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Elimam H, Zaki MB, Abd-Elmawla MA, Darwish HA, Hatawsh A, Aborehab NM, Mageed SSA, Moussa R, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Doghish AS. Natural products and long non-coding RNAs in prostate cancer: insights into etiology and treatment resistance. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025; 398:6349-6368. [PMID: 39825964 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03736-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2024] [Accepted: 12/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/20/2025]
Abstract
Globally, the incidence and death rates associated with cancer persist in rising, despite considerable advancements in cancer therapy. Although some malignancies are manageable by a mix of chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and targeted therapy, most malignant tumors either exhibit poor responsiveness to early identification or endure post-treatment survival. The prognosis for prostate cancer (PCa) is unfavorable since it is a perilous and lethal malignancy. The capacity of phytochemical and nutraceutical chemicals to repress oncogenic lncRNAs and activate tumor suppressor lncRNAs has garnered significant attention as a possible strategy to diminish the development, proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of cancer cells. A potential technique to treat cancer and enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to existing conventional therapies is the use of phytochemicals with anticancer characteristics. Functional studies indicate that lncRNAs modulate drug resistance, stemness, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation via interactions with tumor suppressors and oncoproteins. Among them, numerous lncRNAs, such as HOTAIR, PlncRNA1, GAS5, MEG3, LincRNA-21, and POTEF-AS1, support the development of PCa through many molecular mechanisms, including modulation of tumor suppressors and regulation of various signal pathways like PI3K/Akt, Bax/Caspase 3, P53, MAPK cascade, and TGF-β1. Other lncRNAs, in particular, MALAT-1, CCAT2, DANCR, LncRNA-ATB, PlncRNA1, LincRNA-21, POTEF-AS1, ZEB1-AS1, SChLAP1, and H19, are key players in regulating the aforementioned processes. Natural substances have shown promising anticancer benefits against PCa by altering essential signaling pathways. The overexpression of some lncRNAs is associated with advanced TNM stage, metastasis, chemoresistance, and reduced survival. LncRNAs possess crucial clinical and transitional implications in PCa, as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as medicinal targets. To impede the progression of PCa, it is beneficial to target aberrant long non-coding RNAs using antisense oligonucleotides or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). This prevents them from transmitting harmful messages. In summary, several precision medicine approaches may be used to rectify dysfunctional lncRNA regulatory circuits, so improving early PCa detection and eventually facilitating the conquest of this lethal disease. Due to their presence in biological fluids and tissues, they may serve as novel biomarkers. Enhancing PCa treatments mitigates resistance to chemotherapy and radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah A Darwish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Hatawsh
- Biotechnology School, Nile University, 26Th of July Corridor, Sheikh Zayed City, 12588, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nora M Aborehab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rewan Moussa
- School Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, , 11829, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Doghish AS, Zaki MB, Hatawsh A, Elfar N, Alhamshry NAA, Abd-Elmawla MA, Aborehab NM, Radwan AF, Moussa R, Mageed SSA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Mohammed OA, Elimam H. Alternative medicines in oncology: a focus on natural products against gastric cancer. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025:10.1007/s00210-025-04058-2. [PMID: 40261350 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-025-04058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2025] [Accepted: 03/13/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
There is justification for optimism about the potential contribution of alternative medicines to cancer management, which now ranks as the second leading cause of death globally. Primary carcinogens arise from several sources, including agriculture, industry, and dietary intake. Gastric cancer (GC) significantly affects an individual's health due to its classification as a malignant tumor associated with elevated mortality and morbidity rates. Chemotherapy is now widely regarded as the gold standard for treating GC. Chemotherapy, however, exerts significant detrimental effects on human health, including irreversible damage to multiple organs. Consequently, it is essential to employ innovative strategies for cancer prevention. Natural products are now the focus of intensive study due to their efficacy against cancer and low toxicity levels. Natural compounds have shown a diverse range of anti-cancer properties. This review aims to emphasize studies on natural compounds that inhibit metastasis, induce apoptosis in GC, and decrease cellular proliferation. All the natural compounds from different sources were incorporated in this review not only medicinal plants derived compounds. This review aims to examine a comprehensive array of natural therapies that may enhance human health and facilitate GC prevention without inducing discernible negative effects. Moreover, this review aims to discuss the toxic side effects of phytochemicals and shed light on mechanisms underlying the action of potential natural products against GC. This review offers a novel perspective by integrating a broad spectrum of natural compounds from diverse sources, not limited to medicinal plants, to explore their anti-cancer properties against gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia National University, km Cairo-Alexandria Agricultural Road, Menofia, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Hatawsh
- Biotechnology School, Nile University, 26th of July Corridor, Sheikh Zayed City, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Elfar
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, 11578, Egypt
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, 11567, Egypt
| | - Nora A A Alhamshry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nora M Aborehab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdullah F Radwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kut University College, Al Kut, Wasit, 52001, Iraq
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Rewan Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
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3
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Jasim SA, Altalbawy FMA, Uthirapathy S, Bishoyi AK, Ballal S, Singh A, Devi A, Yumashev A, Mustafa YF, Abosaoda MK. Regulation of immune-mediated chemoresistance in cancer by lncRNAs: an in-depth review of signaling pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025:10.1007/s00210-025-04081-3. [PMID: 40202675 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-025-04081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/10/2025]
Abstract
Resistance to cancer therapies is increasingly recognized as being influenced by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are pivotal in regulating cellular functions and gene expression. Elucidating the intricate relationship between lncRNAs and the mechanisms underlying drug resistance is critical for advancing effective therapeutic strategies. This study offers an in-depth review of the regulatory roles lncRNAs play in various signaling and immunological pathways implicated in cancer chemoresistance. lncRNA-mediated influence on drug resistance-related signaling pathways will be presented, including immune evasion mechanisms and other essential signaling cascades. Furthermore, the interplay between lncRNAs and the immune landscape will be dissected, illustrating their substantial impact on the development of chemoresistance. Overall, the potential of lncRNA-mediated signaling networks as a therapeutic strategy to combat cancer resistance has been highlighted. This review reiterates the fundamental role of lncRNAs in chemoresistance and proposes promising avenues for future research and the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Technology, University of Al-Maarif, Anbar, Iraq.
| | - Farag M A Altalbawy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subasini Uthirapathy
- Pharmacy Department, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ashok Kumar Bishoyi
- Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360003, Gujarat, India
| | - Suhas Ballal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhayveer Singh
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Anita Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
| | - Alexey Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Mosco, Russia
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Munther Kadhim Abosaoda
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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Elimam H, Eldeib MG, Kizilaslan EZ, Alhamshry NAA, Ashour AE, Elfar N, Abdel-Wahab MM, Zaki MB, Mohammed OA, Radwan AF, Abdel-Reheim MA, Moussa R, Doghish AS. Exploring the interplay of natural products and long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and overcoming drug resistance. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025; 398:1243-1263. [PMID: 39287672 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is recognized as one of the most prevalent malignancies, both in terms of incidence and mortality rates. Current research into CRC has shed light on the molecular mechanisms driving its development. Several factors, including lifestyle, environmental influences, genetics, and diet, play significant roles in its pathogenesis. Natural compounds such as curcumin, tanshinone, lycorine, sinomenine, kaempferol, verbascoside, quercetin, berberine, and fisetin have shown great promise in the prevention and treatment of CRC. Research has also highlighted the significance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CRC. Among these, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to regulate the transcription of genes involved in cancer. LncRNAs contribute to cancer stem cell (CSC) proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance. Specific lncRNAs, including GAS5, LNC00337, HOTAIR, TPT1-AS1, cCSC1, BCAR4, TUG1, and Solh2, play crucial roles in these processes. They hold potential as novel biomarkers, detectable in bodily fluids and tissues, and could serve as therapeutic targets due to their involvement in drug resistance and sensitivity. These insights could improve CRC treatment strategies, addressing resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current knowledge regarding the effectiveness of natural anti-cancer agents in CRC treatment. Additionally, it offers an in-depth evaluation of lncRNAs in CRC, their role in the disease's progression, and their potential applications in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Gomaa Eldeib
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia, 41636, Egypt
| | | | - Nora A A Alhamshry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Elfar
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11578, Cairo, Egypt
- Egyptian Drug Authority, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, 11567, Egypt
| | - Maie M Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia, 41636, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt.
| | - Rewan Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Abd-Elmawla MA, ElMonier AA, Gad ES, Khidr HY, Azzam MA. Implication of Let7b/AhR/ARNT/HMGB1/RAGE cascade in neuroplasticity disturbances induced by glucocorticoids and the promising reversible effect of 3,3 diindolymethane: Bidirectional crosstalk of Aryl hydrocarbon receptors. Biochem Pharmacol 2025; 232:116692. [PMID: 39638071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids (GC) disrupts neuronal architecture, hinders neuroplasticity, and triggers neuroinflammation. However, the precise underlying mechanisms have not been studied yet. The current study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of GC-induced neuroinflammatory effects by stimulating the miRNA let7b, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/ARNT, HMGB1/RAGE, and other downstream targets. Rats were divided into 4 groups; control, GC (20 mg/kg, S.C.), 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) 50 mg/kg/day, and donepezil (DNZ) 4 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Behavioral tests and histopathological investigations of cerebral cortex were done. Let7b, AhR, ARNT, and cytochrome A1A were estimated using qRT-PCR. HMGB1, RAGE, NQO1and NRF2 were estimated using ELISA, whereas GFAP and TNF-α by immunohistochemical analysis. Keap1 was estimated using Western technique. GSH and TBARS were assessed by colorimetric assay. In the current study, GC elevates the gene expressions of let7b, AhR, ARNT, and cytochrome A1A, along with the protein contents of HMGB1, RAGE, NQO1and NRF2. In addition, GC showed increased GFAP, TNF-α, and TBARS, together with decreased Keap1 and GSH. On the other side, DIM and DNZ reversed all the above-mentioned findings. Collectively, the study documents for the first time the effect of GC in upregulating let7b and activating the AhR/ARNT loop which subsequently stimulates RAGE/HMGB1 and NRF2/Keap1 cascade leading to stimulating further inflammatory and oxidative signaling pathways. Certainly, these effects are responsible for the behavioral fluctuations, the brain's histological disruption, altered neuroplasticity, and neuroinflammation induced by GC. Moreover, DIM conquers GC-induced neuroinflammation due to its characteristic role in modulating AhR and its downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa A ElMonier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas S Gad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Kantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Haneen Y Khidr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May A Azzam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hatawsh A, Al-Haddad RH, Okafor UG, Diab LM, Dekanoidze N, Abdulwahab AA, Mohammed OA, Doghish AS, Moussa R, Elimam H. Mitoepigenetics pathways and natural compounds: a dual approach to combatting hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Oncol 2024; 41:302. [PMID: 39465473 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading liver cancer that significantly impacts global life expectancy and remains challenging to treat due to often late diagnoses. Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis is still poor, especially in advanced stages. Studies have pointed out that investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC, including mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic regulators, are potentially important targets for diagnosis and therapy. Mitoepigenetics, or the epigenetic modifications of mitochondrial DNA, have drawn wide attention for their role in HCC progression. Besides, molecular biomarkers such as mitochondrial DNA alterations and non-coding RNAs showed early diagnosis and prognosis potential. Additionally, natural compounds like alkaloids, resveratrol, curcumin, and flavonoids show promise in HCC show promise in modulating mitochondrial and epigenetic pathways involved in cancer-related processes. This review discusses how mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic modifications, especially mitoepigenetics, influence HCC and delves into the potential of natural products as new adjuvant treatments against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Hatawsh
- Biotechnology School, Nile University, 26th of July Corridor, Sheikh Zayed City, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Roya Hadi Al-Haddad
- Research and Technology Center of Environment, Water and Renewable Energy, Scientific Research Commission, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Lamis M Diab
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt.
| | - Rewan Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sādāt, 32897, Egypt.
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7
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Elimam H, Moussa R, Radwan AF, Hatawsh A, Elfar N, Alhamshry NAA, Abd-Elmawla MA, Aborehab NM, Zaki MB, Mageed SSA, Mohammed OA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Doghish AS. LncRNAs orchestration of gastric cancer - particular emphasis on the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment resistance. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:175. [PMID: 39325107 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major public health challenge worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the development, progression, and resistance to the treatment of GC, as shown by recent developments in molecular characterization. Still, an in-depth investigation of the lncRNA landscape in GC is absent. However, The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate our present understanding of the role that lncRNA dysregulation plays in the etiology of GC and treatment resistance, with a focus on the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Research that described the functions of lncRNA in angiogenesis, stemness, epigenetics, metastasis, apoptosis, development, and resistance to key treatments was given priority. In GC, it has been discovered that a large number of lncRNAs, including MALAT1, HOTAIR, H19, and ANRIL, are aberrantly expressed and are connected with disease-related outcomes. Through various methods such as chromatin remodeling, signal transduction pathways, and microRNA sponging, they modulate hallmark cancer capabilities. Through the activation of stemness programs, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and survival signaling, LncRNAs also control resistance to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. By clarifying their molecular roles further, we may be able to identify new treatment targets and ways to overcome resistance. This article aims to explore the interplay between lncRNAs, and GC. Specifically, the focus is on understanding how lncRNAs contribute to the etiology of GC and influence treatment resistance in patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Rewan Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Abdullah F Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Hatawsh
- Biotechnology School, 26th of July Corridor, Nile University, Sheikh Zayed City, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Elfar
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, 11578, Egypt
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, 11567, Egypt
| | - Nora A A Alhamshry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nora M Aborehab
- Member of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt.
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