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Liao Y, Wen R, Fu S, Cheng X, Ren S, Lu M, Qian L, Luo F, Wang Y, Xiao Q, Wang X, Ye H, Zhang X, Jiang C, Li X, Li S, Dang R, Liu Y, Kang J, Yao Z, Yan J, Xiong J, Wang Y, Wu S, Chen X, Li Y, Xia J, Hu Z, He C. Spatial memory requires hypocretins to elevate medial entorhinal gamma oscillations. Neuron 2024; 112:155-173.e8. [PMID: 37944520 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The hypocretin (Hcrt) (also known as orexin) neuropeptidic wakefulness-promoting system is implicated in the regulation of spatial memory, but its specific role and mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we revealed the innervation of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) by Hcrt neurons in mice. Using the genetically encoded G-protein-coupled receptor activation-based Hcrt sensor, we observed a significant increase in Hcrt levels in the MEC during novel object-place exploration. We identified the function of Hcrt at presynaptic glutamatergic terminals, where it recruits fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive neurons and promotes gamma oscillations. Bidirectional manipulations of Hcrt neurons' projections from the lateral hypothalamus (LHHcrt) to MEC revealed the essential role of this pathway in regulating object-place memory encoding, but not recall, through the modulation of gamma oscillations. Our findings highlight the significance of the LHHcrt-MEC circuitry in supporting spatial memory and reveal a unique neural basis for the hypothalamic regulation of spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Liao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ruyi Wen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shengwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaofang Cheng
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuancheng Ren
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Minmin Lu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ling Qian
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fenlan Luo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hengying Ye
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chenggang Jiang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ruozhi Dang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Junjun Kang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhongxiang Yao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiaxiang Xiong
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yanjiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Brain Research Center, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianxia Xia
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Zhian Hu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China.
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Cao Y, Zhang Y, Jia Z, Jia H, Sun Y, Yuan H, Bian Y, Xu B, Fu J, Qin F. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate ameliorates learning and memory impairments in mice with premature brain aging induced by D-galactose. Physiol Behav 2023; 261:114077. [PMID: 36638877 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Age-related neurodegenerative diseases accompanied by learning and memory deficits are growing in prevalence due to population aging. Cellular oxidative stress is a common pathomechanism in multiple age-related disorders, and various antioxidants have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in patients or animal models. Many plants and plant extracts possess potent antioxidant activity, but the compounds responsible are frequently unknown. Identification and evaluation of these phytochemicals is necessary for optimal targeted therapy. A recent study identified theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TFDG) as the most potent among a large series of phytochemical antioxidants. Here we examined if TFDG can mitigate learning and memory impairments in the D-galactose model of age-related neurodegeneration. Experimental mice were injected subcutaneously with D-galactose (120 mg/kg) for 56 days. In treatment groups, different doses of TFDG were administered daily by gavage starting on day 29 of D-galactose injection. Model mice exhibited poor learning and memory in the novel object recognition and Y-maze tests, reduced brain/body mass ratio, increased brain glutamate concentration and acetylcholinesterase activity, decreased brain acetylcholine concentration, and lower choline acetyltransferase, glutaminase, and glutamine synthetase activities. Activities of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also reduced, while the concentration of malondialdehyde, a lipid peroxidation product, was elevated. Further, antioxidant genes Nrf2, Prx2, Gsh-px1, and Sod1 were downregulated in brain. Each one of these changes was dose-dependently reversed by TFDG. TFDG is an effective antioxidant response inducer and neuroprotectant that can restore normal neurotransmitter metabolism and ameliorate learning and memory dysfunction in the D-galactose model of age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichou Cao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yunyi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Zehan Jia
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Huining Jia
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yuanchen Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Hongxia Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yongle Bian
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - BingJie Xu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources of Shaanxi Province, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, Shaanxi, China; Qinba State Key Laboratory of biological resources and ecological environment (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fenju Qin
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
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Suzuki K, Ohi Y, Sato T, Tsuda Y, Madokoro Y, Mizuno M, Adachi K, Uchida Y, Haji A, Ojika K, Matsukawa N. Reduction of glutamatergic activity through cholinergic dysfunction in the hippocampus of hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide precursor protein knockout mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19161. [PMID: 36357544 PMCID: PMC9649636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic activation can enhance glutamatergic activity in the hippocampus under pathologic conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the relationship between glutamatergic neural functional decline and cholinergic neural dysfunction in the hippocampus. We report the importance of hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP) in inducing acetylcholine synthesis in the medial septal nucleus. Here, we demonstrate that HCNP-precursor protein (pp) knockout (KO) mice electrophysiologically presented with glutamatergic dysfunction in the hippocampus with age. The impairment of cholinergic function via a decrease in vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the pre-synapse with reactive upregulation of the muscarinic M1 receptor may be partly involved in glutamatergic dysfunction in the hippocampus of HCNP-pp KO mice. The results, in combination with our previous reports that show the reduction of hippocampal theta power through a decrease of a region-specific choline acetyltransferase in the stratum oriens of CA1 and the decrease of acetylcholine concentration in the hippocampus, may indicate the defined cholinergic dysfunction in HCNP-pp KO mice. This may also support that HCNP-pp KO mice are appropriate genetic models for cholinergic functional impairment in septo-hippocampal interactions. Therefore, according to the cholinergic hypothesis, the model mice might are potential partial pathological animal models for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Suzuki
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ohi
- grid.411253.00000 0001 2189 9594Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8650 Japan
| | - Toyohiro Sato
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Yo Tsuda
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Yuta Madokoro
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Masayuki Mizuno
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Kenichi Adachi
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Yuto Uchida
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Akira Haji
- grid.411253.00000 0001 2189 9594Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8650 Japan
| | - Kosei Ojika
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsukawa
- grid.260433.00000 0001 0728 1069Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
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