengal-743368, India.
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Das S, Paul P, Chatterjee S, Chakraborty P, Sarker RK, Das A, Maiti D, Tribedi P. Piperine exhibits promising antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus by accumulating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:59. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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