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Wang S, Shan S, Yang J, Zhou J, Wang G. Plastic probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry developed for rapid fingerprint profile of biological samples without pretreatment. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6701-6709. [PMID: 37755488 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A triangular-shaped flat plastic substrate probe was prepared for direct electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for analysis of untreated chemical and biological samples including liquids (Met-Arg-Phe-Ala peptide, reserpine, and dodecyl aldehyde), solids (biological samples, traditional Chinese medicine), and powders (roasted coffee, rhizoma coptidis, lotus plumule, and Schisandra sphenanthera). Quantitative analysis of reserpine in water yielded a detection limit of 1 ng mL-1, dynamic response range within 1-500 ng mL-1, and linearity of signal response ˃0.9925. Compared to the conventional capillary ESI, this plastic probe ESI offers lower cost of analysis (US $0.0056 per probe), higher sensitivity, lower sample consumption, longer signal duration (>6 min), better reproducibility, signal stability, and higher speed of analysis (<10 s per sample, including sample loading). Overall, the results indicate the potential of ESI-MS based on flat plastic probes as a versatile method for simple, sensitive, and stable analysis of untreated biological sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglong Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang, 330013, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, Changsha, 410019, China
- Evaluation and Research Center of Dao-Di Herbs of Jiangxi Province, GanJiang New Area, 330000, China
| | - Shan Shan
- College of Life Science, National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- Evaluation and Research Center of Dao-Di Herbs of Jiangxi Province, GanJiang New Area, 330000, China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, Changsha, 410019, China
| | - Guofeng Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang, 330013, China.
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Hou M, Sun S, Zhu Y, Yu Q. A 3D-printed sub-atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization source for robust, facile, and flexible mass spectrometry analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6441-6448. [PMID: 37644320 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The operation and performance of electrospray ionization (ESI) is affected by the surrounding environment. In this study, a compact sub-atmospheric pressure ESI (SAP-ESI) source was designed and fabricated using the 3D printing method. This source has a simple structure and is easy to operate, as the sample solution and auxiliary gas are continuously sucked into the source through the pressure difference. The compact and enclosed ionization chamber can reduce the fluctuation of the surrounding gas flow to ensure a remarkably stable (< 3%) electrospray. Moreover, the source can offer variable SAP conditions for ESI analysis. The yield of analyte ions increases with decreasing pressure, while the production of background ions is suppressed under these conditions. In the analysis of protein samples, SAP-ESI can increase the yield and charge state of ions, which may be due to the reduction of proton transfer between charged proteins and surrounding gas. The SAP-ESI source was then used to continuously monitor the extract aqueous solution of tea leaves, and to detect the carbendazim residues on the apple surface by coupling with the liquid extraction surface analysis technique. Experimental results demonstrate that the developed SAP-ESI is a stable, practical, and versatile ionization technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulang Hou
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuang Sun
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Quan Yu
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Zhang Q, Zhu Y, Tian Y, Yu Q, Wang X. Induced Self-aspiration Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Flexible Sampling and Analysis. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4600-4606. [PMID: 32096631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization (ESI) operating in pulse mode can enhance the utilization efficiency of the electrospray ions by a mass spectrometer. Herein, a novel ionization technique called induced self-aspiration-electrospray ionization (ISA-ESI) was developed based on self-aspiration sampling and capacitive induction. The sample solution polarized in a strong electric field was pulsed drawn into a capillary that was connected to a subambient chamber. The sample solution with polarized ions forms a charged liquid column, which can initiate an electrospray when reaching the capillary outlet. In addition to the self-aspiration ability, the use of a constant high voltage supply and no electrical contact with the solution can also simplify the sampling and ionization operation, enabling a convenient ESI mass spectrometry analysis. The developed ISA-ESI source has been used for multidimensional monitoring of chemical reactions as well as liquid extraction surface analysis of plant tissues. It was expected that this special ionization method could be extended to automated high-throughput ESI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.,State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Quan Yu
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohao Wang
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.,State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Potential analytical methods for on-site oral drug test: Recent developments and applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Feider CL, Krieger A, DeHoog RJ, Eberlin LS. Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Recent Developments and Applications. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4266-4290. [PMID: 30790515 PMCID: PMC7444024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara L. Feider
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Anna Krieger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Rachel J. DeHoog
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Livia S. Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Yu Q, Zhang Q, Lu X, Qian X, Ni K, Wang X. Developing a Vacuum Electrospray Source To Implement Efficient Atmospheric Sampling for Miniature Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12938-12944. [PMID: 29091419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a miniature mass spectrometer in atmospheric analysis is closely related to the design of its sampling system. In this study, a simplified vacuum electrospray ionization (VESI) source was developed based on a combination of several techniques, including the discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface, direct capillary sampling, and pneumatic-assisted electrospray. Pulsed air was used as a vital factor to facilitate the operation of electrospray ionization in the vacuum chamber. This VESI device can be used as an efficient atmospheric sampling interface when coupled with a miniature rectilinear ion trap (RIT) mass spectrometer. The developed VESI-RIT instrument enables regular ESI analysis of liquid, and its qualitative and quantitative capabilities have been characterized by using various solution samples. A limit of detection of 8 ppb could be attained for arginine in a methanol solution. In addition, extractive electrospray ionization of organic compounds can be implemented by using the same VESI device, as long as the gas analytes are injected with the pulsed auxiliary air. This methodology can extend the use of the proposed VESI technique to rapid and online analysis of gaseous and volatile samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yu
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinqiong Lu
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiang Qian
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kai Ni
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohao Wang
- Division of Advanced Manufacturing, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055, China.,State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Peacock
- First State IR, LLC , 118 Susan Drive, Hockessin, Delaware 19707, United States
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Sarah Trimpin
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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