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Bakhtin VM, Izmozherova NV, Belokonova NA. Complexation of fluoroquinolones with magnesium ions. Bûll sib med 2022. [DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2022-3-6-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aim. To evaluate strength of magnesium ion complexes with levofloxacin and moxifloxacin.Materials and methods. Complexation of levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and reference ligands (ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), sodium citrate, and glycine) with magnesium ions in the range from 0.0 to 1.0 mmol / l was studied. The technique developed by the authors (patent RU 2680519 C1) was used to measure the rate of a model formation reaction of a magnesium phosphate coarse dispersion. Complexing activity of ligands was expressed in relation to EDTA activity and compared with the theoretical ion exchange equilibrium constants. The half maximal effective concentration (C50) calculated by the Michaelis − Menten equation was used to evaluate the dependence of the complexing activity on the dose.Results. A correlation between the activity of EDTA, citrate ions, and glycine and the theoretical equilibrium constants (R = −0.87, p < 0.001) was found. In the range from 0.0 to 0.4 mmol / l, both levofloxacin and moxifloxacin showed a lesser complexing effect than EDTA (p < 0.001), and in the range from 0.6 to 1.0 mmol / l, their complexing effect was comparable (p > 0.050). The activity of fluoroquinolones did not differ at any concentration (p > 0.050), but moxifloxacin C50 (0.13 mmol / l; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.11–0.15) was significantly lower than that of levofloxacin (0.22 mmol / l; 95% CI 0.19–0.26), (p < 0.001). Within the 0.4–1.0 mmol / l concentration range, the activity of levofloxacin was higher than that of citrate ions and glycine (p < 0.001). Complexing activity of moxifloxacin was higher than that of citrate ions within the range of 0.2–1.0 mmol / l, and in the range of 0.4–1.0 mmol / l, it was higher than that of glycine (p < 0.001).Conclusion. The proposed method showed that the complexing activity of fluoroquinolones was close to that of EDTA and exceeded the activity of citrate ions and glycine. The complexation of fluoroquinolones may be associated with their ability to induce side effects associated with magnesium deficiency.
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Hashimoto Y, Michihata N, Yamana H, Shigemi D, Morita K, Matsui H, Yasunaga H, Aihara M. Safety of topical ophthalmic antibiotics in pregnant women with hordeola, chalazia, blepharitis, or bacterial conjunctivitis: propensity score analyses. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:1066-1073. [PMID: 34035495 PMCID: PMC9046183 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01586-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between exposure to topical ophthalmic antibiotics during pregnancy and adverse neonatal outcomes. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we identified pregnant women with hordeola, chalazia, blepharitis, or bacterial conjunctivitis from 2005 to 2018 using the Japanese Medical Data Centre Claims Database. From the eligible women, we extracted women who were dispensed no topical antibiotics during the first trimester (non-antibiotic group), women who were dispensed topical fluoroquinolones alone at least once (fluoroquinolone alone group), and women who were dispensed any single type of antibiotic (single-antibiotic group). We compared the frequency of congenital anomalies (CA), preterm birth (PB), low birth weight (LBW), and the composite outcome of these three between the fluoroquinolone and non-antibiotic groups and between the single-antibiotic and non-antibiotic groups, using propensity score adjustment. RESULTS A total of 891 eligible women were identified. In the fluoroquinolone (n = 409) and non-antibiotic (n = 309) groups, CA occurred in 6.8% and 6.8%, PB in 2.4% and 3.2%, LBW in 2.9% and 3.2%, and the composite outcome in 10.5% and 11.3%, respectively. Analysis using propensity score adjustment showed no significant difference between the groups in the frequency of CA (adjusted odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.61-2.18), PB (0.80; 0.30-2.17), LBW (1.08; 0.45-2.63), or the composite outcome (1.12; 0.67-1.87). Comparison of the single-antibiotic and non-antibiotic groups showed similar results. CONCLUSIONS Topical ophthalmic antibiotics for hordeola, chalazia, blepharitis, or bacterial conjunctivitis during the first trimester were not associated with increased adverse neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Hashimoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Michihata
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Hayato Yamana
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shigemi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kojiro Morita
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan ,grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsui
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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Golestani S, Golestaneh A, Gohari AA. Comparative effects of systemic administration of levofloxacin and cephalexin on fracture healing in rats. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 48:94-100. [PMID: 35491140 PMCID: PMC9065642 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2022.48.2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of systemic administration of levofloxacin or cephalexin on fracture healing in rats. Materials and Methods In this animal study, tibial fractures not requiring fixation were artificially induced in 30 male Wistar albino rats using a 1.1 mm surgical bur. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=5). Groups 1 and 2 received daily subcutaneous saline injections. Groups 3 and 4 received subcutaneous injections of 25 mg/kg levofloxacin twice daily. Groups 5 and 6 received daily subcutaneous injections of 20 mg/kg cephalexin. The rats in Groups 1, 3, and 5 were sacrificed after 1 week, while the rats in Groups 2, 4, and 6 were sacrificed after 4 weeks. The score of fracture healing was determined through histological assessment of sections from the fracture site according to Perry and colleagues. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results The mean score of fracture healing at 4 weeks was significantly higher than that at 1 week in the saline, levofloxacin, and cephalexin groups (P<0.001). At 1 week, no significant difference was noted among the three groups of saline, levofloxacin, and cephalexin in the mean score of fracture healing (P=0.360). However, this difference was significant at 4 weeks (P=0.018), and the mean score in the saline group was significantly higher compared to that in the levofloxacin group (P=0.015). Conclusion It is recommended not to prescribe levofloxacin for more than 1 week after surgical management of bone fractures due to its possible adverse effects on fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Golestani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Golestaneh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atousa Aminzadeh Gohari
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
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Yefet E, Schwartz N, Chazan B, Salim R, Romano S, Nachum Z. The safety of quinolones and fluoroquinolones in pregnancy: a meta-analysis. BJOG 2018; 125:1069-1076. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Yefet
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Emek Medical Center; Afula Israel
| | - N Schwartz
- Research Authority and Biostatistics; Emek Medical Center; Afula Israel
| | - B Chazan
- Infectious Disease Unit; Emek Medical Center; Afula Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion; Haifa Israel
| | - R Salim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Emek Medical Center; Afula Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion; Haifa Israel
| | - S Romano
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Emek Medical Center; Afula Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion; Haifa Israel
| | - Z Nachum
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Emek Medical Center; Afula Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion; Haifa Israel
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Bode K, Kunz A, Baumann-Wilschke I, Shakibaei M, Stahlmann R. Effects of moxifloxacin and clinafloxacin on murine limb buds cultured in regular and in magnesium-deficient medium. Arch Toxicol 2009; 84:221-6. [PMID: 19949773 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-009-0490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of the prenatal toxicity of a substance in rats or other animals according to the current guidelines is often hampered by the rapid metabolism of the test compound and/or by maternal toxicity. One example for such a compound is moxifloxacin. In vitro systems offer the possibility to study the direct effects of the test compound on embryonic tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the embryotoxic potential of moxifloxacin in vitro using the murine limb bud culture. Clinafloxacin, which was found to be teratogenic when tested in rats, was used for comparison. The effects of various concentrations of moxifloxacin (10, 30, 60 and 100 mg/L) and clinafloxacin (3, 10 and 30 mg/L) on growth and differentiation of 12-day-old murine limb buds were studied in a standard and in a magnesium-deficient medium. After termination of the culture, the respective front limb buds were examined by different methods. Clinafloxacin showed clear-cut effects at a concentration of 30 mg/L in both media. Effects were similarly pronounced as the effects observed with moxifloxacin at a concentration of 100 mg/L. Lower concentrations of moxifloxacin, which are achieved during therapy in humans, did not impair growth and differentiation of limb buds. Using electron microscopy, slight ultrastructural changes could be seen after exposure to 3 mg clinafloxacin/L medium. Ultrastructurally, clinafloxacin caused a concentration-dependent decrease of the extracellular matrix, swelling of cell organelles and at higher concentrations necrotic chondrocytes. These effects were significantly enhanced in a magnesium-deficient medium. In conclusion, the effects of moxifloxacin on murine limb buds in vitro were definitely less pronounced than those of clinafloxacin. Effects on growth and differentiation occurred with moxifloxacin only at concentrations that are higher than plasma concentrations observed during therapy. This result is of special interest, because due to rapid metabolism of moxifloxacin in rats results from a routinely performed segment II type study cannot be used for a risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Bode
- Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Mauerstr. 39-42, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas M Alazami
- Developmental Genetics Section, Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Feyerabend F, Witte F, Kammal M, Willumeit R. Unphysiologically High Magnesium Concentrations Support Chondrocyte Proliferation and Redifferentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 12:3545-56. [PMID: 17518690 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.12.3545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of unphysiologically high extracellular magnesium concentrations on chondrocytes, induced by the supplementation of magnesium sulfate, was studied using a 3-phase tissue engineering model. The experiments showed that chondrocyte proliferation and redifferentiation, on the gene and protein expression level, are enhanced. A negative influence was found during chondrogenesis where an inhibition of extracellular matrix formation was observed. In addition, a direct impact on chondrocyte metabolism, elevated magnesium concentrations also affected growth factor effectiveness by consecutive influences during chondrogenesis. All observations were dosage dependent. The results of this study indicate that magnesium may be a useful tool for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Feyerabend
- GKSS Research Centre, Institute of Materials Research, Department of Macromolecular Structure Research, Geesthacht, Germany.
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Abstract
We previously have shown that experimental fractures exposed to ciprofloxacin have diminished fracture healing. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of levofloxacin and trovafloxacin on experimental fracture healing to test the hypothesis that diminished fracture healing is a quinolone class effect. Sixty-one male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, which received 25 mg/kg of levofloxacin twice daily for 3 weeks, 35 mg/kg of trovafloxacin twice daily for 3 weeks, or no treatment, beginning 7 days after production of closed, nondisplaced, bilateral femoral fractures. The mean peak serum concentrations of levofloxacin and trovafloxacin drawn 30 minutes after administration were 6.9 and 7.0 microg/mL, respectively. Radiographic, histologic, and biomechanical studies were used to evaluate fracture healing. Torsional strength testing of fracture callus exposed to levofloxacin and trovafloxacin revealed a decrease in strength (299 and 257 N-mm, respectively) as compared with controls (364 N-mm). Radiographs revealed significantly more advanced healing in control animals (Goldberg score of 2.1) compared with the fractures in the rats treated with levofloxacin and trovafloxacin (Goldberg score of 1.5 in both groups). Fracture calluses in the animals treated with levofloxacin and trovafloxacin showed a lower histologic grade (5.3 and 3.5, respectively) as compared with control animals (7.5) representing a less mature callus with the presence of more cartilage and less woven bone. These data suggest that experimental fractures systemically exposed to levofloxacin or trovafloxacin have diminished healing during the early stages of fracture repair. The administration of quinolones during early fracture repair may compromise fracture healing in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archie C Perry
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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